Lokuqala Russian Tsar Ivan Grozny

Ivan Grozny - wokuqala Russian Tsar, owathi ngo-1547 ebekwe ngokusesikweni ebukumkanini.

E Moscow Prince Vasily III noElena Glinsky ngoAgasti 1530 yena wazalwa unyana ekudala elindelwe - yindlalifa kaYohane. Xa Ivan wayeneminyaka-3 ubudala, uyise wafa, waza wakhulela ngunina, owathi ngo-1538 wafa xa wayeneminyaka engama-8 ayiphelelanga. Ivan akhulela kumzabalazo izinduna amandla, ababesesangweni imfazwe kunye namanye, engqongwe babhukuqwa ebhotwe.

Ugonyamelo, ukubulala, ngamayelenqe kwamenza ibitheni, unochuku yaye ukhohlakele. Naxa wayeselula, wayesele waphupha kwamandla mda. Ke kaloku Ivan weza yobudala ngo-1545, waba ngumlawuli Russia. Ngowe-1547, ngoJanuwari 16 Moscow yesicelo waba ekumisweni wakhe ngombono Cathedral. Isihloko "UKumkani" kuguqulelo lithetha "umlawuli."

Ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe, yokuqala Russian Tsar Ivan IV wachitha ixesha elininzi utshintsho: emaphandleni, ecaweni, inkundla, oomabhalane, emkhosini. Uye yenziwa ezintsha ezininzi luncedo urhulumente yaba odolo - amaqumrhu olawulo eqhelekileyo. Ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe, yenziwe uMthetho - yoMthetho nemithetho Russian. Eyokuqala Russian Tsar kwiipolitiki zangaphakathi komelezwa kakhulu karhulumente. UYayiro yandisa umda, ngokuphumelela Khanates Kazan (1547-1552) kunye Astrakhan (1556) waqalisa umthondo eSiberia. Kwiqonga lelizwe jikelele indawo eRashiya kakhulu lukhuni.

Ngokunxulumene nokwandiswa yommandla kaRhulumente eMoscow kunye nokudalwa inkqubo mandative, komelezwa ubudlelwane ezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo phakathi kwemimandla. Ukususela embindini ukuya emantla ababethwele isonka, uze emva koko - ityuwa, oboya, intlanzi. Ebudeni bolawulo Ivan IV waqala ekurhwebeni Western eYurophu Novgorod kunye ESmolensk. Waba urhwebo rhoqo kunye eNgilani. Ngokusebenzisa i-White kunye Barents ziilwandle wavula indlela ukususela eBritani eRashiya. Wasungula IsiNgesi indlu yokurhweba e Moscow, yaye ngowe-1584 kwizibuko Arkhangelsk phezu elunxwemeni Dvina Bay.

Kodwa ke kwintlalontle zobukumkani mfutshane ixesha elide. I-Livonian War (1558-1583) wazisa kuwubuyisela eRashiya. Ngowe-1565 wokuqala Russian Tsar Ivan IV oprichnina wadalwa, kwaye ke waba Ivan labangcangcazelisi. Abantu ababekhwele apho wayefuna ukusebenzisa igunya lakhe. Kwaye musa nokuba wasindisa unyana wakhe lo umsindo. Oprichinniki ngo-1569 yayigungxula imizi emininzi Russian phantsi kobunkokheli Ivana Groznogo.

Lokuqala Russian Tsar - Ivan abangcangcazelisi - ngomnye wabantu abaninzi abafundileyo, waba memory kuyamangalisa, waba ngumphengululi yenkolo. Yena waba yimbangi imiyalezo ezininzi. I wabhala amazwi kunye umculo kwinkonzo ngenxa holiday ka Our Lady of Vladimir, kwaye uluhlu Arhangelu Mihailu. Le knigopechatiya Umbutho idlale indima ebalulekileyo kakhulu. E Moscow, ngomhla Red Square waye waqonda ukwakhiwa St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo, ukumkani wokuqala - Ivan - lwaqaliswa ekwakhiweni kwayo.

Imisebenzi ye Ivana Groznogo wafumana impendulo ezahlukeneyo kwimbali Russian, kuba mbali pre-revolution achaza kuye kakubi, iSoviet umgca ngaphantsi linenzuzo ebudeni bolawulo. Kwaye kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, kwisiqingatha sesibini, ababhali-mbali waqalisa ukufunda kabanzi basekhaya nkqubo angaphandle Ivana Groznogo.