Yintoni iziphumlisi? imithetho iziphumlisi. Hlola zokubhala

Kwenkulungwane ngaphezu kwesinye wabumba amaxabiso nganye iimpawu zokubhala, kwaye yenza ingcamango yokuba iziphumlisi ezinjalo. Yonke imizekelo ongaphumelelanga ngoko ezikhethiweyo, kwaye osenyongweni uqine iprozi.

Yintoni iziphumlisi, yaye ziziphi na imithetho ezisisiseko?

Nale mbono, sonke wadibana kwexesha lesikolo. Kodwa ke ukuba umntu ngoku ukuphendula ngokucacileyo umbuzo wokuba yintoni na iziphumlisi? Ngokuba umntu avareji ngokwaneleyo ukwazi ukuba imithetho nokubekwa zeziphumlisi. Cinga ezona ziphambili ukuba ungathanda ukuba uqabe phezu izifundo zesikolo niwuzalise isiseko solwazi.

Yonke ezifundiswa esikolweni xesha, wazibeka ekupheleni kwesivakalisi uveza umqondo epheleleyo. Kodwa ke kukho iimeko. Ngokomzekelo, cinga esi sivakalisi silandelayo: "Wabona ezandleni kwenye imvulophu. White. Buxande. Bengasiqondi. "

Xa isakhiwo esi sindululo, kwaye onke amanqaku (ngaphandle yokugqibela) singavalwa ngeziphumlisi. Kutheni umbhali wagqiba ekubeni abeke ingongoma apha? Kodwa ukuba oko ngakumbi ncam, ingongoma ibekwe nje kuphela apho ingcinga iphela isindululo, kodwa kwimeko apho umbhali ukholelwa ukuba uthe yonke ndifuna. Ngaphandle koku, ngokwemigangatho wabeka ingongoma enye, ekupheleni kwezivakalisi. Ukuba umbhali ubeka ingongoma phakathi-kwisivakalisi, yinto nje inkululeko yakhe. Xa ucaphule, Noko ke, akakwazi bayasigqwetha umbhalo, akunamsebenzi nokuba yintoni na uphicotho yabonisa neziphumlisi. Cinga eminye imithetho.

Amachaphaza kunye nemithetho neziphumlisi

Isichasi yencopho - amachaphaza. Olu phawu iziphumlisi obekwe, ukuba simemo ayikagqitywa okanye emisiwe. Kulo mzekelo, uyakwazi ukuza kunye unsaid sakho eqhubekayo. "Unokuyichaza njani poponyatnee, madam ..."

Olu phawu iziphumlisi inomnye intsingiselo, xa bonke Kuthiwa hayi, mhlawumbi, kwi reflection, umbhali wongeza into enye. "Xa isebe ... kodwa kungcono ukuba kubiza, apho isebe." (N. V. Gogol)

Amaxabiso omabini angu dot - incompleteness kunye nokungaqiniseki zingasetyenziswa kunye okanye ngokwahlukeneyo. Enye amachaphaza kubhale ezingekhoyo itekisi kwizivakalisi.

iimpawu zombuzo nesikhuzo

Ukuba bemiyo phezu uphawu lombuzo, imithetho iziphumlisi lubonisa ukuba, naye, Siphambene kwexabiso yencopho, kodwa kancinci. Ukuba ngongoma wazisa ukugqitywa yokucinga, uphawu lombuzo usalindele impendulo. Ulwimi Russian ukuthetha , ngokungqinelana nalo olu phawu iziphumlisi sele imvakalozwi kunye umbuzo amagama athile. Ngokomzekelo, njengoko kunjalo ilandelayo: "Kwenzeka ntoni kuye njengoko wayecinga indlela avakalelwa Ngaba ufuna ndivavanye, okanye bakwazi ukuxolela Akakwazi ukuthetha yonke into acinga navakalelwa ngayo, okanye ufuna ukuba buthathaka nto ????? yena, okanye ayenza yamibi? "

Ukuba umbhali ubeka ekupheleni isivakalisi na ingongoma, kwaye uphawu lwesikhuzo, oko kuthetha ukuba le ngxelo ukhathazeka gqitha ngaye. Ngoko ke, ukusetyenziswa uphawu lwesikhuzo, ngokutsho imithetho iziphumlisi, yahluke kuyaphi ukusetyenziswa ngongoma, amachaphaza kunye uphawu umbuzo: "! Sala, ulonwabo yam, ulonwabo bam mfutshane"

comma

Ukubeka isiphumlisi kwisivakalisi, umbhali uthi okwangoku lugqityiwe kwaye ziza kuqhubeka. Ikhefu akuchasa, indawo kunye ushiyelelo, ngenxa yokuba sele sivelisiwe isindululo alukapheli, yaye emlonyeni ngabom. Kunye iikoma edibanisiwe kwi inxalenye yonke zesindululo, zengcinga umbhali. Ngoko oku kangako uphawu iziphumlisi esahlula okanye izicatshulwa njengoko idibanisa amagama intsingiselo yetekisi.

Ngaphandle iziphumlisi kokuphatha akunakwenzeka ngaphandle iikoma, umzekelo: ". Yintoni na, Nkosi, nesilinda yakho ayikho kwaphela funny"

semicolon

Amanqaku iziphumlisi zilandelayo, apho siza kujonga - oko semicolon. Ukuba elithile kunye nelithi ingongoma, nencopho kunye nezinye ngokuchaseneyo ngamnye kubo. Ukusebenzisa semicolon kubonisa ukuba umbhali sele egqibile uninzi iingcinga zakhe, kunye nokutya umfundi engqondo, kodwa akukabikho lokugqibela, kwaye ziya kuqhubeka. Oku yindlela semicolon Russian yimbongi A. S. Pushkin:

Inkulu yaqala ukukhala
Kwaye ndaya kwisithuba esingenanto,
Le umtshakazi omhle
Bona ngakumbi ubuncinane kanye.
Apha uya; ne phezulu
intaba phambi kwakhe;
Ehlabathini ilizwe ungenanto;
Phantsi igalelo emnyama entabeni.

Kwakhona, lo semicolon idla ngokusetyenziswa endaweni ikoma, ukuba inxalenye zesindululo, leyo idibanisa, inkulu kakhulu kwaye lunzima kubume.

Imizekelo enjalo badla kakhulu unyuke imibhalo ziyahlonelwa zehlabathi: "Xa ixesha yeVictorian, nithi, ukuziphatha waba ngaphezu kwayo yonke enye into, kodwa sicinga ukuba abantwana abaninzi baba kwi Queen Victoria, kubonakala ukuba umntu othile ukuba disingenuous."

colon

Le umbhali usebenzisa lo umqondiso xa ndisiya achaze umyalezo wakhe ngaphambili. Ngokukodwa, phambi eziliqela amalungu yohlobo olunye isivakalisi emva generalizing mazwi: "Xa imyuziyam kusasa epheleleyo akulungise Queen wanikwa: isigqubuthelo, izihlangu kunye idyasi." Xa isindululo awuqulathanga i nemibutho yabasebenzi, phambi kokuba inxalenye yesibini kucetyiswa ukuba abeke colon ukuba likwancedisa inxalenye yokuqala, okanye nantoni na ichaza. Kwakhona, ikholoni isetyenziselwa intetho ngqo emva amazwi yombhali. Umzekelo: Ekugqibeleni ndathi kuye: "Ngaba ufuna ukuya ukuthatha uhambo kwi shaft?"

Yeyiphi abalinganiswa kudala ubunzima mkhulu?

Ubetheke - iziphumlisi kakhulu-kakhulu. Lusetyenziswa kwiimeko apho isigwebo igama okanye aluphelelanga, oko kukuthi xa angekhoyo "na", "ukuba" nesenzi-copula kunye like. Umzekelo: "nentsomi - uhlobo lwemveli apho abalinganiswa baxakeke umlingo, kwaye iziganeko zomlingo kwenzeka," - okanye: "Lotus - bunjengentyantyambo ubuhle ezinqabileyo" - okanye "iTire - uphawu iziphumlisi". Oko kukuthi, apha amanqaku iziphumlisi umi phakathi intloko nesivisa, leyo ahleliweyo izibizo. A dash ibekwe phambi generalizing igama ushwankathela ngelithi sengigqi elandulela eli, ngokusetyenziswa kwamalungu eyohlobo olulodwa. "ILotus, nesafron, wavuka - ukuba zonke iintyatyambo ezibe njengengcwele kwaye kakhulu iziqu kwiinkcubeko yamandulo mbombo-langa sethu." Nditsho uphawu iziphumlisi obekwe, ukuba eso sifundo-isibizo umi kwimeko yesivakalisi, kwaye isenzi isivisa esetyenziswa ifomu nethi le: ". Le ubuqhawe - ukuba ndiphume ndikuxelele inyaniso emehlweni zomntu"

Ungafaka kwaye kufuneka abeke liyahlasela ukuba intloko kunye nesivisa evakaliswe izenzi nethi: 'Lungisa uze ubhale ngaphandle iimpazamo - ukuhlonipha umntu oza kusifunda ileta yakho. "

Ababhali abaninzi ungathanda ukusebenzisa oodwi, oko kukuthi ukungacaci yayo kumsebenzi wabo, enze uphawu kweziphumlisi yokuqala kweziphumlisi.

Kodwa kuthekani luphindo okanye kwizibiyeli?

Quotes ngokufuthi esetyenziselwa kuyilo zentetho ngqo. Bona bahlukana amazwi umbhali, intetho ngqo okanye locaphulo. Kwakhona kule ndlela kukuba ngamnye amagama ekwanti ezingangeniyo indlela yokuthetha okanye hayi kanye ofanayo. Zibonele wena: "Intloko iqela wathi" bayagcuma 'phantsi ingcinezelo imo mthetho kunye "abakhohlakele"! " Quotes bakwazi ukugxininisa intsingiselo ngqo amazwi, okanye kuboniswa ngulo isigqebelo: "Aba" abasindisi ze iLizwe loobawo "ngokulula uya kuzisa ilizwe lethu aphume engxakini!"

Ukudla bodwa iingxelo ukuba athwale akukho lwazi esisiseko kunye nemvelaphi: ". Rose (watyalwa ngam) iza kukhumbuza ngabo maxesha babusisiwe" Ngenxa yoko, iziphumlisi kwisivakalisi kuxhomekeke nje kuphela imithetho engqongqo, kodwa kwisithuba nokuzimisela injongo yombhali.

zokubhala Unusual

Ngamanye amaxesha ababhali basebenzise engaqhelekanga iziphumlisi, ezifana iikoma umphunga, nto leyo unikelwa inxalenye ethile zesindululo. ingasetyenziswa Lo mgaqo mnye, kunye oodwi. In yayo isiphumlisi ixabiso isibini kunye dash apha benza njengoko braces. Ke ukuba kwekoma kunokwenzeka ukuba ukwaba isindululo yoyilo, ngokusebenzisa liyahlasela yalatha ukuba yinxalenye zesindululo, leyo ngengqiqo ka ngokwenene imisindo kwisicatshulwa lulonke. iziphumlisi neyiyo kulo mzekelo akayi kwenza impazamo echanekileyo ukutolika intsingiselo itekisi xa iyonke.

Xa sincokola ngayo iziphumlisi ngokubanzi (hayi kuphela kwisivakalisi), ngoko ke le ndawo ufanelekele aze asayine Section (§), apho amaninzi asetyenziswe headers, izakhelo kunye nezinto emazibekho headers, sub-izihloko kunye itekisi ekhethiweyo. ukuqonda kuthathelwe ingqalelo yonke imithetho ngasentla, unako ukuba ukuhlola upelo kunye neempawu zokubhala - le into awukwazi uzisole ixesha xa bebhala naluphi na isicatshulwa. Oku nje ngomlinganiselo imfundo yakho. Masithembe kweli nqaku, senza ukuphendula umbuzo oko neziphumlisi.