Yintoni umlinganiselo ukufuma kwaye uzimisele njani?

Umjikelo wamanzi kwindalo - yenye yeenkqubo ibalulekileyo kule mvulophu eendawo. Oku kusekelwe - iinkqubo ezinxulumene ezimbini: moistening umphezulu imvula komhlaba kunye komphunga ngoko ukuba ukufuma emoyeni. Zombini ezi nkqubo sele ncam amafutha sokuhlola kwintsimi ethile. Yintoni umlinganiselo ukufuma njani ukuchaza? Oku yintoni eza kuxutyushwa kweli phepha emhlophe.

into amafutha: Inkcazo

indawo Humidification kunye komphunga ukufuma ukusuka kumphezulu wayo kulo lonke ihlabathi kanye kwindawo enye. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo lowo Ukuncipha into kumazwe ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi kumkhawulela ngeendlela ezahlukileyo. Kwaye ke mqondo ethile enjalo yamkelwe kuwo onke amazwe. Umzekelo, oku "imvula-komphunga ratio" eUnited States, aokusetyenziswa ngokoqobo eliguqulelwa ngokuthi "Index (ratio) xa belele kunye ngumphunga."

Kodwa kunjalo, yintoni into Ukuncipha? Le ubudlelwane article phakathi isixa kwemvula kunye inqanaba komphunga kule ndawo kangangexesha elithile elide. Ifomula Ukubala lo mlinganiselo ilula kakhulu:

K = G /;

apho Q - mali kwemvula (in milimitha);

A no - ixabiso ngumphunga (nabo ngemilimitha).

iindlela ezahlukeneyo yokuqinisekisa ratio

Indlela ukufumanisa factor ukunyakama? Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezahlukileyo malunga 20.

Kwilizwe lethu (kwakunye lalisakuba yiSoviet Union), lo ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa indlela yokumisela ecetywayo Georgiem Nikolaevichem Vysotskim. Le sesayensi obalaseleyo Ukrainian, geobotanist, kunye nzulu umhlaba, umseki inzululwazi yehlathi. Ngexesha ubomi bakhe wabhala amaphepha enzululwazi ngaphezulu kwama-200.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba eYurophu eUnited States usebenzisa Tortveyta factor. Noko ke, ubuchule izibalo zalo inzima kakhulu ngakumbi kwaye kuneengxaki.

Ukumiselwa kwe factor

Ukuze ubone umlinganiselo kwindawo ethile ayikho nzima. Xiya ndlela mzekelo ulandelayo.

Xa sijonga ndawo, ngokuba ofuna ukubala ukungavumelani kwe moistening. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kulo nyaka le ndawo ifumana 900 mm imvula, kodwa ngokomphushu kulo ngexesha xesha - 600 mm. Kuba ekubaleni lomlingani ukuba kuhlukaniswe kwezulu komphunga, ngamanye 900/600 mm. Ngenxa yoko, sifumana ixabiso 1.5. Oku kuya kuba yinto Ukuncipha le ntsimi.

Ivanov-Ukuncipha factor Vysotskiy inokuba ulingana kumanyano, ukuba abe ngaphantsi okanye ngaphezulu 1. Ngoko ke, ukuba:

• K = 0, ngoko ke ukufuma le ndawo uthathwa aneleyo;
• K mkhulu kuno-1, i-ukufuma ukuzibhubhisa;
• K ingaphantsi kwe-1, i-ukuxovwa azanelanga.

Ixabiso zesi salathisi, Kakade ke, iya kuxhomekeka lobushushu kwindawo ethile, kwakunye ubungakanani komoya yonyaka.

Kutheni sebenzisa amafutha factor?

Ivanov-factor Vysotsky - oku sisalathisi ebaluleke kakhulu kwimozulu. Ngapha koko, uyakwazi ukunika umfanekiso iinkalo yonikezelo lwamanzi. Le ratio umele ubukelwe uphuhliso lezolimo, kwakunye ucwangciso intsimi kwezoqoqosho ngokubanzi.

Inika kwakhona inqanaba kome yemozulu: eliphezulu oko kukuthi, isimo sezulu ifumile. Kwiindawo ngamanzi nomninzi bekusoloko intabalala amachibi kunye nemigxobhozo. Le uhlaza esilawulwa enengca kunye nohlaza ihlathi.

Amaxabiso ubuninzi lomlingani Uphawu kwimimandla weentaba (mitha 1000-1200 ngasentla). Apha, njengokuba umthetho, kukho agqithisile ukufuma, nto leyo ukufikelela milimitha 300-500 ngonyaka! Imali ofanayo ukufuma komoya ufumana ummandla emathafeni kulo nyaka. Ukungavumelani kwe ukufuma kwimimandla entabeni ukuya amaxabiso ubuninzi: 1.8-2.4.

ukufuma kakhulu nazo ilandelwe eli hlathi yendalo, kumathafa, tundra amahlathi kunye epholileyo namahlathi avuthulukayo. Kule ndawo ayikho ngaphezulu kwe-1.5 ratio. Kule ndawo ehlathini oko isusela ukusuka kwi 0.7 ukuya 1.0, kodwa kummandla emathafeni iye kwindawo moistening zaneleyo (K = 0.3-0.6).

amaxabiso Ubuncinane ukuchama uphawu kwindawo semi-entlango (malunga 0.2-0.3) kunye ummandla entlango (0.1).

Ukungavumelani kwe ukufuma iRussia

Russia - lizwe, nto leyo iphawulwa ezahlukahlukeneyo iimeko zemozulu. Ukuba sithethe ratio ukuxovwa, ixabiso layo ngaphakathi eRashiya zinokwahluka kakhulu 0.3 ukuya 1.5. Eyona madlana ukufuma iqatshelwe kummandla lweCaspian (malunga 0.3). Xa emathafeni kunye zone ihlathi-emathafeni kancinci ephakamileyo - 0.5-0.8. ukuxovwa obukhulu ummandla uphawu-kumathafa, kananjalo nangenxa kwimimandla yentaba abaseAfrika, zeAltai phambene Iintaba.

Ngoku uyazi indlela Ukuncipha yintoni into. Oku kunika umdla kakhulu ezizifundo kubaluleke kakhulu, nto leyo idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nezolimo. Lo mba uxhomekeke kumaxabiso amabini isixa imithamo kwemvula kunye evapotranspiration kwixesha elithile.