Umbuzo uphawu ngolwimi Russian, imisebenzi yayo kunye nopelo

Nabani na uqhelene iincwadi omdala Russian uyazi ukuba wadala i "script 'rhoqo amagama ngaphandle izithuba, ingakumbi ngenxa yokuba akukho ziphumlisi. Kuphela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XV kwimibhalo kweza indawo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane elandelayo wancediswa ikoma, kwaye ngqangi amaphepha "umhlali osisigxina" uphawu mbuzo kamva. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ukuya kule ndawo indima yakhe kangangexesha elithile eyenziwa yi semicolon. Emva umbuzo akazange kade ukuba bavele indawo lwesikhuzo.

Uphawu lisukela emva ilizwi Latin quaestio, bona bubonakala "ukukhangelwa impendulo." Kuba umfanekiso ipleyiti kusetyenziswa iileta q kwaye o, ngubani kuqala ezotywe unobumba enye ngezantsi enye ngasentla. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umfanekiso graphic kophawu fumene uhlobo curl belolonga kwindawo ezantsi.

Ntoni uphawu lombuzo

yolwimi Russian Fedor Buslaev wayesithi ukuba iziphumlisi (inzululwazi iziphumlisi) iye iinjongo ezimbini - ukunceda umntu ukuba achaze ngokucacileyo iingcamango zabo, yahlukanisa izindululo, kwakunye yinxalenye omnye komnye, kwaye bavakalise iimvakalelo. Ezi njongo kukuba, phakathi kwabanye, kwaye uphawu lombuzo.

Kakade ke, into yokuqala, into ethetha ukuba ubhalo - lo mbuzo. Kule ntetho yena va imvakalozwi efanelekileyo, ekuthiwa zogxininiso. Olunye uphawu lombuzo kunokuthetha ehexisayo okanye kwamathandabuzo. Izindululo nge uphawu lombuzo ngamanye amaxesha ukuchaza ngakuntsonkotha, ekuthiwa umbuzo-buciko. It ebuzwa hayi ngenjongo ukubuza, yaye ukuvakalisa uthando lwami, ingqumbo neemvakalelo efanayo nomelele, nokukhuthaza nomphulaphuli, umfundi ukuqonda isiganeko esithile. Impendulo yalo mbuzo buciko unikwa ngumbhali ngokwakhe. Le nkampani kunye umbuzo uphawu lokhuzo idlulisela intsingiselo ehexisayo.

Ngendawo oza kuxhoma kuyo, ukuba oko kuyimfuneko ukubeka loo mbandela

Ngeliphi isindululo indawo in Russian wabeka uphawu lombuzo? Uphawu idla ekupheleni, kodwa hayi kuphela. Siza kuqwalasela kwimeko nganye ngokweenkcukacha.

• Le uphawu lombuzo ekupheleni kwisivakalisi esilula, evakalisa umbuzo. (Umzekelo: Yintoni na nifuna ukuba kutheni amanzi wajika waba ngumkhenkce?)
• Le phawu lombuzo ngaphakathi kwisivakalisi zogxininiso kwi sengigqi yamalungu eyohlobo olulodwa. (Umzekelo: Yintoni ofuna ukupheka - uyose zeze isuphu?)
• Isigwebo compound lo mqondiso ibekwe ekupheleni kwaye ke xa kunokwenzeka ukuba onke amalungu alo umbuzo, nokuba iqulethe kuphela inxalenye yokugqibela yesivakalisi. (Umzekelo: 1. na Ndiza kulinda ixesha elingakanani ukuba ifowuni, okanye kungekudala uza kuba ithuba yam 2. Wahleka ngokusuk 'entliziyweni, nokuba ngubani na oya kuba xa ebona a joke onjalo?)
• Xa izivakalisi ezimbaxa uphawu zogxininiso ibekwe ekupheleni:
  1. Xa kuquka zombini igatya eliyintloko naphantsi. (Umzekelo: Ngaba uyazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni nemikhankaso ngumothuko?)
  2. Xa ifumaneka kuphela igatya eliyintloko. (Umzekelo: Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba asifuni khona ukuze kubekho uxolo?)
  3. Ukuba lo mbandela kuphothulwe kwi igatya. (Umzekelo: iingcinga ezahlukeneyo ngqindilili bemgxeka Isazela ezinobubi, nangona nokuba ubuncinane ukwenza into ukunceda udade wayo?)
• Xa isigwebo conjunctionless wabeka uphawu lombuzo ekupheleni:
  1. Ukuba umbuzo iqulethe zonke iindawo. (Umzekelo: ndiye phi na, apho ukufumana ikhusi, abayithintelayo ngaphandle ngesandla enobuntu kum?)
  2. Ukuba umbuzo nje inxalenye yokugqibela kuyo. (Umzekelo: Yiba vula kunye nam: indlela ndililahlile ukuphila?)

Apho ukubeka uphawu lombuzo ukuba ufuna bayayithandabuza

Ekumiseleni kwamathandabuzo, ukusola, uphawu lombuzo ngabaza zibekwe phakathi iziphakamiso ze ntwanano kwizibiyeli: (?) Thumela amadoda iiyunifom, amabanjwa okanye ukusebenza wahlala ngeenxa komlilo.

Xa uphawu lombuzo, awukwazi ukubeka

Kwizivakalisi ezimbaxa apho izandi phantsi ngathi umbuzo ngqo, umbuzo ungacimi umlinganiswa. (Umzekelo: mna zange ndimxelele kutheni ukufunda le ncwadi.) Noko ke, ukuba uphawu lombuzo iphezulu kakhulu, isindululo ngemibuzo ngqo nga isithsaba ngolu phawu. (Umzekelo:? Andikwazi ukuqonda, ukuze ke yokusombulula le ngxaki unomdla kakhulu, ndibe ngusozigidi)

intsingiselo efihlakeleyo

Ngamanye amaxesha sixoxe umlinganiswa abakhankanywe bolwimi ngenjongo yimizekeliso, efuna ukuvakalisa into twisisaka, iyinto ezifihlakeleyo. Kulo mzekelo, ibinzana elithi "uphawu lombuzo" iyalila isikweko. (Umzekelo: Iziganeko wayehlala kuba kum icace le mfihlelo, uphawu lombuzo, ezinye eqaqambileyo, kodwa iphupha edidayo.)

uphawu lombuzo Somersault

Kukho iilwimi apho olu phawu uba "ngamahla ndinyuka." Umzekelo, isiGrike Old Church (Church Orthodox kusetyenziswa) abhalwe ngeelwimi ke uzidibanisa phantsi ingongoma phezulu. NgeSpanish, bemi ekupheleni kuphawu zezivakalisi zogxininiso esongezelelwe yalo omfusa 'iwele. " Ukoma zibheke enye indlela, yena ihonjiswe ngezicatshulwa Arabhu. uphawu lombuzo uphantsi-phantsi waza wajika ulwimi lokuprograma.