Jikelele Walter von Reichenau: engobomi, impumelelo kunye nembali

Field Marshal lwamaNazi Germany WALTHER von Reichenau (Walter von Reichenau) wayengomnye lamadindala ezimbalwa eziphezulu wamajoni Wehrmacht, ngubani luxhaswe amaNazi. Ebudeni II, waba nenjengele 6 Army. Yaba yena nomkhosi wakhe wathabatha Paris ngo-1940, kwakunye Kiev ne eKharkov ngo-1941.

biography

Walter Reichenau wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 8, 1884 e Karlsruhe (German Empire). Uyise waba jikelele Prussia. Reichenau family iingcambu zobunene yaye isisityebi ngokwaneleyo. Kwinkulungwane XIX kunye kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane XX ngeyabo kwenye mveliso impahla inkulu ibekwe eJamani.

Ekupheleni kuka-1930 le ntsapho yagqiba ukuyicima ukuba amaNazi, waguquka ukuba ibe yinkampani emkhosini waza waqalisa ukuvelisa apho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izixhobo zomkhosi. Xa ngo-1945, Amanyeneyo baqalisa ukuba kuqhunyiswe kwisixeko Karlsruhe kwi-mveliso yatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye wanyamalala nempembelelo nobutyebi intsapho Reichenau.

Xa wayeneminyaka eli-18, abatsha, uWalter wagqiba ukuba uza kwenza umsebenzi wamajoni, waza ndangenela umkhosi. Okokuqala kwakunjalo 1st Prussia zokudubula butho. Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko wonyuselwa ukuba sombutho, yaye ngowe-1912 waba unyuselwe uLt.

The World lokuqala

Phambi kokuba imfazwe, uWalter von Reichenau wayengumfundi Berlin Military Academy, apho waqeqesha onke amagosa Staff Jikelele. Kuqhamko impi kwi-Western Front, kwanyanzeleka ukuba abuyele kwiyunithi yakhe, apho wakhonza mkhosi kukumthetheli webutho. Kamva, watshintshelwa Jikelele Abasebenzi Reserve Division 47th.

First World Walter von Reichenau waphumelela kunye elikwinqanaba waka, kodwa inkonzo ngempumelelo, yena wawongwa Iron Cross I degree II, Order of the House of Hohenzollern kunye nezinye iimpawu eziliqela agqamileyo. Emva koko, wakhonza Jikelele Abasebenzi Military District, omi sasayinwa, kwakunye umphathi yenkampani umatshini-umpu. Ngowe-1923, sele elikwinqanaba kutyelelo emikhulu lokuqala eNgilani. Ebuya apho, uYesu wathabatha izikhundla abasebenzi ezahlukeneyo eBerlin kunye ekupheleni kuka-1927 yaba umthetheli nomkhosi Stuttgart. Ekubeni ngaphantsi kweminyaka emibini, waba sikhulu Lieutenant.

Kamva Reichenau sibuyele eNgilani, kodwa yena uya kuhlala apho elo xesha iinyanga ezimbalwa. Ekupheleni konyaka-1929, kokuba wakhumbula emva eBerlin kunye intloko nabasebenzi abasekondiweyo ukuya umhloli oqeshwe kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa lezoNxibelelwano of the Reichswehr. A sikhundla de Februwari 1931, alukayifumani ukuqeshwa e East Prussia. emva kanye konyaka omnye, wafumana omnye ukukhuthazwa isikhundla sikhulu.

AmaNazi Assistant anenzondelelo

Ndimele ndithi ukuba ukususela ekuqaleni Reichenau wavuyiswa kunye iingcinga iSocialism yeSizwe. Ngowe-1932, umalume wakhe, kukho admirer enkulu Hitler, wazisa umtshana wakhe umfanekiso wakhe oqingqiweyo. Loo nto, icebisa ukuba uMlawuli elizayo kumphathi wakhe, Werner von Blomberg.

Emva konyaka, nge-30 Januwari, Adolf Hitler waba yingqonyela yaseJamani. Ngoko nangoko unikela Blomberg, uMphathiswa kweMfazwe, waza wazazisa kubo Reichenau - intloko yesebe kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa Reichswehr kwi enikezela elikwisikhundla elilandelayo uMajor General. ngokukhawuleza kakhulu yajika yaba uhlobo unxibelelwano phakathi abaphathi lwamaNazi kunye nomkhosi.

Ekuqaleni kuka-1933, yokurhoxa athethwe yingqwayi-ngqwayi owayesakuba belizwe German inyanzela Kurt von Hammerstein. Endaweni yoko, ukuba owoyiswayo candidacy ka Reichenau, uHitler, Hindenburg, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile, bawucekisile ngamandla waza wanika nesithuba Werner von Fritsch.

"Night of Long Iimela"

Ngoko ke, Walter von Reichenau, engobomi, umsebenzi kunye nesiqalo apho wonke umsebenzi ukusuka kanye ekuqaleni Wayeqhogene amaNazi, iye yathath yancedisa uMlawuli elizayo ukuze bambambe amandla kweli lizwe. Wayeqonda ukuba kwimeko ngokuwa Party lwamaNazi, kunye nemisebenzi yakhe zazaliseka ngonaphakade. Reichenau wabona ngezigaba stormtrooper ziya lisomelela, kwaye iinjengele yaseJamani elungiselela ukwenza nxamnye Rohm nanxamnye uHitler, wakhawuleza kangaka ukwenza isivumelwano Goering kunye Himmler, intloko yabaphathi-SS. Kwakhona abayi kuyinyamezela ngonaphakade-ukwanda ngamandla kwe-SA. Emva kokuxoxisana uHitler, abathathu wagqiba ukuba kule meko kukho enye kuphela ndlela yokuphuma - ukuba litshitshiswe stormtroopers ukumbulala Ernsta Rema.

CA kwisicwangciso impahla yayilungele akukho xesha. Of ukusebenza wanikwa igama "Night le-Long Iimela." Ngenxa yoko, le ebizwa ngokuba lokucoca yathinjwa wahlaba malunga 150 kamsinya iintloko CA. An into umdla kukuba umkhosi akazange athathe inxaxheba kweli dabi, njengoko wenza umyalelo ngqo: "! Musa ukuphazamisa" Kwaye apha, Walter von Reichenau kwakhona wenza indima yakhe eqhelekileyo umthunywa, kodwa ngoku phakathi SS kunye nomkhosi. Ukongeza, kwakusazeka ukuba nguye lowo wabonelela lwamaNazi namabutho izixhobo.

Promotion

Hitler weza amandla emva kokufa kaMongameli Hindenburg kaThixo. Yena ngoko nangoko ububhangisile sikhundla, yaye igama le Chancellor kunye uMlawuli we Wesithathu. Onke amajoni kunye namagosa ngokukhawuleza anikwe isifungo entsha, TeX lowo wabhala Reichenau. Ngaphambi koku, zonke emkhosini bazithoba lizwe kunye nabantu, kwaye ngoku ngesiqu ngawo uMlawuli. Le isifungo yamkelwa ngengozi, ngokuba engaphenduli ithuba amagosa aseJamani ukuba bathathe inxaxheba naliphi na iyelenqe nxamnye uHitler ngokwakhe.

Ebona oku ngentumekelelo, lo uMlawuli ehlotyeni ka-1935 yi Reichenau ukuya kutsho kwisikhundla uMajor General waza wammisela umthetheli-kwiNgingqi Military-7. Ngowe-1938, intloko yakhe owayesakuba Blomberg yasuswa kwisikhundla sokuba umphathi xa intloko Army. Kule meko, Reichenau kunye abafuni ukuyichukumisa nangomnwe lo ithile umphathi wakhe omdala, kuba ngokuhamba kwexesha kulindeleke ukuthatha iposi. Okwangoku, isithuba wanika WALTHER von Brauchitsch, lowo wayalela 4 Army Group.

Ndimele ndithi ukuba yayingafani kwabanye, ngenxa yokuba, ngokungafaniyo kubo, wayengekho zendawo, neselula. Yeyona iqela umkhosi 4 yaye waya kokungeniswa Reichenau. Akubuzwa ukuba kube luxanduva olukhulu; ke ijolise ezandleni zonke ulawulo ndadala imikhosi yaseJamani mobile, kwakunye ukuyilwa ezintsha. Ngoku division vehicles umthetho yi Guderian kunye Hoth, abade, WALTHER von Reichenau. Iinkokeli lwamaNazi ehlonelwa, kwaye ngebande elinye kunye nabo.

Ukuhlaselwa USSR

Kwelinye inqaku akunakwenzeka ukuba bachaze zonke uloyiso ezathi iphumelele ngokwemizi German mobile phantsi umyalelo Walter von Reichenau ekuqaleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Noko ke, kwiphulo lakhe lokugqibela yaba kukuhlasela eSoviet Union. nempi yakhe ngelo xesha uqambe 6 kwaye ngoku kwiqela wemikhosi "South" phantsi umyalelo Gerd von Rundstedt.

Njengoko yaziwa, Reichenau kunye umkhosi wakhe wathabatha inxaxheba kuthinjwe imisebenzi Kiev, eKharkov, Belgorod, Kursk. Ukongezelela, wabeka isandla sakhe okusingqongileyo kunye ukumiswa elandelayo yayibambiseke kuloo mgibe-mkhosi Soviet. Emva kotyando ayiphumelelanga e Moscow, Rundstedt kokuchithakala yaye zathathelwa indawo Reichenau, owaba nako ukumisa lohlaselo ebusika eentloko ezaxhobela Soviet aze ahlale kwizikhundla awayephantsi phakathi kunyaka ozayo.

Lokufa jikelele

Ngenye Januwari imini frosty ngo-1942, Jikelele Walter von Reichenau, njengesiqhelo, baya kuba emane kusasa. Kamva, xa zithe saa amagosa ', waqala wahlaselwa yintliziyo kakhulu ngenxa awathi andabikho zingqondweni. Yonke imigudu oogqirha ukumsindisa iintsuku ezintlanu, ibe nempumelelo, ngoko ngoJanuwari 17, kuye kwagqitywa ekubeni ukuthutha i Marshal e Leipzig-moya, kuqhina ukuba esitulweni.

Endleleni, lo moya lichaphazeleke kwingozi, kunye Reichenau, phakathi kwezinye izinto, yayilelona kabi ekhanda. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa Ngokuhlwa nangoku abalunikelwayo Leipzig moya, kodwa kwathi jikelele kunyaka-57 ubudala wamaNazi wayesele efile.

abonakale zembali

Ingaba indoda njani Walter von Reichenau? "Ezi ntshaba zomkhosi of Russia" - incwadi Borisa Frolova, apho wazama lokuphinda eni ngembali iinjengele abadumileyo Koloni balwa ngexesha nxamnye kwilizwe lethu. Ngokutsho kwakhe, yaba lisebenza, singagungqi, indoda zinegazi elibandayo kwaye ukhohlakele. yakhe izimele yaye izimvo zabo ngemiba emininzi yeqhinga ngokufuthi ndamcaphukisa Hitler.

It inkohlakalo ngokungenabulungisa ebonakaliswa ngokunxulumene kubemi eSoviet Union yashiya uphawu amnyama igama lakhe. ngonyango esiyintlekele amabanjwa emfazwe zamajoni, kwakunye inzondelelo nenkani kunye koko waphumeza umyalelo 'Kwi uMkomishinala "Hitler athethe ngokwabo. sisiqingatha kuphela unyaka ekufumaneni imikhosi yakhe ummandla waseUSSR, izandla zabo babulawa abemi Soviet malunga 1 yezigidi. iinjengele ezinjalo ezifana Reichenau kunye ezifana, ukumela ngokupheleleyo urhulumente kakhulu yingozi kwaye ngokungenalusini nto leyo Fascism.