Yintoni kwirediyasi uMhlaba

Kwinkqubo yethu ilanga, kukho asithoba, okanye, banikwe imvumelwano kwindawo lwezenzululwazi, ezisibhozo langa (iPluto waye ndayihluthwa ngesiqu ngo-2006). Phakathi kwabo, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ahlawulwe iplanethi sesithathu - Earth. osemqoka yalo ebaluleke kakhulu, kumntu wonke schoolchild - kukukwazi baphile ubomi obulula baza kakhulu. Ubudala noqikelelo planethi ingaphezulu eziibhiliyoni ezi-4 zeminyaka, nto leyo iyahambelana kwithiyori umhlaba ukubunjwa ukusuka ilifu gas ezingqonge ilanga.

Kukho inani iimpawu ezibalulekileyo, leyo kufuneka bawuqhele kubo bonke wagqiba ukuncedisa ulwazi lwabo malunga emhlabeni wabo ekhaya. Kweli phepha, siza kuhlawula ezi mpawu.

Ukususela ekuqalekeni kokuma ngeenkwenkwezi yezinto inkqubo solar kunye ukuqondwa karhulumente imodeli heliocentric wendalo iphela kukho umbandela onzulu kakhulu sokulinganisela imigama esithubeni. Ordinary imilinganiselo "ezisentlabathini" (mitha, miles) asifanele lo msebenzi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba, nangona umgama ukusuka uMhlaba neNyanga wayesele esaziwa ngenkulungwane ye-17, kwabonakala zaneleyo zokwenza le yunithi. Kwangaxeshanye, ngokuba ilanga isoloko embindini le nkqubo, kunye ababukeleyo - kwi kumgama enye kuyo (Kakade ke, ibhekisela kusakhelwa ukusuka kumphezulu womhlaba), kwenziwe isigqibo ubhalo - ukwamkela ngeyunithi imigama cosmic owela ngaphakathi kwama-ukujikeleza koMhlaba. Ke yonke into ilula: ukujikeleza umhlaba lukaThixo luyondelelene kule setyhula efanelekileyo, ngoko ke impazamo womlinganiselo kuba ncinci. Okwangoku, umgama ukusuka emhlabeni ukuya elangeni million 149,59. Km yaye ubizwa ngokuba "unit ngeenkwenkwezi" (AU). Nyaka ngamnye, ukuhla fixed indyebo yalo solar enobunzima obuli 15 cm Ukusuka apha ngasentla, sinako ukubala umgama ukusuka ilanga iPluto -. 39.4 AU njl

Yintoni kwirediyasi boMhlaba, wonke umntu uyazi. Esithi "Umhlaba sphere" ngoku kukho uphawu ixesha, njengoko kuchasene iinkolelo zamandulo malunga imilo flat. Ngenxa yoko, embindini avareji ka-6371 km. Noko ke, eli xabiso ayikho kakhulu ntiyiso. Njengoko yaziwa, ngenxa kwithambeka axis bomhlaba lusoloko akhoyo izibonda isixa esikhulu qhwa (njalo kuxokwa-"komkhenkce polar"). Ngenxa yabo, kukho nokunikezelwa ubunzima umhlaba kunye owela ngaphakathi kwama-Umhlaba, ilinganiswa izibonda yahlukile ixabiso layo kwi-ikhweyitha. Ukuchaneka kakhulu encinane, kodwa loo nto. Umzekelo, embindini sentshinyela somhlaba 6378,1 km, kodwa polar yi km 6356,8. Ngaphezu koko, kwiminyaka yakutshanje ziye utshintsho ngokumalunga izibonda ezibangelwa mgaqweni zezulu apho. Oku lulandelayo ezijongene impendulo yombuzo "Yintoni kulingana kwirediyasi Umhlaba? Yi", oko kuyimfuneko ukucacisa oko kanye ukuthini womlinganiselo. Kuphela kule meko kungenzeka ukuba uza kuphendula ngqo.

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba ubukho satellite yendalo umhlaba wethu - iNyanga - ukuba anganalo kuchaphazela radius komhlaba. Ngokutsho hypothesis mnye, kusekwangoko kwinkqubo solar yayo orbit Umhlaba kwabelwane nabanye planetoid enkulu kulingana ne-10% ye ubungakanani eemazi kunye nobunzima emhlabeni. Xa lo mhlaba ezingenzeka (Theia) nemoto Earth. Ngenxa ubunzima balo waphoswa orbit, uyila inyanga, namasalela yaba yinxalenye yomhlaba ngenxa "ongeziweyo" ezinjalo ukwanda radius. Ezinye abaphengululi abadumileyo bathi ngozi yenzeke kwindlela tanjenti sentshabalalo ukuze bamlandela Teyi. Kulo mzekelo, inyanga yinxalenye yehlabathi, wavaleleka okuwo setyhula. Naye radius, ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo, akwenziwanga anda, kodwa sehla.

Njengoko kubonakala, maxa wambi kwenzeka into ukunika iimpendulo ngqo kwimibuzo elula. Njengokuba Pascal wathi: "Le nto kolwazi ayiphele ndawo."