I-Mint eSt. Petersburg: imbali emfutshane yesiseko sesityalo kunye nemveliso yeemali

Ukuba awukwazi ukuba uza kutyelela kwinqununu yaseNyakatho, ngoko uye kwiMint yaseSt. Petersburg. Kwaye inqaku lethu liza kukuxelela ukuba kungani le ndawo ifanelekile ukutyelela!

Ukuvula iMint

Ngomnyaka we-1724, uPeter I wakhupha umyalelo wokugweba i- mint kwisikhululo esisentla. Ibhukmakhi yayilungiselelwe ngu-emperor ngo-1720. Ngomhla wokugqibela kaFebhuwari, ngo-1721, umbusi wamemeza ukuba iimali zegolide kufuneka ziveliswe eSt. Petersburg. Kwacaca ukuba kutheni! Emva kwakho konke, ukusuka eMoscow, inkunzi-mali yathuthela kwisixeko kwi-Neva.

Ingqungquthela yaseSt. Petersburg, njengezinye izicwangciso zikaPetros I, yayiza kuba yinkampani ebalulekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente waseRashiya wayala uomatshini kunye noomatshini kwisixeko saseNuremberg, okwakubonwa ngelo xesha liziko lokuveliswa kweemali.

Ngoko ngo-1724 eTrubetskoe isiseko senqaba kaPetros noPawulos saqalisa ukuveliswa kwemali.

Ukuveliswa kwemali phantsi kwePeter I

Okokuqala, iibhanki zenziwe ngamanani amaninzi. Iingqekembe zegolide zafakwa apho. Kwaye kwiminyaka engama-30 kuphela emva koko isanti saseSt. Petersburg saqala ukuvelisa iimali zesiliva. Ndiyabulela kwizixhobo zaseJamani ezisemgangathweni, i-Petersburg Mint yaba enye yezinto ezihamba phambili kule projekthi. Kodwa nangona oku akuzange kumise uPetros I.

Ngomnyaka we-1746 wavula i-laboratory enkundleni, apho abaphathi babelana khona ngeensimbi ezixabisekileyo. Isigqibo esinjalo sinceda ukunqoba ukuxhomekeke kweRashiya ngokungeniswa kwesimbi ezinqabileyo! Kuye kwenzeka ukuba igosa lethu ngeli xesha alithengi igolide kunye nesilivere kuphela, kodwa nezobhedu ezivela kumazwe angummelwane.

Ukulungiswa

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII, kungekhona nje imali yokubuyiswa kwemali, kodwa kwakhona ukukhutshwa kweemali kwenyuka. Ngomnyaka iMint yaseSt. Petersburg ivelise malunga nama-ruble ayi-100 000. Yaye yonke imihla imfuno zeemali zanda, kodwa kwakungekho ithuba lokulivelisa!

Inkundla yayidinga ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zobuchwepheshe kunye nokwandiswa kwendawo, kuba i-Trubetskoi bastion ayikwazi ukufumana izixhobo eziyimfuneko.

Isakhiwo esitsha asizange sithathe ixesha elide ukulinda. Ngo-1807, iMint yaseSt. Petersburg yagubha iqela lokuqhayisa indlu kwisakhiwo esitsha sikaPetros noPaul Fortress.

Kwixesha le-XIX leminyaka isityalo esitshutshisiweyo saseSt. Petersburg sasinomsebenzi omkhulu, apho inani elikhulu labasebenzi bexesha elizeleyo lisebenza. Ngalesi xesha indawo yokuvelisa yendawo yayingaphezu kwe-7000 m ² !

Iingxaki zekhulu lama-20

Eli xesha lalibonakaliswe iimvavanyo ezinzima kunye nezobuhlungu kungekhona kubantu kuphela, kodwa nangenxa yeminwe yaseSt. Petersburg. Ngenxa yeMfazwe Yehlabathi Yeyokuqala, amagunya anquma ukukhupha isityalo. Zonke izixhobo kunye nezinye izixhobo ezixhasayo, kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo, zithunyelwa ngokukhawuleza e-Ekaterinburg nakwezinye iidolophu ezikufuphi.

Ngaloo ndlela, ngoJanuwari 1918 iSt. Petersburg yaxosha izityalo zayeka imisebenzi yokuvelisa.

Kwiminyaka emine kamva, okuyi-1922, ukusebenza kwendawo yokuvelisa kwiredi kwakhona kwaqala ukubilisa! Oku kuthetha ukulungiselela ukulungiswa kwemali kwiRussia yaseSoviet. Ngaloo nto isityalo saqanjwa ngokuthi yiLeningrad, njengoko isixeko sanikwa kwakhona igama elitsha.

Kwixesha langaphambili lemfazwe, i-Leningrad Mint yinkampani enamandla ekwahlu lwezinto ezinkulu zokuvelisa eYurophu. Ukuhlanganiswa kweemveliso kwande ngexesha, umgangatho uphuculo kunyaka ngamnye, kwaye izibonakaliso zokubala zifikelele kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.

Kwiminyaka yemfazwe i-mint yaseSt. Petersburg yaxoshwa eKrasnokamsk. Umgudu wephepha "Goznak" ukhuselwe kwintsimi yeLMD. Ngokomyalelo weKomidi yezezeMali yeSoviet Union, loo nto yayifakwe kulo mbutho.

Yethu imihla

Ngo-2004 imveliso yezinto zokugqoka zenziwe ngokutsha kwintsimi yesinti. Izixhobo ezithengiweyo zathengiwe, izinto eziyimfuneko zokuvelisa iimveliso zazingeniswa.

Masters enze izindandatho ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, kunye neentlobo ezinobunzima. Namhlanje ishishini sityalo sixhotyiswe ngokwegama lokugcina lemveliso kunye nobuchwepheshe! Abaqeqeshi abanolwazi kunye neetalente bavelisa iimveliso ezihlukahluka kunye nokucwangciswa.

Ngemali, isicatshulwa saseSt. Petersburg sashicilelweyo: SPB, SPM, JV, SM, L, LMD. Ukususela ngo-1997, iimali zemali ezinomqondiso we-SPMD zenziwe.