Ngumba, izifundo kunye iziphumo Nagorno-Karabakh imfazwe

Nagorno-Karabakh imfazwe ka 1991-1994 kwabulawa abantu abangaphezu kwama-40 amawaka. Le ungquzulwano lobuhlanga yaba isithuba lokuqala post-eSoviet. Kwaye kakhulu wamagazi. Isigaba elikhutheleyo Nagorno-Karabakh imfazwe ngo-1994, kodwa ukulahla ngoxolo abuyi kufunyanwa. Nanamhlanje, semkhosini mazwe sobabini rhoqo ukulwa lokulungela.

Imvelaphi Nagorno-Karabakh imfazwe

Xilaveko yale uvulele kufuneka sibuyele ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX, xa emva ukuyilwa karhulumente yiSoviet ka Azerbaijan SSR ezimeleyo ummandla Nagorno-Karabakh, nto leyo kakhulu nelinabemi Armenia sele ifakiwe. Emva kweminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe abantu Armenian sasikhona apha. Ngowe-1988 kwaba malunga ne-75% xa kuthelekiswa-23% of Azerbaijani (2% baba Russian kunye nezinye izizwe). Ngokuba kakhulu ixesha elide Armenia kummandla rhoqo wavakalisa izikhalazo malunga nezenzo yobandlululo abasemagunyeni Azerbaijani. Active apha yaye yaxoxa umba kwenzeke ka Nagorno-Karabakh kunye Armenia. Ukuwa eSoviet Union kukhokelele kwinto yokuba engamandla ntshikilelo phezu akukho nto ukuzibamba. intiyo Mutual nagaphezulu kunanini na ngaphambili, yaye oku kwakhokelela ekubeni ekuqaleni Nagorno-Karabakh imfazwe.

Ngowe-1988, iBhodi yamaSekela yePalamente kummandla elizenzekelayo Nagorno-Karabakh yabamba lwezimvo apho uninzi lwabantu wavotelwa ngokujoyina Armenia. Ngokutsho neziphumo ukuvotela iBhunga yamaSekela wacela oorhulumente waseUSSR, Azerbaijan kunye seeRiphablikhi Armenian agunyazise inkqubo. Kakade ke, oko akuzange kubangele uvuyo ngecala Azerbaijani. Kumazwe zombini, zonke yangqubana baqalisa ukuba kwenzeka rhoqo ngomhla ngokusekelwe ingxabano phakathi kohlanga. Kubulawe lokuqala ndawo kwamaJuda. Phambi kokuwa kwamandla karhulumente eSoviet ngandlel alulibazisayo uhlaselo ungquzulwano ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, kodwa ngo-1991 ngequbuliso wahamba le mibutho.

Inkqubela kwi Nagorno-Karabakh imfazwe

Emva kokuba ukungaphumeleli i-Agasti lika kwacaca xa bayahlelwa qumrhu. Kwaye eCaucasus, le meko kongasentla kumda. NgoSeptemba 1991, Armenia ngokungekho mthethweni wavakalisa geqe Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, ukwakha ngexesha elifanayo impi kakuhle kakhulu ngoncedo kobunkokheli Armenian, kwakunye diasporas asemzini Russian. Okokugqibela kodwa okunga kuncinananga ke Bulelani kunokwenzeka ukuba nolwalamano oluhle kunye eMoscow. Ngelo xesha linye urhulumente omtsha Baku, wakhokela umgaqo-nkqubo rapprochement kunye Turkey, nto leyo eye yabangela imbambano kunye kwikomkhulu zakutshanje yakhe. NgoMeyi 1992, imikhosi Armenian exhobileyo wakwazi ukuba atyhudise kwipaseji Azerbaijan, imikhosi utshaba onqatyisiweyo, ukufikelela kwimida Armenia. umkhosi Azerbaijani, ke, wakwazi ukuba ukuthatha indawo esemantla Nagorno Karabakh.

Nangona kunjalo, entwasahlobo ka-1993, imikhosi Armenian-Karabakh wenziwe umsebenzi omtsha, nto leyo yabangela ukuba phantsi kolawulo lwabo kuphela wonke ummandla ukuzimela izolo, kodwa kwakhona inxalenye Azerbaijan. Lokoyiswa komkhosi zangaphambili ziye zakhokelela ekubeni e Baku phakathi ku-1993, wabhukuqwa a wesizwe pro-Turkish nguMongameli Elchibey, yaye indawo yayo yathathwa yi isikhulu kwexesha yiSoviet, Heydar Aliyev. Entsha Intloko karhulumente iye unxulumano ithi post-eSoviet ngcono kakhulu, wajoyina ico. Oku lula kunye nokuxabisana ukuqonda ngecala Armenian. Umlo emhlabeni ukuzimela wangaphambili waze Meyi 1994, emva koko empi Karabakh wabeka phantsi iingalo zabo. Kungekudala emva ukuxolelana esayinwe Bishkek.

Isiphumo ungquzulwano

Kwiminyaka elandelayo, ingxoxo yababini brokered yi eFransi, Russia kunye United States ngokuqhubekayo khona. Noko ke, akazange kugqitywa de namhlanje. Nangona Armenia elimemela begazi le eyayigquba abantu Armenian ukuya kwindawo engundoqo ye kuyo, Azerbaijan unyanzelisa kumgaqo ingqibelelo sobummandla kunye inviolability emideni.