Igor Old. IBhodi Igorya Ryurikovicha. nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle of Prince Igor Old

Nawuphi na umntu ofundileyo kwilizwe lethu ukuba ngubani Igor Old. Ngoko wabiza prince of Russia yamandulo, unyana ka-Rurik kunye Oleg isizalwana Great, ogama limbi Amazwi.

Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha ubomi kunye nomsebenzi umlawuli karhulumente Old Russian.

Esifutshane ulwazi oluchaza ngokuzalwa kunye nabantwana

Ngokutsho yeziKronike, Igor Old waphila ubomi obude noko ngenxa ngaloo maxesha. Wazalwa malunga 878 waza wafa (kwakhona kalukhuni) kwi-m 945.

Iminyaka Igor wobukumkani endala azigubungela ixesha ukususela th 912 ukuya th 945.

Le hero ibali lethu wayengunyana ka kwenene Russian yokuqala Rurik, owathi, ngokutsho legend, weza eRashiya kunye nabazalwana bakhe waza waqalisa ukulawula Novgorod, yaye kamva waba ngumlawuli kuphela ngurhulumente ngoko Russian. Emva kokufa Ryurika Igor yayimfutshane kule minyaka, ngoko imisebenzi yinganga eyenziwa umzala wakhe Oleg (njengoko kuguqulelo mnye, yena ngumtshana ka Rurik, yaye kwelinye - umzalwana nomfazi wakhe).

Kungenzeka, i Igor Oleg oselula wayehamba kumaphulo wakhe wamajoni, apho wafumana warlord izakhono kunye wezopolitiko. Siyazi ukuba wathabatha itrone yakhe ku afike uninzi yakhe nditshatile, yaye emva kokufa Veschego Olega (ngokwe legend, wabulawa senyoka).

Esifutshane ulwazi oluchaza malunga usapho Prince

Ngokutsho nenguqulelo esemthethweni, unyaka apho wafa Oleg Lesiprofeto igama, na ekuqaleni kobukumkani Igor Old. Oku, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, unyaka 912. Ngexesha umthetheli lomfana waba nentsapho.

Ngokutsho yeziKronike, xa Igor wayeneminyaka engama-25 ubudala, watshata intombazana egama Olga (wayeneminyaka-13 kuphela). Noko ke, Svyatoslav unyana wabo wazalwa kuphela ngo-942 (icace phandle ukuba ngelo xesha Olga ukuba babe neminyaka 52 ubudala, nto leyo akunakwenzeka). Le nyaniso kwavezwa mbali ezininzi, ngoko kukholelwa ukuba ubudala Olga - ikamva Grand neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya kanye umsunguli sobuKristu Russia - lilincinane. Kukwakho kwinkolelo yokuba Olga, Igor sisengama abantwana, ingakumbi, abanye ababhali-mbali ukukhankanya oonyana ababini - Vladislav kunye Gleb, ngubani mhlawumbi wafa kwiminyaka zobutsha.

Kwakhona imithombo Byzantine zibonisa ukuba isikhulu Ezinye izalamane (abazala, abatshana, njalo njalo.). Noko ke, kule yemihla Russian kwegama aba bantu abangenazo. Kungenzeka, abazange ngumnikazi nawuphi na umhlaba kunye namagunya, mazifakwe kwi-squad, Prince Igor. mbali Modern bakholelwa olu guqulelo lwe kakhulu kakuhle liqinisekile, kuba, mhlawumbi, eRashiya yamandulo kwabakho isiko, okufana kumazwe aseYurophu, ekuthi ngawo amaxwebhu asemthethweni akhankanywe kuphela umlawuli yena, umfazi wakhe (umfazi) kunye noonyana zabanye izihlobo (kwaye ngoko ke kwaye, uthe pretender kuyo itrone) akukho gama.

amaphulo Military nxamnye eConstantinople

wazibalula Igor Old ezifanisa mkhosi onamava. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba wenza omnye kumadabi nxamnye Byzantium. abantu Orthodox abahlala baseByzantium Empire, ngoko ubunzima kakhulu ukusuka iyangena bakhona, lowo kuthiwa umbethe.

Ziye zaphawula amaphulo zilandelayo yasemkhosini Igor Old:

1. Ngokutsho ilivo, Igor ngo-941 mikhombe Byzantium, sikhatshwe amawaka iinqanawa, ebizwa ngokuba 'ehlasela ". Noko ke, amaGrike babesebenzisa zixhobo eziphambili ngexesha - babizwa ngokuba "umlilo Greek" (umxube oyile kunye nezinye izinto ezinokutsha), ababesenza inkoliso iinqanawa. Woyiswa, Old Igor wabuyela ekhaya eRashiya ukukhulisa umkhosi esitsha iphulo elitsha yasemkhosini. Yaye waphumelela.

2. Kwintlanganiso yayo abameli zomkhosi kuzo zonke izizwe ngurhulumente ngoko yamandulo Russian, i nokuxubana kunye Rus, drevlyans Pechenegs kunye nabanye. Eli phulo ibonakalise ukuba yimpumelelo enkulu kakhulu kuba isikhulu, ngenxa yoko, awawenza isivumelwano soxolo amaByzantine obonelela intlawulo asethi ezithile ephathekayo. Kwesi sivumelwano, okubhaliweyo apho amaGrike baye bagcina, nezaziwa Igor yena nomfazi wakhe Olga kunye Svyatoslav unyana wabo eqhelekileyo.

Domestic Politika Igorya Old

Prince wayedume ukutyhubela iminyaka njengomntu ngqongqo kwaye unzima. umnqobi ngempumelelo, ujoyine imeko yakhe entsha emhlabeni yaye ngoko obkladyvayut izizwe unikelo wayoyisa. Board Igor uzama ukukhumbula besoyisa Ulichi kunye Tivertsy, Drevlyane kunye nezinye iintlanga ezininzi.

Uxhathiso inamandla kwisikhulu waba drevlyans (ukoyisa kwabo kwenzeka ekuqaleni kobukumkani Igor, kunyaka 912). Abavuma ukuhlawula irhafu, kodwa Igor kunye nabantu bakhe egungxulweyo Drevlyane zokuhlala kunye nesohlwayo wayalela abahlali balapha ukuba uhlawule ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba. Drevlyans yavuma, kodwa nenqala womelela nxamnye nesikhulu amzonde ezintliziyweni zabo.

Politika Domestic Igorya Old iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye ezintsha lokuqokelela umnikelo, leyo kuthiwa polyudye. Le nkqubo yaba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Prince ngonyaka, kunye neqembu yakhe zaboniswa ummandla subordinated kuye iqokelelwe "irhafu" izizwe ababehlala apho. A irhafu wathabatha indlela yendalo: okuziinkozo, umgubo kunye nezinye ukutya kunye izikhumba zezilwanyana zasendle, iinyosi ubusi kunye nezinye zasendle. Prince badla amajoni waziphatha angaboyisi isibindi kunokuba isicelo lukhulu zokwenzakala kubantu abaqhelekileyo.

impumelelo nkqubo Foreign Igor

Yintoni ababephila enye wamkhumbula Igor Endala? nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle of Prince waba umlinganiswa ndlongondlongo, nto leyo akumangalisi, ngakumbi xa sikhumbula ukuba kutheni na, Igor ngokwakhe (mbali bathi iNkosana wayehluke ngumsindo eweni nogonyamelo).

impumelelo yakhe ngokwemiqathango zomkhosi kwakhona ayikwazi ngokuba uNothozamile. Waziphatha ngathi ngumbharbhari kothethayo, ngomlilo kunye ukusika ikrele ngokusebenzisa 'window' eYurophu ngelo xesha - yoBukhosi baseByzantium.

Ngaphandle kwabo sele ikhankanywe sithi ngaphezu amaphulo ezimbini zomkhosi nxamnye Byzantium, Igor wenza kuhambo kwi oLwandle lweCaspian. Malunga makalawule imithombo Arab, kodwa yeembali Russian ke lowo ongazanga ukhankanywe. Ngomhla iziphumo zeli phulo, kangako, kodwa Khazar kukholelwa ukuba aba ezinye iziphumo: imikhosi Igor kaThixo baba zizityebi edliwe wabuyela ekhaya-chola amaxhoba.

Kwakhona, ezinye mbali, sithembele kwimithombo isiHungary bakholelwa ukuba kunye Hungarians kwaye manyano Igor Old. ubhalo-nkqubo prince lwangaphandle ukuya ezi zizwe awayeyinxiba encedisayo kusenokwenzeka ukuba eminye uqhagamshelwano Rousseau kunye Hungarians, ebavumela ukuba ziququzelele amaphulo ngokudibeneyo emkhosini nxamnye Byzantium.

iimfihlelo ubuntu

IBhodi Igor endala nangona yaye yathatha iminyaka emininzi, kodwa akukaqondwa kakuhle ngenxa yokungabikho kwengcaciso malunga ezisingqongileyo ngokukhawuleza amanene kunye nezenzo zakhe.

Le paucity ulwazi malunga eli nani zembali, kodwa ezinye iiyantlukwano (umzekelo, njengokuba imihla yobomi bakhe, iminyaka karhulumente, usapho kunye nokufa), apho zifumaneka kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, kukhokelela ekubeni biography le ndoda eninzi amabala amhlophe.

Ngoko ke, kukho nokucingela ezahlukeneyo ngokuthi ngubani unina Igor. Umzekelo, V. Tatishchev - ngumbhali-mbali Petrine era - lubonisa ukuba i-Norman Princess Efanda. I Tatischev efanayo babecinga ukuba ngokwenene iqhawe ibali lethu ogama Inger, yaye kuphela emva igama lakhe similise Igor. UWele prince endala wayengekho kurhulumente, kodwa kamva, ngenxa yemihla Russian, ebizwa ngokuba 'yamandulo "okanye" omdala ". Kwaye ngenxa Igor wayengomnye Rurik yokuqala.

Ingcamango osisiseko yeBhodi Igor

Kakhulu zigxile kwi kwimbali Russian Prince Igor Old. Iziphumo lweBhodi ye umlawuli Russian enxulumene ekomelezeni aselula karhulumente Old Russian. Enyanisweni, Igor waqhubeka umgaqo-nkqubo kayise nezihlobo Oleg: yena wandisa urhulumente wenza amaphulo zomkhosi ukuba ubazisele eninzi ubutyebi, wenza isivumelwano soxolo Byzantines, sele liqalise inkqubo yokubizwa kweerhafu izifundo zakhe.

Igor futhi ukushiya ngasemva umlandeli Svyatoslav enamandla, ngubani waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe. Isihloko ezininzi Prince Igor Old zibethelelwe kuphela wobukhosi bakhe, kodwa bandisa yimeko yabo.

Prince ukufa

Enye ugqaliselo edume ubomi Igor waqalisa ukufa kwakhe kabuhlungu ngogonyamelo.

umlando Russian sichaza esi siganeko: Prince Igor Old, ngokuphumelela Drevlyane ngonyaka yayikukuba ukuqokelela irhafu. Ngoko wabhalisa kunyaka 945. yomdlalo fanele ukuba Drevlianys ngokusa, Amadoda kakhulu ukuqina kunokuba ukuba ukungoneliseki kwabo ezicacileyo. Ngapha koko, Drevlyane ebeyinganga layo igama kuMalaki, nto leyo ibonwa njengendlela uloyiso welinye icala, Igor.

Ukuhlangana Drevlyane unikelo ngokwaneleyo, Prince waphuma nomkhosi wakhe ngakumbi, Noko ke, babezibuza kwindlela emva koko akazange athathe kangangoko ufuna. Yaba ngeli xesha impazamo ebulalayo bazibophelela Igor Old. ngosuku olulandela Iziganeko kwaba ngayo.

Prince wakhupha squad yakhe enkulu waza waya Drevlianys ukuba ngokomlinganiso entsha, enempi encinane. Abo ekubeni Igor unamandla amancinane, kujongwana nazo ngokuqatha, kunye nabantu bakhe. Ngokutsho legend, inkosana iye ebotshelelwe kwiincopho zemithi emikhulu babandulula ke. Nantsi ukufa komsindo wathabatha ukusuka Igor kuthiwa oyisa Drevlyane.

revenge kaOlga

Imibhalo Russian sixelele nje kuphela malunga kokufa Prince Igor, kodwa impindezelo obumangalisayo owoyikekayo, eyasetyenziswa umfazi wakhe - i ongumhlolokazi neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya Olga Pskov, kunye eseleyo nonyana oneminyaka emithathu ubudala Igor Svyatoslav ngaphandle unonophelo yendoda yakhe.

Ngoko ke, Olga wamngcatsha abathunywa Drevlyane isohlwayo ngenkohlakalo (bephila), kwaye ke iphulo wamajoni nxamnye Iskorosten, wayithimba ezikhukhula, ufekethe nabahlali. Ngokutsho legend, yena yafuna indlu nganye-3 ijuba kunye nondlunkulu 3. Emva kokufumana uhlobo uhlobo "kubafo", Olga wayalela ukubophelela yingxubuwa ngamnye birdie nesulfure, ukukhanyisa ebusuku, waqeshisa ngaso uhambe. Calculation yokukhohlisa Princess kwakunjalo: iintaka babuyela iindlwane zazo phantsi kophahla lwendlu ... Kamva, nyana Igor kaThixo Svyatoslav utyelwe ukuba ngukumkani phezu Drevlyane unyana wakhe Oleg.

Igor ibhodi Intsingiselo

Ababhali-mbali bayavuma ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo we Igor Old Sisonke HIV, kwaye bethwele inzuzo Russia. Waliseka ihlabathi phezu kwemimiso yalo karhulumente, leyo yayisekelwe ngubani kwenene, amandla nabalindi bakhe wamajoni kunye nezakhono ozakuzo. Ngamanye amaxesha kabuhlungu kwaye unceremoniously subjugating izizwe ezingabamelwane ngokwabo, Igor, Noko ke, ukwakha inkqubo entsha kobudlelwane, leyo wavunyelwa ukuba angen neqonga entsha yophuhliso - ukusuka uluntu nezizwe ukuba ngokwanelisayo kukarhulumente.