Andes Iintaba: inkcazelo, iifoto. Ukuphakama Andes

Copper Mountain - ngoko Inca ebizwa intaba elide emhlabeni. Sithetha kwiAltiplano Cordillera, yaziwa sithi Andes. Le zokhahlamba ubude ayinakuze ithelekiswe nayiphi na ekhoyo emhlabeni. ubude Andes imalunga 9000 km. Bona sivela kuLwandle zeCaribbean kufika Tierra del Fuego.

Ububanzi kunye ukuphakama Andes

Aconcagua (eliboniswe ngezantsi) - ephakeme kunazo kwi Andes Cordillera. Andes height ngeli nqanaba kweemitha 6962. Aconcagua use Argentina. Ngawaphi ukuphakama lubalaseleyo? I Andes iqela encopho ezinkulu. Phakathi kwabo, kufanele kuphawulwe intaba Ritacuba Blanco (5493 meters), El Libertador (6720 meters), Huascaran (6768 meters), Mercedario (6770 m), kunye nabanye. Kukho ezinye iindawo apho entabeni ububanzi ukuya km 500. Ngokumalunga ububanzi abo, kuba malunga 750 km. Inxalenye enkulu kubo ithatha ihewu Pune ukuba ikhephu umgca eliphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo efikelela 6500 m. Ubude umndilili Andes nama-4000 m.

Age of the Andes kunye nemfundo yabo

Ngokutsho kweengcali, ezi ziintaba besebancinane. million eminyaka eyadlulayo, kwakukho yagqitywa inkqubo yokwakha yentaba. Nokuba kwixesha Precambrian, kwaqalisa ukuvela lweentsalela. ke iindawo izwe laqala avele kwisayithi ye ulwandlekazi. Ummandla apho Andes Cordillera mihla, kangangexesha elide kwaba ulwandle, umhlaba, kwaye ukuphakama Andes kutshintshwe kakhulu. Chain ntaba sele sigqityiwe lasungulwa emva kokususa rocks. ezibayeni Huge, equka ilitye, wadlulela i ubude umxhelo ngenxa yale nkqubo. Hi ndlela leyi, le nkqubo ayikagqitywa. Uyaqhubeka ngexesha lethu. Xa Andes maxa wambi kwenzeka mlilo kunye neenyikima.

Rivers ezivela kwi Andes

Le ntaba emide umhlaba kwangalaa mlinganiselo mnye ngexesha kuthathwa ukuba yomlambo kwelikhulu interoceanic. Yayingeyiyo Amazon imvelaphi yayo ngqo kwi Andes Cordillera, kwakunye nemingenela yawo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i Andes baqale omlambo lwamazwe amakhulu imilambo yaseMzantsi Melika: Paraguay, Orinoco kunye Paraná. Kuba mpumalanga ezintabeni isithintelo zemozulu, oko kukuthi, iyasikhusela ilizwe ukusuka entshonalanga kwimiphumo i-Atlantic Ocean, kwaye ukusuka empuma - kwimpembelelo i-Pacific Ocean.

ukukhululeka

I Andes ukuba ubukhulu becala, akumangalisi ukuba nemimandla zezulu ezintandathu. Ngokungafaniyo Southern kumathambeka esentshona imvula enkulu. Lufikelela amawaka 10. Mm. Ngenxa yoko, loo iyahluka kakhulu, hayi kuphela ukuphakama Andes, kodwa landscape zabo.

Andes Cordillera of isiqabu wahlulwe kwimimandla emithathu: Central, Northern kunye Southern Andes. ukuqanda Root zingacalulani nemilambo Cordillera ezifana Magdalena kunye Cauca. Kukho mlilo ezininzi. Omnye wabo, wil ifikelela 5750 m. Enye, Ruiz, liphuma ku 5400 m. Mlilo Cumbal, ngoku ke ngoku ufikelela umphakamo ka 4890 m. Andes yase enxulumene Northern ziquka chain mlilo kuphawulwa mlilo aphezulu. Chimborazo iyodwa ixabisa - liphuma ku 6267 Cotopaxi m ubude hayi ngaphantsi kakhulu - .. 5896 m Ingongoma eliphezulu le yase Andes Huascaran - 6769 m ubude elililo yentaba. Southern Andes yahlulwa kwi Chilean-Argentina i and toothfish. Ingongoma eliphezulu le nxalenye - Tupungato (malunga 6800 meters) kunye Medsedario (6770 m). Amathandathu, anamakhulu iimitha ukuya kumgca ikhephu apha.

mlilo llullaillaco

Lo mlilo esebenzayo umdla kakhulu kwi kumda Argentina kunye Chile. Ku fanele ku Andes (Cordillera Occidental intaba uluhlu). Lo mlilo ibekwe kwi Atacama entlango, leyo yenye yeendawo lawona kule planethi. Ubude elililo Andes kwi llullaillaco mlilo kweemitha 6739. Yeyona eliphezulu onke amanyathelo. Kule ndawo yalo mlilo abayinqobo kakhulu Andes Iintaba. ukuphakama Relative kwayo ukuya ku 2.5 km. Kwi kwithambeka ntshona mlilo, umgca ikhephu i mkhulu kuno 6.5 thous. M, leyo yeyona iphezulu indawo yayo emhlabeni.

Atacama, entlango

Kule ndawo ingaqhelekanga, kukho iindawo apho akazange imvula. Atacama Intlango - indawo lawona on Earth. Isibakala sokuba imvula akakwazi ukufumana phezu kwe kummango, ngoko Ivuze phezu kwelinye icala zeentaba. Sand kule ntlango unabela ekweleenjiko ukuba amawaka eekhilomitha. inkungu Cold liphuma elwandle - yiyo kuphela amanzi zezityalo zendawo.

Glacier San Rafael

Enye indawo umdla, leyo angathanda ukuba ndithi kuni - oku glacier San Rafael. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba apha ngasezantsi Alpine Cordillera, apho kubanda kakhulu. Ngelo xesha lithile oovulindlela wothuka kakhulu, ukususela kwi ngama efanayo kumntla ikhweyitha ke kumazantsi eFransi yaseVenice, kwaye apha bafumana glacier San Rafael. Yena ihamba stesyvaya kunye nasemaxandekeni, iincopho apho ngokuhamba kwexesha baba libukhali kwaye ayanyuka. Kuphela ngo-1962 yafunyanwa umthombo wayo. sheet Ice ubungakanani ingxilimbela lwentaba- ummandla lonke.

uhlaza

Andes yindawo ekhethekileyo kwi planethi, hayi nje kuphela ngenxa yokhuphiswano amaxabiso yayintle, ezo ububanzi kunye ezintlomeni zeentaba. I Andes ke sithi ndijonge kakhulu. Kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo na incasa yayo. Xa Andes eVenezuela, umzekelo, kwimihlaba ezibomvu kukhula amatyholo kunye namahlathi avuthulukayo. Equatorial namahlathi emvula yokuzunguleza kumathambeka asezantsi Northwest ukuya Central Andes. Apha kukho iibhanana, izityalo irabha, umthi ekoko, imithi, imidiliya ngoqalo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho isithuba enamatye yaye zingasaphili, kunye oluninzi amadobo moss. Kwiindawo apho ukuphakama umndilili Andes ngaphezulu kwe 4500 m, ummandla lomkhenkce obungunaphakade nekhephu. Andes Cordillera eyaziwa ngokuba khona cinchona, coca, tomato, itapile kunye necuba.

jikelele silwane

Izilwanyana ezi zintaba akukho ngaphantsi umdla. Ulikhaya iillama, alpacas, Cebidae, Pudu amaxhama, vicuna, ibhere spectacled, iimpungutye blue, sloths, iingcungcu, chinchillas. Zonke ezi zilwanyana ingafunyanwa abemi belizwe lethu kuphela zoo kuphela.

Enye iimpawu Andes kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo iintlobo zamasele (malunga 900). Ezintabeni, ohlala malunga 600 entlobo ezanyisayo, ngokunjalo malunga namawaka amabini iintlobo zeentaka. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentlanzi yamanzi nazo olukhulu. Imilambo zasekuhlaleni, kukho malunga nama-400 iintlobo.

Tourism and bendawo abahlali

Andes Cordillera, ngaphandle iindawo ezinzima ekude yaye kwikona ye indalo. Bendawo baphathwa apha phantse zonke isiqwenga somhlaba. Noko ke, endleleni eya Andes abakhenkethi ezininzi lithetha "ngenyameko" ixesha lethu. Kangangeenkulungwane, ezi iindawo ahlale yokuphila lingatshintshanga evumela abakhenkethi ukuba uziva ngaphambili.

Abahambi ngeenyawo ngemikhondo zamandulo Indian, leyo, Noko ke, maxa wambi kufuneka ayeke, ukuze ukutsiba ugxuba guanacos, iigusha okanye iibhokhwe phambili. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba zingaphi izihlandlo ndifumana batyelela ezi zintaba, uhlobo kwezi ndawo basoloko ibangel 'umdla. Iintlanganiso nabahlali balapha nazo ekhumbulekayo. indlela yabo yokuphila Lunyawukile kwesiqhelo. Odaka kwezi ndawo zakhelwe ngezitena ekrwada. Abantu balapha baye ngaphandle kombane. Ukuze ufumane amanzi, ukuba zithunyelwa ichwetyana ekufuphi.

Ukuhanjwa - yanyukela ayikho ngengqiqo eliqhelekileyo ilizwi. Kunoko, uhamba phezulu migudu exandekeni. Noko ke, kufuneka benze abantu uphilile kwaye baqeqeshwe kakuhle kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa.