Nagorno-Karabakh. Imbali kunye kakuhle eli ungquzulwano

Nagorno-Karabakh kwingingqi South Caucasus ubizwa ngokuba, yi ngokusemthethweni kummandla Azerbaijan. Ngexesha ukuwa Soviet kwavela kukumelana wamajoni, njengoko iingcambu Armenian na uninzi abahlali abahlala Nagorno-Karabakh. Kakuhle eli ungquzulwano kukuba Azerbaijan yenza kule ntsimi ngamabango ezisemthethweni, kodwa abantu kule ngingqi bayiqonda ngakumbi Armenia. May 12, 1994 Azerbaijan, Armenia kunye Nagorno Karabakh beqhuba lo protocol, isgqibo, ngenxa kwakhokelela mawabeke olungenamiqathango kummandla ephikisanayo.

ngezinto zezindlu zooyise

imithombo Armenian zembali zithi Artsakh (igama yakudala) bekutshiwo yokuqala BC ngenkulungwane VIII Ukuba sikholelwa le mithombo, i Nagorno-Karabakh yinxalenye neArmenia kwixesha of the Ages Aphakathi ekuqaleni. Ngenxa yoko, Turkey kunye Iran iimfazwe loloyiso kweli xesha yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye Armenia yaba phantsi kolawulo kula mazwe. izilawuli Armenian, nokuba zizilawuli, ngelo xesha ibekwe kwi kummandla mihla-Karabakh, walondoloza isimo semi-ezizimeleyo.

iinkolelo zam, Azerbaijan uthatha kulo mbandela. Ngokutsho Abaphandi zasekuhlaleni, Karabakh yenye mimandla ezindala zembali kweli lizwe. ILizwi e Azerbaijani "Karabakh" liguqulelwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: "gara" kuthetha abamnyama "bug" - egadini. Sele kwinkulungwane XVI, kunye namanye amaphondo Karabakh yaba yinxalenye Safavid karhulumente, emva koko yaba khanate elizimeleyo.

Nagorno-Karabakh ngexesha yoBukhosi Russian

Ngo-1805 i khanate Karabakh iye subordinated ku uBukhosi Russian, kwaye ngo-1813 yi iSivumelwano akafane kwi-Russian beza Nagorno-Karabakh. Emva koko, isivumelwano Turkmenchay kunye Isivumelwano e Edirne, zavelisa kunikwe kwakho Armenia eTurkey ne Iran, yaye ubeka nabo yemihlaba Northern Azerbaijan, kuquka Karabakh. Ngenxa yoko, inani kula mazwe yeyona imvelaphi kukhethwa Armenian.

Njengenxalenye yale USSR

Ngowe-1918, ulawulo Karabakh i ntsha Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan. Phantse ngaxeshanye, ubanga nxamnye Armenian Republic, kodwa ezi ADRs ibango kule ndawo ayisazi. Ngowe-1921, loo mmandla Nagorno-Karabakh kunye namalungelo Inkululeko ebanzi aqukiwe Azerbaijan SSR. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, yena ofumana ubume Karabakh Ukuzilawula Oblast (NKAO).

Ngowe-1988, iBhodi ye yamaSekela ye Nagorny bambongozayo abasemagunyeni ye-Azerbaijani SSR kunye Armenian SSR seeRiphablikhi kwaye uphakamisa ukudlulisela intsimi bebangisana Armenia. Esi sicelo zange sivunyiwe, ukuze imizi Nagorno-Karabakh AO kubuya loqhankqalazo. Imiboniso ubumbano olwenziwa nayo eArmenia.

declaration of ukuzimela

Ekwindla yokuqala 1991, xa eSoviet Union yayisele iqalile kuwa babodwa Nagorny Karabakh Ukuzilawula Region yamkela Declaration, leyo wavakalisa Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. Yaye ukongezelela Nagorno-Karabakh kumafa yayo yaba yinxalenye yommandla elalisakuba Azerbaijani SSR. Ngokutsho iziphumo zimvo, ebibanjwe ngomhla we-10 kuDisemba waloo nyaka bazibhala ngawo Nagorno-Karabakh, ngaphezulu kwama-99% yabantu wavotelwa ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo Azerbaijan.

Kucacile ukuba nabasemagunyeni Azerbaijan le lwezimvo ayibonwanga, kwaye isihlokomiso somthetho ngokwalo ezichongiweyo ngendlela engekho mthethweni. Ngaphezu koko, Baku wagqiba ukuvala iCandelo ukuzimela Karabakh, ekuthe ngalo kumaxesha Soviet. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo etshabalalisayo sele iqalisiwe.

Karabakh ingxabano

Kuba ukuzimela kwiriphabliki vo wema amajoni Armenian owayezama ukumelana Azerbaijan. Nagorno-Karabakh lifumene inkxaso evela Yerevan esemthethweni, kwakunye zaseDiaspora yesizwe kwamanye amazwe, ngoko ke umkhosi wamajoni yakwazi kukhusela mmandla. Noko ke, abasemagunyeni Azerbaijani wakwazi ukuba ukumisela ulawulo phezu kwiindawo ezininzi apho ekuqaleni zavakaliswa ngokuba yinxalenye NKR.

Ngalinye emacaleni alwayo kuzisa manani zalo ilahleko kwi ungquzulwano Karabakh. Ukuthelekisa ezi data, sinokugqiba ukuba iminyaka emithathu zinqoze wabulala abantu abazizigidi 15-25. Ababuleweyo babalwayo ubuncinane 25,000, ngaphezu kwama-100 amawaka amajoni banyanzelwa ukuba bashiye iindawo abahlala kuzo.

isisombululo soxolo

Uthethathethwano, apho amaqela baye bazama ukusombulula ingxabano ngoxolo, waqala phantse nangoko emva kokuzimela geqe lazisiwe NKR. Ngokomzekelo, ngoSeptemba 23, 1991 intlanganiso, eyayizinyaswe abongameli Azerbaijan, Armenia naseRashiya kunye Kazakhstan. Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1992 iqela OSCE yasekwa ukusombulula ingxabano Karabakh.

Nangona kwemizamo emihle uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe ukumisa igazi, sokuyeka-mlilo kuphela entwasahlobo ka-1994. Ngosuku lwesihlanu ngoMeyi ikomkhulu Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek Protocol satyikitywa, emva koko nxaxheba bayeka umlilo emva kweveki kuphela.

Amaqela ungquzulwano ukungabi nako bavumelane imo lokugqibela Nagorno Karabakh. Azerbaijan kufuna intlonipho ulongamo yayo kwaye unyanzelisa nokulondoloza isidima sayo sobummandla. Iimfuno self-abewamemeza republic likhusela Armenia. Nagorno Karabakh omela sesisombululo esinoxolo etshisa ibunzi, abasemagunyeni zeRiphabliki ziveza ukuba NKR unako ukuyimela inkululeko yayo.