I Suez ntlekele

Emva kwemfazwe (iMfazwe Yehlabathi II) kumgaqo-nkqubo yamazwe ngamazwe ye-USSR yenye yezona ndawo ibalulekileyo kunikwa kuMbindi Mpuma. amazwe Arab ziye zafumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo uncedo - kwaye emkhosini, yaye yokuziphatha, kunye nezopolitiko.

Suez Intlekele eyehlele i-1956 yaba uvavanyo lokuqala yokuqina yempembelelo yiSoviet kuMbindi Mpuma.

ESoviet Union kubonelelwa izixhobo zomkhosi, izixhobo, iingcali ukuthumela kunye nabacebisi zomkhosi kweli lizwe, nenokuthi (mhlawumbi) ukuba bathathe inxaxheba abonane yasemkhosini.

Phantsi kolawulo lwaseBritani okunene phakathi 1950 sahlala eYiputa. Ngowe-1951, urhulumente waseYiputa siphelise esi sivumelwano phantsi apho lizwe ithumele amajoni British. Noko ke, eBritani akazange nje kubakhokelela, kodwa ukwandisa amandla abo. Ukuphendula, eli lizwe kwabanjwa uqhankqalazo nxamnye abahlaseli British baqalisa impi yokulwela.

Ngowe-1952, 23 Julayi, i-ungquzulwano eYiputa yaba revolution. Colonel Nasser, intloko umbutho wezopolitiko "amaGosa Free" wazibhukuqa ukumkani wavakalisa ilizwe republic.

Lo mgaqo-nkqubo kulandelwa ngurhulumente omtsha nangakumbi ngokuphawulekayo ubudlelane neBritani noSirayeli. Britain, efuna ukwandisa ubukho yomkhosi eYiputa, Nasser asayina isivumelwano kwi ukurhoxiswa imikhosi iinyanga ezimashumi mabini, ukutshintshwa ufakelo zomkhosi urhulumente zaseYiputa. Ngowe-1955 oko kwasekwa i-Baghdad Pact kunye inxaxheba Iran, Iraq, Turkey, iBritani, Pakistan. Egypt wayekwakhona wamenywa ukuba ajoyine. Noko ke, m wala.

KuMbindi Mpuma imeko nzima ngakumbi. Sirayeli, kwakunye angamalungu le Baghdad Pact baba bume engentle emehlweni laseYiputa. Western inkqubo yobukoloniyali yaphela. Oku kungqinwa kukuzuza geqe Morocco, Tunisia, Sudan, Syria. E Algeria, wegqitha i-National Liberation War. Ngelo xesha thina ukudala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zophuhliso kule ndawo yempembelelo Soviet. Oku, kuphakamisa iinkxalabo malunga NATO.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izinto eziye phantsi emhlabeni. Inyaniso yokuba naser ngo-1955, icele uncedo kumazwe aseNtshona. Egypt wacela uncedo emkhosini, kodwa wala. Ngokuphathelele oku, Nasser wajika eSoviet Union. ESoviet Union akazange akwavuma eYiputa. Esebenzisa Czechoslovakia ngasese asekelwe intengiso izixhobo Russian.

inkxalabo Koloni iye yenyuka. Abazange ufuna phambi yiSoviet Union kuMbindi Mpuma. UMongameli Eisenhower wathembisa ukunika uncedo lwezimali Nasser ekwakhiweni kweDama Aswan. Kodwa emva kokuba umongameli yaseYiputa baqalisa kuthengwa izixhobo ukusuka Czechoslovak Socialist Republic yaye kwasekwa ubudlelane bezozakuzo kunye ne-China, urhulumente US wenqaba yayo. Ngenxa yoko, Nasser wazifumana kwimeko ithemba, njengoko le projekthi kuxhokonxa ekuweni yeengxaki kwezoqoqosho kweli lizwe. Ukuhlola meko, umongameli waseYiputa oye amanyathelo kakhulu. Nasser wagqiba zokuvelisa phantsi kwesizwe Suez Canal. Ngowe-1956, ngoJulayi 26, uMongameli kwaziswa rally ozukileyo ukuba iinzuzo evela phantsi kwesizwe kule mali iya usinge ekwakhiweni kweDama Aswan. Ukususela ngoko waqalisa ukuphuhlisa ngenkuthalo le ntlekele Suez.

umsebenzi Economic Nasser, bephethe uhlobo olululo, kuthwalelwa phandle ngokuchasene nentsukaphi -nkqubo zomkhosi ye ngumongameli zaseYiputa. Nasser wafumana inkxaso emkhosini, waqalisa ukuba ibango ekuhleni ukhokelo kuMbindi Mpuma. Phakathi ka 1956 kunye nenkxaso kwasekwa umyalelo ohlangeneyo abendlu ka-Aram, Jordan neYiputa. Yaqala kuxhobela imfazwe noSirayeli.

E Suez crisis aggravates. zaye izenzo Nasser kaThixo abachaphazelekayo eParis London. Ngelo xesha uqale ukuthatha i kokuvakaliswa ngendlela ebonakalayo amagwebu, ezi amazwe akakwazi, njengoko ayizange ivumelane Melika.

Ngenxa yoko, ukuba iphuhlise isicwangciso ngasese. kubume bayo usendleleni yokuba amajoni bakwaSirayeli ahlasela ummandla waseYiputa. London ne Paris iya kwenzelwa ukuba ziphele eyaqala ngawo. Ukuba ubuncinane omnye amaqela uyala, imikhosi encedisayo (British ne French) liya kuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko Suez Canal. Oko laqala ukulungiselela nokwenza ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo emva kokuvunywa kwesicwangciso.

Lihlaselwe ngo-1965, ngomhla we-29 Oktobha. NgoNovemba 5th yonke ilawulwa umkhosi wakwaSirayeli yeSinayi Peninsula. Koko kwaqala esebenzayo, bombardments, emhlabeni.

Misa i ntlekele Suez akwazi USSR. November 5, urhulumente waseSoviet wayethumele zocingo iNkulumbuso kaSirayeli, France kunye England. Baya walatha into yokuba imfazwe nxamnye Nasser ungaya kwi World Okwesithathu, leyo iyakusetyenziswa yaye "rocketry". Ngoko ke, i eSoviet Union akazange kulawula naziphi na amandla ukusombulula imbambano. ESoviet Union wayekulungele ukuya amanyathelo kakhulu ukwenzela ukuphelisa le ngxaki Suez.

Ngenxa yoko, 8 Novemba yonke imisebenzi wamajoni samiswa.