Wesizwe Aztecs. impucuko Aztec: inkcubeko, iintsomi

Inca, Aztecs kwaye Mayans - nezizwe okuyimfihlakalo yanyamalala ubuso bomhlaba. De kube ngoku, uphando lwenziwa zembiwa zonke iintlobo izifundo ukuba bahlole ubomi babo yokuduka izizathu. Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela malunga isizwe esinye umdla. I-Aztec owayephila ngenkulungwane XIV kummandla apho ngoku bobabo eMexico.

bevela phi

Inani labantu Indiya ngabantu ezimalunga ne-1.3 million. Indawo awazalelwa kuyo lamandulo Aztec, le yindawo Aztlán (kwi "ezweni translation ookhwalimanzi '). Ekuqaleni, amalungu wesizwe baba abazingeli, kodwa ke, ukuba bahlala phezu komhlaba, waqalisa ukuba bazibandakanye emsebenzini yezolimo kunye nemisebenzi yobugcisa, nakuba kwakuyinto isizwe imfazwe. I-Aztec, ukuze aqale baphile ubomi ungenzi nto, kuba ixesha elide ekhangela umhlaba ofanelekileyo. Benze ukuba kunini na, kodwa ngokungqinelana isalathiso yothixo wabo Huitzilopochtli. Ngokutsho kwakhe, Aztec baba ukubona ukhozi ehleli phezu cactus otshisa ilizwe.

kwenzeka

Nangona ngokungaqheleki kolu phawu iminyaka 165 of ebhadula ezweni Aztec Mexico baye bakwazi ukuhlangabezana nale twisisaka yokuziphatha engaqhelekanga. Kule ndawo apho kwathi, waqala ukulungiselela isizwe. I-Aztec ebizwa yokuhlala wabo wokuqala Tenochtitlan (in translation - "umthi wesiqhamo amila ilitye"). Elinye igama eli lizwe - City Mexico. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, loo impucuko Aztec lwenziwa yi zizizwe ezininzi. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba oku yayihanjelwe ngokwezizwe kungekho ngaphantsi kwe ezisixhenxe ukuthetha iilwimi ezinxulumene, yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwawo isiNahuatl. Ngubani na, yaye efanayo kubo iziyelelane oluthethwa ngabantu abangaphezulu kwesigidi esi-1.

Abakumgangatho ophantsi iiklasi ephezulu

Ngaba impucuko Aztec ukukhonza njengomzekelo umbutho mihla yoluntu? Fighters kokulingana ngokuqinisekileyo akayi ungathanda iyantlukwano Aztec ngu basebukhosini kunye nje. Kunye namalungu aphezulu uluntu zonke ukutyeba. Babehlala ezingxandeni eqaqambileyo, enxibe iimpahla gorgeous, ukutya ukutya okulungileyo, wafumana ezininzi amalungelo, wayebambe izikhundla eziphezulu. Le nje babesebenza emhlabeni, wasebenza, othathe, wayeloba yaye waphila ubomi esisityebi ezindaweni ezithile. Noko ke, ukufa bonke emva kokuba wafumana ithuba elilinganayo ukuba bangene kwelabafileyo, ehlala isithixokazi yokufa, Mictlan, okanye yiya kwihlabathi elingcono. Ekubeni amajoni ehlabathini we-Aztec basebenzisa intlonelo ekhethekileyo kwabafileyo edabini nga sikhatshwe kwelanga ukususela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya bade, kwakunye nabo baye bancama. Imbeko ukuba ahambe ilanga ukusuka bade ukuya kwelanga abafumana bafa zokubeleka amabhinqa. "Lucky Wena" kungathathwa yaye abo baye ubulale okanye antywiliselwa. Baya kuwa endaweni wasezulwini, apho wahlala uthixo lemvula Tlalokan.

Fathers and Sons

Isizwe ekuthethwa ngayo kweli nqaku, ukunikela ingqalelo engakumbi kwimfundo yabantwana. bazisa ukuya kunyaka-1 ekhaya, yaye emva koko kwafuneka aye sisikolo semfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa. Ngaphezu koko, zombini amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana, nangona yokugqibela kakhulu utshatile, wahlala ekhaya wabukela neenkomo kunye nabantwana. Evulekileyo bafundiswa izakhono unokwakhela, imicimbi zomkhosi. Ezithathwe bafunda imbali, ngeenkwenkwezi, wezifundo zentlalo, izithethe, ulawulo. Abantwana amalungu aphezulu umphakathi hayi cit. Babesebenza imisebenzi yoluntu, esusiwe ezicaweni, inxaxheba kule misitho. amadoda Old walinda imbeko, intlonelo, kunye namalungelo ezahlukeneyo.

Aztec Culture

Yiloo nto le ezilahlekileyo impucuko etsala ingqalelo nanamhlanje. I-Aztec baba iinkosi enkulu inqanawa yabo, ngoko ke izakhiwo, imifanekiso, ilitye nodongwe, amalaphu, izacholo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. ukukwazi ngakumbi ngezikhundla Aztec ukwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo ukusuka iintsiba eliqaqambileyo iintaka yimvula. Lidume ebhanyabhanya Aztec kunye izivatho. Basebukhosini abanomdla uncwadi. Abaninzi kubo nga walala phantsi umbongo okanye ukubhala umsebenzi womlomo. Ukuba yasinda amavo, amabali, imibongo, iinkcazelo kwezithethe zabantu. iincwadi iphepha wenziwa amaxolo. Umdla kunye nekhalenda ukuba wadala olu hlanga. I-Aztec ayesebenzisa ilanga kunye ikhalenda isiko. Ngokuhambelana kunye nekhalenda elanga zenziwa umsebenzi yezolimo kunye nomsebenzi zonqulo. Kwakugcwele iintsuku ezingama-365. Le khalenda yesibini iquka iintsuku ezingama-260, sasetyenziswa ukuba iingqikelelo. Malunga bayahlelwa wendoda kugwetywa ngendlela apho mhla wazalwa. De kube ngoku, abazingeli abaninzi ubutyebi uphupha ekufumaneni zegolide-Aztec. Baza bahlala ngexesha lawo esisityebi kunene. Oku kungqinwa amabali boyisa baseSpeyin. Bathi ukuba Aztec osisityebi, ngokukodwa kwikomkhulu, Tenochtitlan, badla ke walala igolide. oothixo zabo itrone segolide, emazantsi nawo ayengekho bullion igolide.

inkolo Aztec

Abantu kule isizwe wayekholelwa ukuba kukho oothixo eziliqela ukulawula amandla endalo kunye isiphetho babantu. Ngaba oothixo amanzi, umbona, imvula, ilanga, imfazwe, kunye nabanye abaninzi. I-Aztec Wakha, iitempile enkulu ngokobutyebi zinokuhonjiswa. Eyona inkulu wabunikela isithixo engundoqo Tenochtitlán kunye obeziimitha ezili-46 ukuphakama. Neetempile lwenziwa izithethe nemibingelelo. Ubukhona phakathi Aztec kunye ingcamango komphefumlo. Ayekholelwa ukuba indawo yokuhlala wakhe omntu iimpahla ngentliziyo negazi. Sithatha ubume ukubonakaliswa kwayo. Ngokutsho Aztec, umphefumlo bafakwa umzimba womntu oothixo ngexesha xa esibelekweni. Kwakhona ayekholelwa ukuba umphefumlo nilime izinto kunye nezilwanyana. I-Aztec bacinga ukuba phakathi kwabo kwakukho uxhulumaniso okhethekileyo ekuvumela ukuba basebenzisane kwinqanaba engaphathekiyo. Kwakhona, i-Aztec babecinga ukuba umntu ngamnye abe double magic. Ukufa kwakhe kwakhokelela ngokufa komntu. Njengoko amaxhoba Aztec neengcedevu izithixo zazo igazi lakhe. Ukuze wenze oku, siya enze nomkhuba isiko. Ngokubanzi, i Aztec imibingelelo zabantu ezininzi. Kuyaziwa ukuba ngexesha kwakulayitwa Enkulu kwendlu abantu 2,000 kubingelelwe. I-Aztec wacinga isiphelo sehlabathi, bakholwa ukuba isixa esikhulu wegazi uyakwazi ukungxengxeza oothixo ugcine imali yehlabathi.

impucuko Aztec yalahleka ngenxa nokunyoluka baseSpeyin. Kwathi ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVI, kodwa ke Iyandonwabisa ekuyileni imbali ubomi wesizwe, wanyamalala kobuso bomhlaba. Ngaba ulonwabo igolide Aztec kuzisa, wonke umntu ugqiba ngokwabo.