Ibhere american ezimnyama (kukuthwala black): inkcazelo, inkangeleko, iimpawu, indawo yokuhlala kunye umdla facts

Kumaxesha amandulo olu hlobo bear kwakuxhaphakile kummandla mihla Europe, kodwa kunokuba ngokukhawuleza zatshatyalaliswa, yaye namhlanje zasendle kumazwe aseYurophu alifumaneki. Le bhere American emnyama (okanye ibhere abamnyama) yahlukile lo mfo angenzi? Yintoni na imikhwa yembonakalo yabo? Le ezininzi mibuzo neminye siza kuphendula kamva kweli nqaku.

ukwanda

Black bhere amnyama American de kutshanje imiwe nakumahlathi namathafa nakuMntla Melika. Kodwa ke inkoliso yabantu yaphela nya okanye bashiya umntu ukusuka United States empuma nemimandla emzantsi-mpuma. Ngu ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane xxi, inani yezi zilwanyana ayidluli amawaka 200. Uninzi uluhlu abamnyama kuzala izabelo amnyama American nge Grizzly.

Umda esi silwanyana kuphela yayihamba ezisezintabeni ezisuka kwiimitha 900 ukuya kuma- 3000 ngentla komgangatho wolwandle. American amnyama - bear, ngoku uhlala e Canada amathathu anesibini US States. soku yaye zibhalwe eMexico.

Njengomgaqo, ukhetha zihlala emahlathini kwaye kwiindawo hayi ezinabantu kakhulu abantu ngabantu. E Canada, ibhere abamnyama baseMelika (bear) ithatha inxalenye enkulu kuluhlu zayo zembali. Ayisebenzisi kuphela kwiindawo ze kumathafa esembindini, ezo ngenkuthalo ukuphuhlisa ezolimo. Nangona ngamaxesha athile kwaye uza kungena kule ndawo.

ibhere american ezimnyama (amnyama): imbonakalo

Esi silwanyana, ngokungafaniyo kunezixhobo ezinkulu, i medium ubukhulu. Le isicheme kulinganiselwe wakhomba, ukuphakama, kunye neenzipho elide kakhulu. Ingubo bufutshane kwaye egudileyo. Kaninzi ngezantsi nje umqala kuyenzeka ukubona omhlophe, omdaka ukukhanya okanye amabala beige. Iindlebe zinkulu, avulekela ngaphandle. Nangona ufana kancinane ukuya Grizzly, American amnyama - njengebhere akanalo igxalaba elisemqolo ngaphambili.

ubude animal umzimba 1.5 m, ubude nomsila - malunga omnye imitha, ubude indlebe - 80 mm. ibhere Black buyela avareji 135 kg, nangona ebhalwe ngokusemthethweni iimeko xa abanye abantu zafikelela ubunzima kakhulu aphezulu (250 kg). Amabhinqa akamelwanga malunga encane yesithathu ngaphezu into eyindoda.

okulindeleke kule eziphilayo, ngokutsho abaphandi, malunga namashumi amabini anesihlanu eminyaka, nangona abameli balo onge Zinokuphila zide zibe neminyaka elishumi. Oku kungenxa iimeko zokusingqongileyo nokuzingela. Ngaphezu kwama-90% yokufa kwi ubudala amnyama American emva kweenyanga ezili-18 ngendlela enye okanye omnye ezinxulumene intlanganiso umntu - ipali abazingeli okanye nabazingeli, iingozi zemoto, etc ...

umbala

ibhere abamnyama baseMelika, inkcazelo apho zifumaneka kule ncwadi zasendle, njengoko umthetho, abe omnyama, uboya maxa wambi omnyama-mdaka. Okungaqhelekanga kuphela ekupheleni isicheme elinombala yellow luthuthu. Noko ke, nkqu nkunkuma inye azalwe uvelisa brown itshokolethi oluhlaza-emnyama.

Ngokuqhelekileyo omdaka nombala yezilwanyana abaselula. American amnyama - nebhere ubukhulu ungaphantsi kakhulu loo mfo brown, kodwa olu hlobo ayikho ngaphantsi kuye ezahlukeneyo umbala. Ukongeza abamnyama okanye omnyama-mdaka, kunxweme olusentshona eUnited States kukho amalungu ukukhanya omdaka lweentlobo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo Alaska zesilivere-blue uboya (Glacier Bears), izilwanyana ezihlala kwi siqithi Gribbel, kufuneka ingubo emhlophe. Kodwa zonke iintlobo inomsebenzisi ekhethekileyo - isiphelo ukukhanya-emthubi le isicheme.

Apho ithwala abamnyama baseMelika

amabhere Black bazive bekhululekile kwiindawo ezidibanisa amahlathi kunye amadlelo. Abalungele ezi ahlala ngamahlathi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo weminoti, kunye neziqhamo. On glades ezincinane elanga ezi zilwanyana bafumane ukutya kwabo. Imigxobhozo, nezihlambo banika ukutya amanzi futhi yezityalo, yaye yoba yimijelo, yimisinga ezincinane kwindawo enehlathi kummandla - okusela amanzi. Ukongeza, ukuba zisetyenziswa yi angenzi liphole nobushushu ehlotyeni.

Dipper nenzala abaselula ufuna imithi ezinkulu, kunye ubukhulu babo umphanda kufuneka ubuncinane-50 cm. Le ixolo kufuneka exabe (umzekelo, pine abamhlophe). Le mithi leyo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu kulawula kancinane, abo bafunda nje ugwencele, kwaye yeyona ndawo kakhulu ngokulungiselela yokuhlala.

Ngaba abamnyama baseMelika athwale iintshaba?

Ewe, kwaye zininzi. American amnyama - njengebhere ayisebenzisi iindawo ezivulekileyo ngenxa yokoyika yokuhlasela amabhere ezinkulu kwaye zinamandla ngakumbi brown. Yiyo ke loo nto umbona ukhetha ukuhlala kwiindawo emathafeni. iingcuka Grey, coyotes, cougars badla ngokuxhaphaza amathole. Ukanti uninzi baribalov kwabafileyo - izilwanyana abadala, yaye ebulala abantu babo.

ukudla

American amnyama - ibhere kakhulu oneentloni, ungalwi kunye zezitya konke. Xa ukutya oko nepriveredliv ngokupheleleyo kwaye engabonakaliyo. Ikakhulu zayidla kwisityalo ukutya, kombungu kunye nezinambuzane. amabhere Black ayikwazi kuqwalaselwa abaxhaphaza esebenzayo: izilwanyana ezininzi ezinomqolo, ziphele kuphela ngohlobo ukuwa. Nangona kunjalo, lo ibhere abamnyama baseMelika akayi kubalahla iimpuku amancinci: beaver, imivundla, unako ukumelana nezamaxhamakazi encinane.

ibhere abamnyama baseMelika esidla ukutya kangangoko unako ukubamba esiswini sakhe. Emva koko waya kulala, bamvusa phezulu baphinde zikhangela ukutya. Kuxhomekeka lonyaka, ukuya ku 80-95% yokudla bayo wokutya kwezityalo. Entwasahlobo (Apreli-Meyi), ibhere abamnyama baseMelika ikakhulu utya imifuno. NgoJuni, ukutya liba ezahlukeneyo isuntswana ngakumbi: kukho izinambuzane, kombungu kunye neembovane, niyise regales ekwindla namaqunube, amakhowa kunye imbewu.

Xa kwezinye imilambo Alaska kunye Canada ukuze unkcenkceshele ukufuna zidala salmon, amabhere abamnyama ubuthe kunxweme kwaye iintlanzi emanzini. Noxa kunjalo, ukuwa kuba ibhere abamnyama baseMelika - Sikwithuba elibaluleke kakhulu. Ngelo xesha, ukuba kuyimfuneko Stock up ngenqatha ebusika. Oku kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo ukuba iimazi, ngoxa ebusika, ukuba ndimanyise inzala. Iivenkile Amafutha amabhere abamnyama ebuhlungu ngenxa yokuba ukutya eninzi yeziqhamo, neenkozo zepistasi, imbewu.

American amnyama: yokuzala

Ngoko nangoko emva uvuka kulala iqabane baribaly. Kuthatha indawo ngoMeyi-Julayi. Pregnancy ihlala phezulu ukuya iintsuku ezimakhulu mabini anamanci mabini. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ukukhulelwa of amabhere buya ngoko nangoko, kodwa kuphela kokwindla. Kwaye kuphela ukuba sele efunde anenani elifunekayo ngamanqatha. Enye into enika umdla: i Lithole ibhere ezimbini okanye ezintathu ezelwe ebusika, ngexesha xa unina ikhawuleza kakhulu ubuthongo.

Abantwana bazalwa enobunzima ngaphantsi kwe 450 grams. Befumana indlela yabo lubisi kutyetyiswa nobubele, kwaye entwasahlobo sobunzima yabo sele ukuya ku-5 kg. Amathole yonke ukulandela unina wayo, emke kuyo izifundo bonke izihlandlo. Bathi bangasalisi nto kuyo kude kunyaka olandelayo, xa kufika ixesha lokukhwela elandelayo.

indlela yokuphila

Black Bear - into ebona omkhulu, oko ngokugqibeleleyo nokukhwela imithi, kude kuse ebudaleni ikwandim kakhulu. Oku izilwanyana ukulumkele ingqiqo eziphuhlileyo kakhulu ivumba, ezindlebeni ezizodwa. Ebusuku, zikhangela ukutya okanye iqabane ngesondo, baribaly ukuwela imigama emide:

• izilwanyana abancinane ngeminyaka - 1,6 km;
• nhloko - 12 km;
• iimazi abadala - km 9.

Esiphezulu esibhalwe Ubude uhambo lwamihla malunga 200 km.

ibhere abamnyama baseMelika zibaliwe ummango okanye kwindawo tyaba, nokukhawulezisa-55 km / h. Ezi izilwanyana nazo neendadi kakhulu elungileyo kuqubha amanzi ubuncinane 2.5 km.

amabhere Black ukhetha eyondlayo ekuseni okanye ngokuhlwa xa ekufudumaleni kwemini kudambe. Noko ke, abanye olusebenzayo ebusuku. Baye bazame ukuphepha amava kunye nabanye amabhere kunye nabantu. Ubuchopho lebhere abamnyama kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa enkulu nomzimba. Le silwanyana ine memory ebalaseleyo. Kucingwa omnye ezanyisayo kakhulu ezikrelekrele.

Abasebenzi of the National Reserve kwiphondo Georgia bathi amabhere abamnyama xa baqweqwediswa ngenxa kwemvume ezihlekisayo ngaphandle Reserve, ziphathe ngokumangalisayo unekhono. Ayabaleka nalo epakini waze ukunika abasebenzi ukuba ukulungisa kunye namafama enomsindo, yaye ngokwabo ngeli xesha, wayehambahamba ngokuzolileyo ecaleni komda park le.

Kwaye ekugqibeleni, ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla:

• Black ibhere - uphawu ethandwayo imbali. Kumazwe amaninzi, umfanekiso wakhe isetyenziswa ingubo lwesizwe eJamani, Poland, Czech Republic, eRashiya.
• London Beefeaters - yayingeyiyo British Queen kaThixo Guard - sinxibe iminqwazi eliphezulu uboya baribalov waseKhanada.
• ibhere abamnyama baseMelika sanikwa yi kwindalo kunye nombono elungileyo umbala.