Ukuwa kwe-Emphaya Western wamaRoma

Ukuwa Western uBukhosi baseRoma - umxholo lwaqaliswa historiography lomnye-mbali banempembelelo Edward Gibbon (1737-1794). umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu "Imbali Iyawohloka Nokuwa uBukhosi baseRoma" wenza ingcamango kakuhle yaziwa kubafundi abanomdla kakhulu kule ngxaki. Nangona asikwazi ukuba Gibbon waba ngowokuqala lowo wazinikela nasekufundweni nini yaye kutheni bubukhosi cwe yehla. Ukususela ngenkulungwane elinesibhozo le mibuzo, izazinzulu ezininzi kukukhanuka, njalo benikela iingcamango ezintsha. Njengoko omnye umphengululi laphila American Glen Bauersok, ukuwa Western uBukhosi baseRoma ingakhangelwa njengoko archetype kwelanga naliphi na igunya elikhulu, ngoko ke, njengokuba luphawu kuloyiko kunye nezilumkiso e zaphawula ezahlukeneyo.

Ezinye izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba bohlukene phakathi kwimimandla yasempumalanga nasentshonalanga ezilawulwa abalawuli ngamnye, bawubona ukuhla ka eRoma. Inxalenye wasempumalanga koBukumkani Byzantine nekomkhulu yayo eConstantinople, kwisiqingatha yasentshona ezijolise ikakhulu kummandla Italy yanamhlanje. Ukuhla kwe-Emphaya yamaRoma yathi emelwe yi yinkqubo eqhubekayo okuqhubeka ngaphezu kwekhulu. Ngoko ke, abanye ababhali-mbali bakhetha ukuba bathi eRoma njengoko liye lakwazi ukuzivumelanisa neemeko ezintsha, yaye ngenxa yoko akukho ukwehla. ERoma Great, ngokutsho Edward Gibbon kunye nabaxhasi ngeenkolelo zakhe, zayeka ukubakhona ngoSeptemba 4 476, xa Odoacer inkokeli zezizwe zaseJamani (xa umkhosi wamaRoma , waba yintloko nanceba-amaJamani) Wabaphelisa yokugqibela Western waseRoma Romulus Augustus. Romulus Augustus, kusenokwenzeka ukuba waba imvelaphi zesiJamani. Odoacer ingqalelo Romulus ayikho ingeyongozi kakhulu, loo nto nkqu ngokufuna bambulale, kodwa ugxothiwe. Ukuwa Western uBukhosi baseRoma, eyalingqinelayo yokuba eRoma zaphelelwa ngamandla zemali awaba nako kakuhle ukulawula imimandla basentshona saa, nangona abemi abo baqhubeka ingqalelo kwaye bazibize amaRoma. ubhedu kwegazi wayengekho 476 zatshintsha enkulu, kwaziswa ukuba abaninzi ekupheleni iziganeko ezenzeka ngayo.

Iingcali ababambe iinguqulelo nokuchuma nokuhlala kwiimeko ezintsha, kukholelwa ukuba bukhosi ziqhubekile ukubakhona de 1453. Ngoko ke, ukuwa loBukhosi Western baseRoma kwenzeka xa Ottoman eza Byzantium (eConstantinople).

Kakade ke, umhla ukubhukuqwa Romulus Awugusto, owamkelwe Edward Gibbon yinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu, kwaye eneneni, apho ukuba kuya kubakho ithuba lokubuza abantu ababehlala kwelo xesha, baya kumangaliswa gqitha ukuba Historiography yenza kubaluleke kangaka siganeko. Kwakhona cinga ezinye iziganeko ezibalulekileyo, leyo kwaphawula ukuwa uBukhosi baseRoma, kwakunye indibaniselwano izinto ezininzi (imbonakalo le nkolo entsha of Christianity, umbhodamo iyonke yoqoqosho emandundu, urhwaphilizo eyomeleleyo, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, iingxaki zomkhosi, ebukumkanini engathethekiyo kwabalawuli kunye nabanye), nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ukwehla. Nangona kunjalo, lo mhla ngokwemveli kuphawula ukuphela kudala kunye ekuqaleni yaseYurophu Ages Aphakathi. I emphaya e Western Yurophu, kuquka Italian, yaye emntla-ntshona inxalenye lwaseAfrika zaye phantsi ngesinyanzeliso ezahlukeneyo, kukho intshukumo yobuhlanga, wabizela ndawonye Ukufuduka Omkhulu. Kwinxalenye esempuma komda wahlala kakuhle kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela de ukoyisa Islamic.

Ngokubanzi, kwawa uBukhosi baseRoma iphawulwe inguqu zenkcubeko nezopolitiko, akulula xa uqeqeshelwa ukuba uhlobo ngegqudu ngakumbi karhulumente, ukwamkelwa ubuKristu njengoko unqulo karhulumente, ukuba ulahliwe izithethe kunye neenqobo endala yamandulo. Le historiography kuqhelekile ukusebenzisa igama elithi "Byzantine Empire", njengoko umamkeli uBukhosi baseRoma, yaye enyanisweni kubhetele ukuthetha malunga zoludwe, nangona, ngenxa Empire kudala emva kwexesha yayahlukile weklasiki eRoma.