LeMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi: iinjengele. Iinjengele kunye nabathetheli leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi

Ngawo onke amaxesha kwakukho amadabi ezinkulu kwaqhubeka ngaphezu konyaka omnye. Kwaye njalo ngezenzo ngempumelelo ngakumbi umkhosi efunekayo ukuba amajoni ndiziphethe ngumntu onamava. Kungenjalo, elowo uya kwenza njengoko ufuna, nto leyo eya kukhokelela woyiswa kunqandwa. Ukuba abalawuli kunye senze njengabo lade neenkokheli mkhosi. Umntu wabaleka umkhosi kakuhle, umntu - kubi. Noko ke, oku akuzange kuchaphazela into yokuba amagama ngqwayi behla kwimbali.

Amagama iinjengele ezinkulu kufuneka ukwazi

Abaninzi bakhumbula leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Iinjengele kwimbali yeli xesha, wayedlala enye indima ebalulekileyo. Ukuba musa nje isigqibo isiphelo amawaka amajoni kumadabi amaninzi. Kwaye ke, ehamba umkhosi, negalelo ekulweni idabi yaphela i uloyiso olungenamiqathango. Noko ke, bambalwa abantu wazi amagama abo. Yaye iqela enkulu kweli nqanaba ebegqwese ulibele.

Heroes-iinjengele kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I wenza kakhulu kuzo. Kufuneka bakhumbule kunye nembeko. Ngoko ke, kolu phononongo, kwagqitywa ekubeni ingqalelo iinjengele edumileyo, abathabatha inxaxheba amadabi.

Military UMcebisi Alekseev

Mihail Vasilevich Alekseev wazalwa kwaye ndakhulela kusapho ligosa. Ngexesha izifundo zakhe lomthambo Michael iye ayiboniswanga impumelelo enkulu. Wada akazange kuziphumelela kwiziko lemfundo, bagqiba ukwenza njengoko njengevolontiya kwi 2nd Rostov Grenadier webutho. Emva koko uMikhail wangena Moscow sikolo kwaye bathweswa izidanga iimbeko. Kwixesha elizayo, umphathi edumileyo indlela yakhe yaqala emfazweni Russian-Turkish. Ngowe-1904 wafumana isikhundla ka uMajor General. Kwakhona inxaxheba Russian-Japanese War. Ngowe-1917, oko Alexeev waqiniseka Nicholas II basweleyo shela. Ixesha elifutshane urhulumente elimisiweyo ukuba kwisikhundla ka Commander uPhakamileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa nemfuno ukubuyisela iinkundla zomkhosi Alekseev yasuswa kule post eliphezulu mazigqithiselwe kubacebisi emkhosini.

Sesona sisombululo, ezantsi kwimbali apho waya

Zeziphi iinjengele kweMfazwe Yehlabathi khumbula ngokutyhoboza zabo zobugorha? Ifanele igxininiswe Brusilova Alekseya Alekseevicha. Wazalwa kusapho uLieutenant-Jikelele. Abazali umphathi wabo elizayo baphulukana besebancinane, ngoko bakhuliswe zizalamane. Alexei ngokwaneleyo ukubunjwa elungileyo ifunyenwe. E St. Petersburg, wafika ngo 1867. Ngowe-1872 ukuba bamkelwe inkonzo kunye isikhundla kwibhanile. Malunga nokuthatha inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Russian-Turkish wavuka imiyalelo emithathu emkhosini. Ngexesha zokulwa ebangele inkathazeko kwi aphume ye inqaba Ardahan. Brusilov naye wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuthinjwe Kars.

Kutheni Alexei kufuneka zenziwe, besithi oko iinjengele kunye nabathetheli leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi waba kwicala ubalulekileyo? Ngowe-1916 wamiselwa alimwi omnye imiphambili ukuba wamnika ithuba lokuba ngokuzimeleyo. Yaye emva kwexesha elifutshane ngexesha kunyaka omnye, wayesiya amandla encinci, ziqhuba kwizixekoapho zokuzikhusela utshaba (abantu Austria-German). Ngokwembali le mfazwe yokulwa oko ngokuba Brusilov ekhubekisayo. Lo msebenzi phakathi inkulu. Oku kwabangela ilahleko enkulu kwicala utshaba. Emva kokuqhekeka amaJamani kwafuneka batshintshelwe amaqela 17 ukuya ngasempuma ukusuka Front Koloni.

"Iron" Brigade

Luhlobo olunjani lwabantu ekuhombisile leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi? Iinjengele, amajoni Russian kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo baye benza oluninzi izenzo zobuqhawe. Kwaye indima ebalulekileyo zoloyiso eziliqela wadlala Denikin Anton Ivanovich. Wazalwa kwiphondo Warsaw usapho enkulu umhlala. Ekulweni yokuqala inxaxheba ukwakhiwa 4 "intsimbi" wabacimi yange-12 Army Corps. Phantsi kolawulo amajoni Jikelele Kaledin, ekwakukho phakathi Anton Ivanovich wathethelela abapase i Carpathians. Ngexesha lezi amadabi Denikin yafunyanwa Order oyiNgcwele George ngomlinganiselo wesithathu. Ngowe-1915, isicima ukuba uhlelwe ukwahlukana. Amajoni bathunyelwa rhoqo emva apho inokuba ngokutyhoboza kunye nokusingqongileyo usongo.

NgoSeptemba 1915, Denikin kwi "Intsimbi Division" wawalwela kwisixeko Lutsk. Umlo yaphela ngempumelelo ekuthinjweni bathathwa amajoni utshaba malunga 20 amawaka. Emva le mpi zobugorha Denikin wonyuselwa ukuba uLt jikelele. Ukuthetha ngayo, yintoni na iinjengele enkulu ka leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi abangela isiyaluyalu, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba Denikin wathabatha inxaxheba emfazweni ngenxa Czartoryski. Asikwazi ukuba uye waba ligorha Lutsk idabi avelise amandla ekwenzeni umsebenzi wakhe. Ukuze babe ngamachule okulwa imfazwe kunye nesibindi kunqabile ibhaso yafunyanwa - George Arms, oko ezihonjiswe ngedayimani.

Akukho kuphela ahlula ihambe iinjengele

Hayi kuphela kweenjengele Russian emkhosini wamkhumbula leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Amaqhawe likhetha ezifumaneka kwamanye amazwe-mkhosi. Omnye wabo Fosh uFerdinand. Ngowe-1911, isikhundla sabo esilandelayo jikelele kwathengwa, emva koko wamiselwa umthetheli-candelo. Ngowe-1912, wathabatha umyalelo we-8 Corps e Bourges. Emva konyaka, phantsi umyalelo wakhe bafudukela 20 Corps in Nancy. Emva kwexesha elithile, Army Group kwagqitywa ukuba baphinde-kwifomu we 9 umkhosi French, umyalelo ogama General Foch. Oku lo mkhosi lowo zobugorha kwidabi phezu komlambo Marne, owenzeka ngo-1914. Phantsi kolwalathiso amajoni Foch kaThixo wamelana ukumelana yotshaba. Emva ukubandezeleka okukhulu, i-jikelele kodwa wakwazi ukuqhuba isixeko Nancy. Noko ke, emva kokuba ixesha elithile emva zedabi iSomme elahlekileyo, Jikelele uFerdinand Foch wagxothwa post yakhe.

Ngaphandle amadabi anegazi akazange enze naliphi na idabi

France sabangela umonakalo omkhulu leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Iinjengele baye bazama ukuba azikhusele izikhundla zabo, kodwa akusoloko kusenzeka. Julayi 21 Germany unibangile imfazwe ku France. Commander in eyiNtloko yomkhosi French waba uYosefu Zhak Zhoffr. Ukususela kwasekuqaleni kwempi kwafuneka ukuba bayilungise neentlobano kunye namazwe encedisayo eNgilani. Ngenxa yokuba zonke umlo othatha indawo eFransi kunye North Belgium, uYosefu waba umcimbi ongxamisekileyo ukulungiselela umzabalazo ngokokuma. imikhosi yaseJamani yaba kakhulu kuwo onke amanqanaba, njengoko General Joffre ngaphandle amadabi anegazi akazange anikezele.

I-ngqwayi, ngubani wayebalasele ngeendlela okungenaluzsini imfazwe

Yintoni iinjengele zika leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi wabangela inkathazeko kule mpi? Kufuneka kuchazwe Lyudendorfa Erika, ngubani nangona umncedisi jikelele Gindenborga, nokuzeyisa mayibhekiswe izenzo umkhosi kwi-Eastern Front. Kwaye ngo-1916, waqala ukulawula yonke imikhosi exhobileyo yaseJamani. Ludendorff waba lweli iindlela sizwe abathintela yombhodamo abantu. Yena ke ubalwe njengoko ndlela ngenkohlakalo imfazwe. Kwakunjalo ekufuna, iJamani ngokusesikweni wuthintelwanga ngwenya imfazwe. Nakuba kunjalo, kufuneka kuchazwe ukuba icebo lakhe zifo esele yenzelwe kuphela ngokoyiswa butho Soviet, kodwa amazwe Entente, iye wabethwa ukusilela epheleleyo. Kwaye loo nto yabangela ukuba ngokoyiswa amabutho yaseJamani.

Ubuntu leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi

Iinjengele isigqibo bayahlelwa oonyana izigidi zabantu. Kwaye usebenza ngokupheleleyo kukumthetheli Mpuma Front Hindenburg. Wazibonakalisa ekuqaleni kuka 1916 ikwazile ukuba ukuphazamisa lohlaselo yiSoviet kufuphi Lake Naroch. Wathi, mabeze amandla elikhulu, waya balwe abantu phambili, ngubani wakwazi bayagqobhoza, bayangena ukhuseleko German. Ekupheleni kuka-1916, waza wamiselwa umthetheli-Jikelele Abasebenzi Field. Emva kokoyiswa Jamani emfazweni Hindenburg waba yintloko bonke bezimpi ezibe ebekumele ukuba ukucinezela izenzo yotshintsho olululo. Kwaye kwaba nombulelo lowo unako ukugcina amandla omkhosi eziyimfuneko ukuze ukuvuseleleka kwamandla.

isiphelo

iilahleko obuninzi naziimbandezelo bazisa nayo kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala. Iinjengele, kwakunye amajoni eziqhelekileyo, ezama ukuba akhokele imikhosi yakho uloyiso. Nangona kunjalo, oku akusoloko kusenzeka. Yaye ke yimpumelelo kakhulu kuqala ukulwa krwaqu ekugqibeleni aphenduke amoyise. Kodwa ubuqhawe kweenkokeli zomkhosi, ukukwazi ukwenza kwi iimfazwe zomkhosi bezingekho phantsi konyanzelo kwamathandabuzo. Bayisa izisombululo maxa wambi non-esezantsi, babuye umva amabutho esitha, ebanyanzela ukuba niyibaleke emasimini edabini. Kwaye ke ukuba akubanga ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, abaninzi kangaka uloyiso eliphezulu iprofayile kwi Enkulu Patriotic War, khumbula amagama iingqwayi kuyimfuneko. Benza imbali ithi izihlandlo ezininzi nzima ebantwini.