Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich - cosmonaut, Hero eSoviet Union

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich, ogama engobomi ichazwe kweli nqaku - cosmonaut, Colonel. Waba alimwi "Soyuz-11," yaye Orbital station "Salyut".

usapho

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich (nentsapho yakhe babehlala e Odessa) wazalelwa June 1, 1928 yena umntakwabo Alexander. Bawo Timofei Trofimovich, washiya intsapho ngowe-1930, esebenza njengentloko counterintelligence. Umhlala ukusuka kwinkonzo ngowe-1957, unina kaGeorge, Maria A., ukukhulisa abantwana wedwa. Akukho mali yaneleyo, waza wathabatha part-time umsebenzi evenkileni wokucoca. Wandula wazinza umthengisi zokudubula School. UMzalwan 'Alexander wazalwa ngo-1946 Usebenze umkhandi kwizithuthi trawl.

ebuntwaneni

Childhood George Timofeevich waya ukwemba imisele kwaye uthandana nomntu abalwa longxwelerhiweyo. Wazama ukungena leqela ngokunomkhethe, kodwa akazange athathe, ngenxa yokuba usemncinci. Emva koko, kunye nabahlobo bakhe, ezifana abantu abaselula, bagqiba ukuqokelela zalo. Safumana ezinye izixhobo. Oomashini guys wangcwatyelwa emhlabeni, pistols kunye neziqhushumbisi bazishiye ekhaya izinto zexabiso.

Kodwa zilandelelwe phantsi. Ngu Dobrovolsky ephanga ngebhaqo ngamapolisa kunye kwesigunyaziso sokusetsha waza wafumana izixhobo. George wabanjwa waza wagwetywa iminyaka engama-25 entolongweni. Ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba nkqu ngexesha nxaniso zange unike umhlobo enye. Kwaye ukuba nomvuzo, akuba amalungiselelo ukusithela. Kwaye ngaphantsi kwenyanga emva koko Odessa akhululwa evela amaJamani amabutho yiSoviet.

ukubunjwa

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich waphumelela 6 kwibakala kwisikolo aphakathi e Odessa. Emva koko, ngo-1941, imfazwe, kwaye phando ukuphazamisa okwexeshana. Ngowe-1944, uGeorge T. kuqala ngempumelelo iimviwo ukulungiselela iiklasi 7 no-8 waza wajoyina i-9, ngoko yadluliselwa Air Force Special School. Yena isidanga ngo-1946 wangena emkhosini Chuguyivske aviauchilische kwiminyaka emibini kamva. Emva kokuba ephumelele, ngowe-1950, wafumana uvumo karma pilot bolwesibini udidi.

Oku kwaqala inkonzo eSoviet Air Force. Dobrovolsky adibanisa ngayo kunye nemfundo. Wafunda kwiYunivesithi Marxism-noLenin. Waphumelela kwisikolo esiphakamileyo ngo-1952 ngoko Gregory T. wangena Air Force Academy (ngoku Ibbaibbele kubo. Gagarin) ukulungiselela ukufunda. Wayigqiba, Uzityhila elithile umyalelo-kunye nabasebenzi.

Bakhonze umkhosi

Ukususela ngo-1950, Dobrovolsky wakhonza umqhubi kuqala elula. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, waba esiphezulu. Waye wabhalisa kwi-965 webutho 123rd Fighter Air Defense Division. Ngowe-1952 engena 71 th Fighter Air lweSizwe. Ukususela ngo-1955, George T. wamiselwa namasekela umphathi butho imicimbi yezopolitiko, yaye ekwindla kunyaka omnye - ngqwayi. Ngowe-1960 wamiselwa co-umqhubi kunye nesekela. Butho alimwi. Emva konyaka wamiselwa intloko yesebe kwezopolitiko. Ngowe-1962, Dobrovolskiy Georgiy Timofeevich wabetha izintlu ngqwayi ezona links moya.

Education on usomajukujuku

Ngowe-1962, emva kokuphumelela Air Force Academy, Dobrovolsky ibikade zonyango zeemviwo aviagospitale Central Research. uthumo Medical nyaka--ubudala wavumela Zatsepin emajukujukwini. Emva konyaka wajoyina kwizintlu oosomajukujuku.

NgoJanuwari 1963, umfundi lowo ababhaliswe MSC yokuqala. Emva kweminyaka emibini yazenzela uqeqesho olulodwa isithuba jikelele. Phakathi-Januwari 1965 George T. ngempumelelo iziqinisekiso ngusomajukujuku Air Force kunye neentsuku ezilishumi kamva waba ngusomajukujuku kwi squad yesibini.

Ukususela ekuqaleni ekwindla 1966 Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich waqeqeshwa qela. Uqeqesho lwaqhutywa phantsi kwisiphekepheke inkqubo flyby "Soyuz 7K-L1" kwenyanga. Ukususela ngowe-1967 ukuya 1968. Amalungiselelo kwendiza emajukujukwini yathatha iinkqubo ezizodwa "Diamond". Ngowe-1971 wabhalisa kule program flight "Bulisani" ngenyanga. George T. kunye nokulungiselela nesithuba ngqwayi, endaweni naye xa kuyimfuneko. Kulo mzekelo, Dobrovolsky yakwazi iphinda cosmonaut crew "Soyuz-11". Eli qela kwakukho potter kunye V. Patsaev.

Eli qela of "Soyuz-11"

Eli qela of "Union-11" kwabunjwa ngokuthe ngcembe. Ekupheleni kuka-1960 labhabha emajukujukwini abantu ababini kuphela ngexesha elifanayo. Kodwa baseMelika okokuqala nje ezintathu. ESoviet Union ugqibe ukuba lag ngasemva, waza waqalisa ukuya kuthabatha crew abantu 3. Oluphambili kuquka Leonov, V.Kubasov kunye P. Kolodin. I-backup - Dobrovolsky, inkwenkwe kunye ingcuka.

I-moya yokuqala neyokugqibela Dobrowolski

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich, ogama umkakhe wamzalela iintombi ezimbini, waya kukhonza lokhokho. NgoJuni 4, 1971 intlanganiso weKomishoni kaRhulumente. Eli qela ezingundoqo "Union-11" ithathelwe indawo nesinye. Isizathu - zicinywe emiphungeni ze V. Kubasova. Wayalela ukuba abasebenzi Georgy Dobrovolsky. Juni 6, 1971 "Soyuz-11" kunye oosomajukujuku ezintathu yaqaliswa ngo 7:55 kusasa ngexesha eMoscow.

Ngosuku olulandelayo, ukuba inqanawe ngokukhuselekileyo enkantolo kunye kwisikhululo isithuba. Ngoko kuqala kwakukho isikhululo uphando swi ehlabathini. Dobrovolsky crew wenza isixa esikhulu somsebenzi novavanyo lweenkqubo zesikhululo kwaye baqhuba izifundo ezininzi kunye imifuniselo. Bavula amathuba ezinkulu geography, meteorology nokwakhiwa komhlaba, kwakunye izibonelelo zophando olwandle yoMhlaba kunye nohlaza yayo.

Lo moya yathatha iintsuku 23. 18 ngeyure. imiz 21. kunye 43 umzuzwana. Ke kwakukho ingozi engalindelekanga ezibuhlungu wabulala onke amalungu hambo. Ngexesha ukubuya inqanawa kwisikhululo nendawo eMhlabeni oosomajukujuku yokuqala udibaniso. Xa "Soyuz-11" yawela ukusuka moya kwafuneka ukuba umzimba engenabomi.

kungekudala Oogqirha bazimisela unobangela wokufa - stop intliziyo. Ngaphezu koko, zontathu kwangoko. Ukuze siqonde izizathu kamva. Kwaye ngoko nangoko iqela ngokumphefumlela wazama ukubuyela oosomajukujuku ebomini. ngakumbi ukuba iqondo lobushushu umzimba eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ke intliziyo kwaye ndayizuza.

Unobangela yokufa kwafunyanwa kamva ngaye yonke ezama 'ibhokisi elimnyama ". Kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba kwintaba ephakame km 150 kwenzeka depressurization. Uxinzelelo yaqala ukuna kakhulu, yaye phantse zero emva kwemizuzwana engama-40. imizuzu 43 emva kokuba depressurization yesibini zonke zontathu oosomajukujuku ngaxeshanye wayeka intliziyo.

Ngokutsho data ezisemthethweni, unobangela - ukuvulwa mbilini ukupholisa vana. Imposiso eyafunyanwa kuyilo baxhomekeka. Installers imicu kuyo, izivingco ibhola, endaweni ezifunwayo kg amandla 90 - yonke 60 65 kg. Ngenxa yoko, kwakukho ukuqalelisa olukhulu uzenzele kwemithambo. Kwaye abazange ukumelana uxinzelelo kwaye crumbled. Inqanawa kwakhiwa umngxuma sangqa-20 mm. Oosomajukujuku kuqala andabikho zingqondweni kwi-owuva ye-23 yesibini. Kwaye kakade ngoko zayeka iintliziyo zabo.

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich. ubomi Personal: umfazi nabantwana bakhe

George T. wayetshate ku Lyudmila Timofyevna. Wayesebenza njengomfundisi. E-George nase Ludmila wayeneentombi ezimbini. Okokuqala, uMarina, usasebenza kwi MSU. Oku - umfundisi IsiNgesi. Intombi yesibini - UNatalia.

Izihloko namabhaso

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich wafumana itayitile Hero kunye cosmonaut yiSoviet ngo-1971, kodwa emva kokufa kwakhe. Yena wawongwa "Gold Star" yaye "Kuba Ukugqwesa Military" kunye Order of Lenin. Ebudeni inkonzo Georgii Timofeevich sisisiwa iimbasa ezisixhenxe ngomnyaka wentlokoma. Ukususela ngowe-1972 ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje kwi ukhuphiswano kwi trampolining wadlala indebe Dobrovolsky. uthuthu lakhe agcinwe eludongeni yesicelo.