Ethile nendawo lenkundla ulamlo

Inkqubo kulamlo lokugqibela, ezifana, ingakumbi, yoluntu, kuthetha ukusekwa kolawulo kunye kolawulo kweembambano ezahlukeneyo. Kuphela ngaphandle isisombululo echanekileyo kulo mzekelo ngxaki ukuze ziqwalaselwe iziko sokwahlulela nempikiswano. Zeziphi iindlela ezingundoqo zokwenza isigqibo kolawulo kunye negunya ngokukhethekileyo kulamlo? Kwezinye iimeko, noku kunyanisa ezinokuchaphazela ukuma amaqela kwimbambano?

Yintoni ingakumbi kolawulo ulamlo?

Kolawulo lwakhe, ezo kolawulo sokugweba arbitral ilawulwa nezibonelelo Arbitrazh Procedure Code. Igama lokuqala libhekisela umahluko phakathi kobuchule komthetho arbitrations COP RF kwakunye arhente yolawulo jikelele. Oko kukuthi, omnye okanye elinye, inkundla iqwalasele kuphela ezo izinto aphantsi kolawulo lwalo ngokusekelwe komthetho okhoyo. Ngokuphathelele kulamlo, ubuchule babo kuphela ubukhulu becala ingqalelo kweembambano noqoqosho phakathi kwamashishini.

Ngenxa yoko, isibaluli engundoqo kolawulo iimeko ezithile kulamlo - uhlobo ubudlelane. Kule meko sithetha ngayo iingxaki zoqoqosho. Kukho elinye kwingongoma ebalulekileyo kolawulo yamatyala arbitral - ubudlelwane kuqamba yesifundo. Cinga iinkcukacha zayo ezithile.

kuqamba ndaba njengenqobo kolawulo lomthetho: bokuqonda

Ngokungqinelana nemiqathango Arbitrazh Procedure Code, zophawu yorhwebo, apho zifundo zilandelayo inxaxheba:

- amaqumrhu asemthethweni kunye noosomashishini ngabanye;

- kwiimeko ezichazwe ngumthetho - abantu emzimbeni abangabhaliswanga njenge PI;

- oorhulumente, ngokunjalo namaziko, musa ukuba ubume esemthethweni.

Ngenxa yobume ulwalamano, kwakunye njengenqobo kulamlo lokugqibela ingqalelo, ngoko ke, ukusombulula iingxabano kwezoqoqosho endle:

- ngobuhlobo;

- ubuhlobo zolawulo.

Ethile nendawo kwamatyala kwiinkundla nolamlo zinakho kuwa ngoko ngaphantsi kolawulo zolawulo komthetho. Kule ndawo na ulamlo lomthetho liya kuba nelungelo lokuba amacala eziquka:

- nge izenzo mngeni yokulawula ezihlambela amalungelo kunye nomdla qumrhu kwezoqoqosho;

- umngeni izenzo ezingezo-emisiweyo yokuba abasemagunyeni;

- Amatyala zolawulo, ukuba ingqalelo kwazo kwisakhono kwiziko arbitral.

Kukho inani kujonge okuluphawu kolawulo kwamatyala ulwalamano zasemthethweni ezifanelekileyo kunokudenda.

Amagunya amatyala kulamlo: i bokuqonda

Ngoko ke, xa kusenziwa, inxalenye enkulu iimbambano ukuba phakathi kolawulo amaziko achaphazelekayo (kolawulo sokugweba arbitral ukwasebenza), ezinxulumene umngeni izigqibo kunye nezigqibo nabasemagunyeni ezahlukeneyo zolawulo. Ngelo xesha ke kwakhona ukuba umngeni izenzo zomthetho ekhutshwe ngamagosa ngamnye. Phakathi kwezinye ingxabano, ukusonjululwa leyo kwekhono ulamlo:

- awile;

- mpikiswano kwi ukusekwa, lahlukene kunye lomqhubi iinkampani;

- Iimbambano malunga nokubhaliswa lwamashishini;

- iimbambano phakathi abanini izibambiso kunye namacandelo oshishino;

- imicimbi ephathelele kukhuselo igama lakhe ishishini ngoku.

Kakade ke, ngokungqinelana nomthetho Russian ukuze kuvela ezinye phantsi kolawulo lwamatyala (iintlobo zolwaphulo mthetho) zeenkundla ulamlo. Kwezinye iimeko, iziko unokuvumela luthathwe iimbambano corporate. Kodwa ke kule meko zithathelwa ingqalelo:

- uhlobo kakuhle isifundo kweembambano zomthetho amaqela;

- iimpawu umsebenzi yezoqoqosho lweshishini;

- kwavusa zomthetho nezobudlelwane phakathi kumaqela akwingxabano;

- awohluke le fom yomthetho lweshishini.

Kuqhelekile isibheno akuqhelekanga zamaziko zoshishino kulamlo zokusonjululwa kweembambano ezinxulumene kwi non-nokwenziwa izivumelwano iifem izibophelelo izivumelwano.

Ngenxa yoko, izakhono ezingundoqo ulamlo - ngokutsha:

- iingxabano zembambano - kwisikhokelo ubudlelwane zomthetho, ezo zilawulwa kakhulu izithethe kweKhowudi Civil;

- amatyala anxulumene kwimisebenzi yorhwebo okanye ezinye kwezoqoqosho (ngokucalula evela ukusebenza zamaqela kwezivumelwano, ukuphunyezwa kwe yobonelelo, ukudlulisela imbuyekezo yeempahla kunye neenkonzo ezithile).

Amaqela imbambano sele kolawulo ulamlo, ngokufuthi babe ngabemi babhalise koosomashishini, abanini zoshishino, amaziko oshishino. Kwezinye iimeko kumaqela akwingxabano libe urhulumente kunye kamasipala nabasemagunyeni. Ngenxa inxaxheba amathuba arbitrage kunye nokusonjululwa kweembambano entsimini ubudlelwane zolawulo, ukuba ikhona, ngokuyintloko kwezoqoqosho ngokwendalo.

Kolawulo - kubalulekile ukuba kuqwalaselwe ityala yi sokugweba arbitral. Kuphela kukwiimeko apho umbango uneempawu ezithile, loo nto ithathwa liziko kulamlo lokugqibela.

Kwindawo yokuqala kuthathelwa ingqalelo uhlobo lobudlelane zomthetho, kule meko kufuneka ukuba noqoqosho. Ukuba oku akunjalo, ngoko lo mba uthunyelwe kwisakhono wenkundla wolawulo ngokubanzi.

Ixabiso nayo Isimo ngokomthetho amaqela kwimbambano. Ukuba bengengabo imibutho zorhwebo, ityala nako subordinated kwinkundla wolawulo ngokubanzi. Kakade ke, lo mthetho Russian angaseka ngaphandle le migaqo.

Kunye wolawulo indima ebalulekileyo kakhulu ukusombulula iingxabano yezoqoqosho udlala kolawulo kwesihlalo sokugweba arbitral. Cinga iinkcukacha zayo ezithile.

Yintoni ingakumbi wolawulo kwinkqubo ulamlo

Kolawulo inkundla arbitral - nenkqubo bokunikeza ityala ethile kwisakhono amaziko athile, ngokusekelwe iimpawu zalo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Amagunya kwinkqubo ulamlo ihlelwa iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili:

- generic;

- indawo.

Khawuve ukuba abamele.

ulawulo patrimonial loss

iimpahla okulamla amatyala kolawulo Generic kubandakanya ubuchule ngokucaciswa Review of Kwiimeko ezithile kumaziko, kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yenkundla.

Ngenxa yoko, ngokungqinelana nemigaqo zeengxabano cap RF ekuqaleni zithathwa ziinkundla okulamla ye-Russian Federation. Nabo bazimisele, umzekelo, kolawulo yoLamlo iNkundla eMoscow, eSt Petersburg. Ngenxa yoko, umthamo okubalulekileyo macala kwi kwisakhono Armed Forces (ngo-2014 wafudukela linobuchule le Russian Federation nenza ngenxa kuphuculo yenkundla), ezizezi:

- imibuzo umngeni imimiselo, esayinwe nguMongameli of Russia, ekhutshwe yi ngurhulumente, arhente federal, xa kufanelekile NPA kuchaphazela amalungelo kunye nomdla qumrhu kwezoqoqosho;

- imibuzo izenzo umngeni non-olumisiweyo zomthetho ezikhutshwe ngurhulumente, iingxabano noqoqosho phakathi abasemagunyeni yase kanye lommandla, yimixholo ye RF.

Ngoku makhe siqwalasele oko okwenza lwezobulungisa lwengingqi iinkundla ulamlo.

lwezobulungisa lwengingqi

Eli gama ekwafanekisa le ezininzi imithetho ulamlo-zenkqubo ekusekeni imigaqo nolwazi umahluko abo okanye amanye amaziko ukuba kwinqanaba elifanayo kwinkqubo yenkundla. Oko kuxhomekeke kolawulo kwamatyala kwiinkundla zamatyala okulamla kwezi zifundo RF ezithile. kubo bonke status efanayo kwezomthetho. Amagunya le Moscow weNkundla yoLamlo kubalwa ngokuthi kususelwe iikhrayitheriya efanayo, ngokusekelwe apho ubuchule efanayo zimiselwa ngokunxulumene namaziko ukuphumeza imisebenzi nayiphi na enye indawo of Russia.

Types of lwezobulungisa lwengingqi

Ngokungqinelana ne-APC RF lwezobulungisa lwengingqi ihlelwa iintlobo eziliqela:

- jikelele;

- enye;

- nezivumelwano;

- ezizodwa.

Makhe sifunde iimpawu ngamnye kubo ngokweenkcukacha.

ulawulo jikelele ndawo

Imithetho emisela imboniselo igqalwa yolawulo indawo, ulwalathiso ekujoliswe ulamlo ubanga indawo kobhaliso okanye yokuhlala yommangalelwa. Okanye ngokungqinelana kunye namaxwebhu usemthethweni iqumrhu elisemthethweni, ukuba kukho iqela le mbambano. Ngenxa yoko, kolawulo kwamatyala kwiinkundla kulamlo apho esinye sezifundo yobudlelwane esemthethweni ngummi unokusekelwa kwindawo yommangalelwa iinqununu yokuhlala.

ulawulo Alternative

Ulawulo lomthetho, nokumisela uhlobo olufanelekileyo kwindawo, zibonisa ithuba ukukhetha iziko elithile, ucinga imbambano, ummangali ngqo. Umzekelo, ukuba akazi ncam indawo somanyano okanye yokuhlala, esi senzo kujolisa kwindawo impahla yakhe.

Ukuba enyanisweni abamangalelwa eziliqela, isicelo kulo mzekelo iya kulamlo kwindawo kobhaliso okanye ekuhlala kuyo nayiphi na kuzo. Ukuba ummangalelwa phesheya, ulawulo ezinye ezifunda yamatyala arbitral lubonisa ulwalathiso zamabango iziko kwindawo indawo kwipropati ngamaqela.

Kwimeko bavumelane isifundo - ukubulawa lesivumelwano, isicelo mayingeniswe kulamlo kwindawo ngokubulawa kwale mvumelwano. Ukuba iqela kwimbambano - lombutho kwesebe, nto leyo engaphandle indawo sobhaliso esemthethweni, esi senzo kusiwa enkundleni uxanduva nokubuyekeza imicimbi kwintsimi oluhloniphiweyo.

ulawulo prorogated

kolawulo yesivumelwano sokugweba arbitral kubonisa ithuba ngokutshintsha iikhrayitheriya ezichazwe ngenxa yolawulo indawo okanye enye ngokuhambelana nesivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela kwimbambano. Kubalulekile ukuba esi sivumelwano yafikelelwa phambi ulamlo ukuba athathe inyathelo nxamnye imveliso.

ulawulo

Olunye uhlobo nendawo - olusecaleni. Oku kubandakanya ingqalelo kwimeko kwinkundla kulamlo lokugqibela.

Umzekelo, ukuba isihloko zembambano - estate lenene, ummangali uya kungenisa isicelo enkundleni kwindawo wobhaliso sakhiwo. Nokuzimisela inkundla arbitral (jurisdiction) ukuba isifundo esi sicelo - izinto ngokohlobo leenqanawa, izithuthi umoya, izinto isithuba, kwenziwa ngokusekelwe yobhaliso imo indawo yezinto ehambelana.

Ukuba isihloko ibango - ngasonye kwi contract yezo nqwelwana, ngoko ke uya kulamlo kwindawo lokubhaliswa yenethiwekhi. Ukuba isibheno kwinkundla oluqhutywa imilinganiselo, isibhengezo kufuneka ithunyelwe enkundleni kuloo ndawo wobhaliso onetyala. Xa kufikwa ekusekeni izibakala ezifanelekileyo, kummandla wolawulo wenkundla ulamlo kwiimbambano kule meko uzimisele ngokusekelwe lisebenzela kuyo okanye awayehlala sicelo okanye, ukuba isihloko zembambano - impahla kwindawo ekuyo lwesakhiwo.

Ukuba isibheno kulamlo yenziwa ukuze umngeni izenzo kwenkonzo igosa lezomthetho, isicelo ziya kungeniswa kwi kwiziko indawo ye ummeli we-arhente, nto leyo eyenza isigqibo impikiswano okanye ukwenza mthethweni, ngokutsho ngummangali, isenzo.

Ukuba kumaqela akwingxabano - mveliso Russian bazenzayo ishishini phandle, imithetho wolawulo sokugweba arbitral zibandakanya kufakwa ibango kulamlo kwindawo yobhaliso eRashiya.

Xa sithetha 'umngeni isigqibo ezinikezelwa yi sokugweba arbitral kwakunye kunikezelo a an ukubulawa kwi kwimeko, isimangalo egcinwe ngenxa yolamlo kule ngingqi, ummandla apho ingqalelo ingxabano.

Xa kuziwa ngokufaka isicelo nendlela oqhutywa ngayo izigqibo zeenkundla angaphandle, uxwebhu ahambelanayo ithunyelwe kwindawo kobhaliso okanye awayehlala onetyala okanye indawo kwipropati.

Ngoko ke, siye wajonga iintlobo eziphambili kolawulo kwamatyala kwiinkundla kulamlo. Ngoku makhe siqwalasele inani kujonge okuluphawu umsebenzi kumaziko kulamlo ekusombululeni iingxaki phakathi nobuchule babo. Ngoko ke, kuya kuba luncedo ukuba ukuhlola ulawulo ugqibe ngayo kwi nemiba enxulumene noko.

Amagunya kunye nemiba enxulumene

Imeko apho kukho imfuneko kwi isisombululo lo msebenzi, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukuba, umzekelo, inikezelwa njengenxenye mbambano kulo ibango. Enoba kubonakala kolawulo lwayo, kufuneka ziphathwe ulamlo enye ingxelo yokuqala. Ukuba isimangalo sigcwalisiwe wesithathu, ngokuhambelana nezibonelelo zoMthetho Arbitrazh Procedure Code, yena mayibhekiswe ngqo enkundleni, nto leyo libona zengxabano.

Amagunya kwi Affairs zothumelo

Omnye umba ephawulekayo inkqubo ulamlo - ukudluliselwa wolawulo ityala. A inkundla eqwalasela kwimbambano ethile, ngoko, ukuba umthume kwelinye iziko namatyala ezinikiweyo ngumthetho. Naliphi na icala kwenziweyo inkqubo ulamlo kufuneka kufundwa kwimfaneleko, kwanokuqwalasela ithuba ugqithiselo lwakhe enye inkundla. yokungeniswa imbambano kulamlo lokugqibela omnye komnye, ngubani na nayo kwinqanaba elifanayo, ikhutshwa phandle ukuba:

- iqembu ummangalelwa, wafaka isicelo bagqithisele imbambano kulamlo kwindawo yokuhlala okanye sobhaliso, ukuba abathanga ayaziwa kwangaphambili;

- omabini amacala ingxabano ithunyelwe kulamlo motion ngenjongo yokuba iqwalaselwe ukuze impikiswano indawo ubungqina engundoqo;

- kwenzeka sokugweba wasiphakamisa kunjalo kwephulwa imigaqo emisela ulawulo lweenkundla ulamlo le-Russian Federation;

- omnye amaqela sikhokelo imbambano - kulamlo lokugqibela, leyo iya kuphonononga kwimeko kokungagqibekanga, ngokusekelwe kwezi khrayitheriya ukumisela kolawulo lwayo;

- ukusebenza Ukungafaneleki ziijaji okanye kukho ezinye izizathu ezibangela ukuba ukunqongophala ithuba ukuze kwakhiwe yamaTyala Arbitral ukuze kuqwalaselwe kwimbambano ethile.

Kwimeko apho nowenziwa ukuthunyelwa kwiimeko ezithile ukusuka yolamlo omnye komnye, inkundla iza kwenza i ukuzimisela efanelekileyo. Ngokutsho komthetho bekusenzeka engamkelekanga kweembambano eziphakathi kwe-arhente ezifanelekileyo kolawulo lamatyala.

isishwankathelo

Ngoko ke, siye safunda undoqo kolawulo kunye kolawulo kwinkqubo kulamlo lokugqibela. Igama lokuqala ingqamana wokuhlangana iikhrayitheriya lowo useka ukuba ityala ethile kufuneka kubonwa kwi-sikhokelo yenkqubo ulamlo. Imbambano ephambili, ukusonjululwa leyo kwisakhono yamatyala arbitral - noqoqosho.

Kwimeko Ngokubanzi amaqela kwinkqubo ulamlo zibe ngamashishini. Kodwa kwiimeko ezichazwe ngumthetho ukuze babe ngabemi, amagunya karhulumente. Kwimeko impikiswano kolawulo lusekiwe, kuyimfuneko ukumisela kolawulo lwayo. Ezi ngcinga, ke ngoko, kwiimeko ezininzi ingqalelo kwimeko efanayo. Oku kuyimfuneko, ngoko, ukuqinisekisa kolawulo, zibekele iikhrayitheriya bokunikeza amatyala kolawulo kwiziko elithile arbitral.

Iindidi eziphambili kolawulo kwamatyala kwiinkundla kulamlo - yesizwe kunye zendawo (nto leyo, ukuba zihlelwe ukuba iindidi ezimbalwa ezongezelelweyo). Kwimeko yokuqala ukwabiwa zengqibelelo ulamlo ayenza banikwa ukuba iinkundla zisebenza kumanqanaba amabini - zommandla zesizwe. Kuba imbambano ifakwe, umzekelo, kolawulo Moscow yoLamlo iNkundla okanye enye, leyo isebenza njengeziko arbitral ye-Russian Federation. Kwelinye icala, iindidi ezithile iimbambano nako kuqwalaselwa kuphela yiNkundla Ephakamileyo.

ulawulo Territorial ingasekwa, amnike inani elikhulu kweekhrayitheriya ezifana, ngokomzekelo, ubukho isivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela imithetho ethile yomthetho nabafuna nxaxheba inkqubo yolamlo ukumisela ulawulo olusekelwe kwindlela ethile. Ithuba yenza ukudluliselwa ukusuka kwelinye iziko ukuya kwenye kulamlo kwiimeko ezichazwe ngumthetho.

Kukho bokuqonda ukuba isenza isigqibo yolawulo kwi-sikhokelo kweembambano, ezivelayo sokubala-amabango okanye iingxelo ezivela kubantu besithathu. Imibuzo kufuneka sicinge iimbambano kolawulo phakathi arbitrations ezahlukeneyo malunga ingqalelo izinto ezithile. Lo mthombo uphambili mthetho, iinkundla kufuneka ukuba uzulazule ngemvumelwano konxibelelwano ezinjalo, - i-Arbitrazh Procedure Code. Le Code kwakhona silawula kunye nemiba wolawulo iimeko ezithile kwiinkundla kulamlo.