Yeyiphi kuthetha unelungelo lokusebenza. Amalungiselelo jikelele komthetho wezabasebenzi

Umthetho ngokuthe gca, apho iindlela ilungelo emsebenzini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa unomdla kulo mbuzo, kuyimfuneko ukuba abhekisele ngokucacileyo ukuba i-Universal Declaration of Human Rights, ekubeni lo mthombo inokuthenjwa. Noko ke, izinto eziza kuqala.

mthetho

Kukho uxwebhu enjalo, njengoko ICESCR. Le kweSivumelwano on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Kwaye shana kodwa ngokucacileyo, nto leyo ithetha ukuba ekunene ukuya emsebenzini. Kwaye le yenye yeendlela ezingundoqo namalungelo oluntu kwezoqoqosho. Kwakhona, le lwazi kwinqaku-118 loMgaqo-siseko USSR (1936), yaye kamva wamashumi amane, kodwa uxwebhu ilandelayo (1977). Okokugqibela, ukuba bubulungisa na nqaku savunywa. №37 loMgaqo-siseko Russian Federation. Ithi ukuba umntu ngamnye angasebenza, kodwa kuphela phantsi kweemeko bazifezekisayo iimfuneko zempilo nokhuseleko.

Kodwa iinkcukacha ezininzi ingafumaneka kwi-Declaration Universal kakubi. Kukho unelungelo lokusebenza ithi, ukuba ngamnye kuthi ukhululekile ukuba ukhethe umsebenzi, imali kwiimeko lobulungisa bokukhetha, ukuba bakhuselwe ngqesho, ukuba bafumane umvuzo ophucukileyo kwaye bokukhetha intlawulo. Ngokubanzi, ukuba konke okufunayo olungileyo, ubomi obutofotofo yaye basebenzise umsebenzi kwabo iziyolo - ukuba ukucacisa ngolwimi olulula.

lobandlululo

Ukuthetha ngento lithetha ilungelo lokuba ukusebenza, kubalulekile ukukhumbula le ingqalelo esi sifundo. Ucalulo ebesoloko waba indawo. Kwaye apha kwiindibano ILO kunye neengcebiso ngokucacileyo zikarhulumente: akufuneki ukuba khona. Ekusebenziseni inkululeko namalungelo oluntu, kukho ukulingana kuphela.

Eyona nto intle ngayo uxoxwa i-Convention №111. Ithi ngokucacileyo ukuba lithetha ilungelo ukusebenza yaye kutheni kufuneka kubekho kucalulwa. Iminxeba uxwebhu uRhulumente ukuchonga aze emva koko kuphunyezwe umgaqo-nkqubo kazwelonke, leyo ijolise ekukhuthazeni ukulingana ithuba bonke abantu ngokunxulumene zengqesho kunye nabasebenzi. Eyona njongo ephambili - ukuphelisa ucalucalulo (ngokwesini, ubudala, ubuzwe, nokomzimba kunye nemihlaba yenkolo).

Inqaku 37 loMgaqo-siseko

Kolu xwebhu, i-Russian eziphambili yabeka kwakhona izibonelelo jikelele umthetho yabasebenzi. UMgaqo-siseko uthi umsebenzi - ngokuzithandela. Wonke umntu unelungelo lokuba ukulahla ngokukhululekileyo amakhono abo, uze ukhethe uhlobo lomsebenzi wobutitshala yena uthanda. Eli nqaku lithi ukuba ngebhaxa kuyathintelwa.

Nokuba ku xwebhu kumanqaku unelungelo zesininzi umntu emigudwini iimbambano sisikhokelo sesisombululo apho uvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ethile yi federal ngumthetho. Ezi, ngasendleleni, kubhekisela yogwayimbo (hayi athandwa kakhulu eRashiya sebenzo jikelele).

Okokugqibela, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - wonke umsebenzi umntu unelungelo lokuphumla. Umntu osebenza phantsi isivumelwano yengqesho, ngaphandle kokuba veki neeholide zoluntu, ikhefu lonyaka ihlawulwe. Hlela ukuba nalo mgangathweni.

Inkqubo yomthetho Russian

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ingqalelo. Inkululeko emsebenzini, unelungelo abasebenzi, imeko ngokubanzi - oku yaye phi na abathile umdla. Kodwa asimele silibale ukuba kukho isebe yonke eyahlukileyo equlethe zonke iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo malunga nesihloko. Kwaye lo mthetho yabasebenzi. It ufunda nobudlelwane kwezentlalo ngokuphathelele ukusetyenziswa kwabasebenzi baqesha (idla phantsi isivumelwano sengqesho). Yiyo le sebe uchaza imisebenzi kunye namalungelo abathathi-nxaxheba zezi wobudlelwane. Yeyiphi kudla ngokuquka abaqeshi, abasebenzi kunye nemibutho yabo. Isiseko sale Imboni ilungelo lomgaqo-siseko.

Lo mthetho usekho munye. Kwaye umsebenzi mthetho izalana ngokusondeleyo loluntu zokhuseleko, belwenziwe Code Labour kuthetha umntu bafumana imali kunye ne-inshorensi benefits. Ukongeza, kukho ezincinane, njengoko uncedo urhulumente ukuba abangasebenziyo. Olu hlobo ukhuseleko lwentlalo kwabemi. Kanti ke noko Code Labour uqulathe ezimeleyo phezu yengqesho abantwana, abasetyhini kunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo.

ezinye iinkcukacha

Ngoko ke, yintoni intsingiselo unelungelo lokusebenza, kucacile. Ngoku kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthetha into enye. Leyo yindlela nomthetho wezemisebenzi yekhampasi yoluntu. Apha, yonke kulula. Ingongoma ibalulekileyo - ke inshorensi yabemi ziingozi ezingenzeka emsebenzini, ngexesha ekusebenziseni umsebenzi wakhe. Kodwa hayi nje kuphela ngenxa yokulimala esinazo engqondweni. Kwakhona, sithetha izifo emsebenzini. Ukuze nawuphi na umonakalo kubantu, ngokungqinelana nomthetho waseburhulumenteni, kwaye kubuyiselwa imbuyekezo yokuziphatha. Oku kukwasebenza ngokufanayo kwiimeko apho kukho okungalunganga nokugxothwa okanye translation.

Kukwakho umthetho lolwaphulo-mthetho. Umqeshi ongawuthobeliyo imigaqo wokhuseleko yabasebenzi okanye zizathu zibambekayo ukuqesha lowo kufanelekile kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi, elijongene nayo yaye ukuze bohlwaywe. Kunjalo amatyala ukugxothwa ngendlela engafanelekanga.

Ngokubanzi, njengoko sibonile, nomthetho wezemisebenzi silawula nobudlelwane kwezentlalo.

on yokhuseleko

Ngelishwa, ukubambezeleka umvuzo - asinto ingaqhelekanga. Kwaye wonke umntu unelungelo lokuba isivumelwano nabo, le nto ibandakanya ilungelo emsebenzini. Yintoni na ilungelo lokuba ukusebenza? Eli lithuba ayeke ukwenza imisebenzi umsebenzi wabo ukuba umvuzo bengahlawulwa ngaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-15. Kodwa ngaphambi koku, umqeshwa kufuneka azise umqeshi ngeenjongo zakhe (ngembalelwano kuphela). Xa ababhalise, intlawulo ubophelelekile ukuba abuyele emsebenzini wakhe. Akukho mfuneko yakuzixhalisa malunga ukugxothwa - eli lungelo sicaciswa gca kwinqaku th 142 of Code Yabasebenzi.

Loo nto yonke. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ingqalelo inqaku №91 iKhowudi lezeMisebenzi, nto leyo ichaza ulwazi malunga iiyure zomsebenzi. Ubuninzi - kube ziiyure ezingama-40 ngeveki. Kwaye ke umqeshi kufuneka agcine irekhodi ngexesha esebenza ngayo layo umsebenzi ngamnye. "Yokuphonononga" ezahlukahlukeneyo ngaphandle kwembuyekezo akuvumelekanga. Umntu ilungelo lokwala lokuchophela eqhelekileyo.

iholo

Oku mhlawumbi njengezona nkalo zitshisa ibunzi, isibetho yaye kubalulekile umxholo oluwachaphazela ngqo mthetho yabasebenzi. Phezu komyalelo, indawo kunye nexesha kweentlawulo s / n kubhaliwe kwinqaku we-136 i-Code Yabasebenzi.

Ithi ukuba iholo ebizwayo hayi ngaphantsi kwe zonke iintsuku ezili-15. Kunye nokuhlawula umqeshi kufuneka azise umqeshwa ngeleta ebhaliweyo. Asiyiyo yodwa ke iholo, kodwa kwakhona kubungakanani yembuyekezo, iibhonasi, isohlwayo iindleko, njl njl

Kweli nqaku №191 indawo eneenkcukacha kwi iibhonasi. Uyatsho ukuba umqeshi unelungelo (kodwa hayi, ngelishwa) ukuvuza abasebenzi babo, ngomoya omhle kwaye ngcono kunabanye esenza imisebenzi yawo. Zonke iintlobo nemivuzo, ngasendleleni, nanzo zibhaliwe kwisivumelwano, ngoko umele uyifunde uze ubuze imibuzo, kungenjalo kukho ingozi yokuba ashiywe ngaphandle iibhonasi.

Kulungile, nantso iziseko ukuba ufanele wazi sonke. Ngapha koko, sonke ngandlel 'ithile uqhagamshele kumxholo kwaye kufuneka bazazi amalungelo abo.