Ilza Koh: biography kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho. Ilza Koh - "yaseBuchenwald igqwirha"

Ngexesha Second World War eJamani yayilawulwa-mthetho lwamaNazi. Abafazi phakathi kwabo, Isimanga, kananjalo wadibana. Ngoko ke, lo matron aqaqambe ngenkohlakalo ingqalelo Ilza Koh, uWele Frau lampshade. Wade ndisemncinane yaba lilungu elikhutheleyo Party Socialist Workers 'National. Njengoko engena NSDAP ngo-1932.
Ngethuba le matron entolongweni kwiinkampu zoxinaniso Ilse wenza isixa esikhulu mthetho olujoliswe ebantwini. Into embi kubo - yiloo nto yena nomyeni wakhe ezenziwa iimveliso ezahlukeneyo ezenziwe ngesikhumba babantu. Nangona kunjalo, unanamhla kukho ingxoxo-mpikiswano malunga bayaphika zonke izenzo athethwa iplagi kwesigele.

kwiinkampu matron ebuntwaneni zoxinaniso of the World Second

Xa usapho German eziqhelekileyo kwisixeko Dresden ngo-1906, kukho intombi entle. Abazali wayebathembe gqitha ikamva umntwana wabo. usapho eqhelekileyo elizayo "eBuchenwald igqwirha" Ndandingazi ukuba intombazana yabo uthandekayo uzisa uvuyo kuphela elizayo ziya kufumana embi elithi Frau lampshade. Intombazana eselula wayengumfundi olungileyo esikolweni, ukunika isizathu esinye ngaphezulu ngabazali bakhe ukuba azole ukuze ikamva lakhe. Emva esikolweni, amalungiselelo Ilza Koh ukusebenza elayibrari. Kukutshintsha kubomi intombazana wafika ukufika Adolf Hitler amandla ngo-1932. Kungelo xesha ukuba nangoku bechwayitile yaye abathobekileyo, wajoyina i-National Socialist Party, nto leyo kungekudala kwakhokelela ekubeni aqhelane Karlom Kohom - ngumyeni elizayo Ilse.

INdoda "eBuchenwald igqwirha"

Uyise Karla Koha igosa elivela Darmiggadta. Wayeneminyaka eli-13 ubudala nonina. Wafa xa inkwenkwe wayeneminyaka esibhozo ubudala. I elizayo kwinkampu yoxinaniso ngqwayi ayizange ukumkholisa unina amanqaku amahle esikolweni. Kwaye emva komzuzwana, nabo bonke Ndasiyeka waza wafumana isithunywa sezulu ngaxesha-mveliso yasekuhlaleni. yena kanye unkqonkqozile elinesixhenxe, ngoko nangoko loo mfo abhalisela emkhosini njengevolontiya.

Ngelo xesha, Western Europe sele iginye leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa kuphazamiseko unina kunye ilungelo Man idrafti lomhlathi wabuyela ekhaya. Kodwa sele ngowe-1916, xa UCharles elinethoba, yena wakwazi ukufumana ngaphambili. Le rookie oselula waqhubeka kuzo zonke zamasikizi yobomi umsele kwicandelo ephithizela of the Western Front. Karl Goch yaphela imfazwe kwinkampu POW, kodwa xa ebuya eJamani, ndakhawuleza ndafumana isithuba umqeshwa ebhankini, yaye ngowe-1924 yaye ndatshata.

Kodwa kwiminyaka emibini kamva ibhanki zawa ngexesha elifanayo waziqhekeza umtshato kunye nomphathi elizayo.

Lo mfana yagqiba iingxaki zabo ngoncedo ngamaNazi. Nje wajoyina i-SS. Sele ngowe-1936, uKarl Goch waya kwinkampu yoxinaniso eSachsenhausen. ubuchule bakhe kule ndawo ziye zavavanywa ngaphezulu kwe-avareji, kulapha apho yena ngokwakhe - a sadist notorious. Oku kanye umgangatho ubuntu bakhe waza wanceda aphumelele Ilse Goch.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukholelwa ukuba zonke commandants kwiinkampu zoxinaniso - mthetho Nazi. Abasetyhini ngenkuthalo enceda ukuba bakhonze abayeni babo. Elsa noCarl ngokuchanileyo wafumana omnye. Kwaye kakade ngowe-1937, kuqhina ngeqhina, esi sibini Goch ufunga isigxina umtyholi kwaye uqala umsebenzi wakhe osemthethweni kunye yinkohlakalo bloodthirstiness okukhulu.

Umsebenzi wokuqala ugonyamelo

UKarl kunye Ilza Koh waba abaqeshwa wokuqala kwinkampu yoxinaniso yamaNazi yaseSachsenhausen e Oranienburg. Le ndoda waba kwingqwayi kunye nomfazi wakhe abalindi othembekileyo wayesenza imisebenzi kuNobhala.

emva konyaka omnye, nomsebenzi omhle sibini umsebenzi omhle wathunyelwa kwinkampu yaseBuchenwald. Oku kulapho isakhono yabafazi ngokungenalusini elichazwe ngokupheleleyo. Osebenza matron Ilza Koh - ingcuka SS - zilungiswe iiseshoni sentuthumbo imihla ngemihla amabanjwa. Hayi ukuthemba nabani na, nkqu msebenzi eyoyikekayo, Ilse nesingqi okanye isabhokhwe abantu Eziniyeni. Kuphela ngubani lo mfazi bephupha ityala lakhe, ukuba uMalusi olambileyo ezilumayo ukufa amabanjwa eBuchenwald ekufeni.

kwiinkampu zoxinaniso German wayengazi loo nkohlakalo kunye ukhohlakale ngakwicala umfazi ethe-ethe.

Frau Lampshade

umfazi-ngqwayi leyo kakhulu nomdla amabanjwa imizimba ahonjiswe tattoos. Ukuze ukuzisola wabo omkhulu, baba ngabokuqala emgceni ukufa kunqandwa. Eyona nto kukuba amabanjwa weemfele Koh Ilza, ogama engobomi sele uzele izibakala ezimanyumnyezi, ukwenza imisebenzi yobugcisa eyahlukeneyo: evela iiglavu nencwadi ziyabophelela, kokugqiba abangasekhoyo okanye impahla. Nabakwaziyo lo mfazi wayesazi yodwa.

Ngowe-1941, Frau Shade wamiselwa njengoko matron senior, eyalinika igunya lakhe, kodwa amagunya ayo yenziwa ezingapheliyo. Ukususela ngoko, Ilza Koh wavumela ngokwakhe ukuba phantse yonke into.

"Le amaxhoba intlebendwane"

ngonyango ukhohlakele amabanjwa, kwakunye "ezihlekisayo" Ilsa waqhayisa phambi kwezinye nabalindi. Ngoko, kungekudala bafunda le namandla aphezulu. To credit yabo - amarhe kwabangela ukubanjwa esi sibini ukuba gwenxa igunya. Nangona kunjalo, kuba sadists okokuqala wakhululwa ngaphandle isohlwayo, ekhala ukuba amaxhoba intlebendwane ezintshabeni.

Kuba ixesha elithile uKarl Koh 'ukuba kucanyagushelwe izono "- wakhonza umcebisi kwenye inkampu, kodwa kungekudala wabuyela umfazi wakhe lweenkobe yaseBuchenwald.

amanye amacala

Xa ekwindla efanayo 1941 Karl wamiselwa kwingqwayi kwinkampu yoxinaniso Majdanek, apho Elsa Goch - "eBuchenwald igqwirha" - yaqhubeka sentuthumbo yayo lamabanjwa ngehlombe ngakumbi. Ngowe-1942, umyeni wakhe owatyholwa urhwaphilizo. Oku isizathu sokuba ukususwa kwakhe ngoko nangoko kwi-ofisi.

ukuhlukunyezwa ephakathi

izaphuli lwamaNazi wafumana uyolo nanto kwinto yokuba nobusuku wahlukunyezwa amabanjwa. Enye sixhobo oluthandayo kwisibini liye laba sisibetho ubude yonke apho iziqwenga afakwa Njengesitshetshe sokuguya iindevu. Esinjalo isixhobo ngokwamanqaku umntu afe.

UKarl ayifake ukusetyenziswa vice ngokubanzi ukuba iminwe, nali ngentsimbi. izohlwayo ezinjalo linokusetyenziswa naziphi violators zomyalelo kwinkampu yoxinaniso. Kuyo yonke Germany Imiyalelo efanayo, kodwa inkohlakalo Goch hit maxa wambi nkqu nabalandeli babo. amaqabane igazi boyikisa nkqu kakhulu intshutshiso yamaNazi.

kwiinkampu zoxinaniso German waba imithetho efanayo kunye nemimiselo: amabanjwa abaswele amandla, nabayimilwelwe babulawa ngoko nangoko, kwaye uyakwazi umsebenzi kwanyanzeleka ukuba basebenze ukuze kuxhamle Wesithathu, yaye kwiimeko nabuntu. Indlala kunye khulu yakhokelela ababanjwa ekufeni, kodwa Goch, hlalela, reveled ngamandla kunye Ilsa ukuza neendlela ezintsha ephucukileyo zokuxhatshazwa.

Enze Karla Koha

Konyaka emva kwetyala yokuqala-mthetho lwamaNazi (nangona abo ke abayi zithathwa ngokuba bazama ukwenza okufanayo xa amaNazi) babekwa ityala lokubulala lukaGqirha Valtera Kremen. Ngexesha lophando, namagosa SS ndakuqonda ukuba wamphatha Carl negcushuwa, waza wabulawa ukuze uphephe emaphepheni.

Ecaleni, esenzeka ngowe-1944, uqubha phandle into yokuba uJackie Goch, nto leyo emehlweni ezintlwini ngaphezulu SS yaba ulwaphulo unpardonable.

Ngexesha lophando Kwazeka oko malunga kwisibini akhawunti ezifihlakeleyo sadists. Ngenxa yoko, imali leyo babemele ukuya Reichsbank ekhuselekileyo e Berlin, bazinzile Goch. Owayesakuba kwingqwayi Balisusa amabanjwa zabo onke amatye anqabileyo kunye izinto zabo, imali, kwaye nabafileyo ukukhiwa negolide. Ngaloo ndlela Karl Goch yanika ntle post-imfazwe nentsapho yakhe.

Kwaye lo mthetho, kwaye hayi ngenxa yonyango enobujorha kwabakhonkwixeyo, okanye anti-kwabantu yokuziphatha eminquba kwingqwayi yangaphambili wadubula ngo-Apreli 1945. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, Goch wacela ukuba makakhonze isivakalisi indawo ashushu kwindawo nomkhosi isohlwayo setyala, kodwa ke usompempe wayezimisele ukuhamba.

Wabulawa kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi inkululeko kwenkampu yimikhosi eManyeneyo. Okuphoxayo kukuba, oku kwenzeka eyadini kweminquba, apho liluhlanzileyo iminyaka eliqela ilahlwe amawaka ubomi babantu. umhlolokazi wakhe, Ilza Koh wayenetyala kungekho ngaphantsi kwe indoda yakhe. Phantse onke amaxhoba kunye namabanjwa wakhululwa zathi Carl benze ulwaphulo phantsi kwempembelelo umfazi ugonyamelo begazi. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha inkqubo, yawa mfutshane. Ngelo xesha, lo mfazi weza kuhlala nabazali bakhe.

Isiphetho lokuqala

Kodwa Ilse Goch kwakusadingeka ukuphendula kwabo mthetho. June 30, 1945 kwakhona zithathelwe elugcinweni, uphando ubukho kangangeminyaka emibini. Ngowe-1947, SS wolf wanikwa isigwebo sobomi entolongweni.

Kude kube kamva nje, ukuba omkhanyelayo na ububi, wathi ukuba nje "lixhoba wolawulo". Ukuzibandakanya komuntu kwi "lomnqweno yimfumba" esibi kunye owoyikekayo ulusu Human wala ukuthetha, hayi niqonda konke konke.

Ukuze uphendule ngenxa yobubi ababebenzile, Ilza Koh waziswa phambi kwenkundla American zomkhosi i kwisixeko eMunich. Kangangeeveki eziliqela, amabanjwa owayesakuba eBuchenwald inkampu Waqononondisa lo mfazi ezoyikekayo. amehlo abo Wavutha elide ngoloyiko umsindo.

Umtshutshisi wathi ezandleni Frau Shade emkhenkceni igazi amawaka mahlanu amabanjwa of yaseBuchenwald. Yaye isibakala sokuba umfazi ekhulelwe, akakwazi woyixolela ekubeni afumane isohlwayo.

US General Emil Kiel ukufunda isigwebo: entolongweni ubomi.

Ilza Koh: SS wolf eyekelelwayo kwakhona

Kodwa apha, luck akasishiyanga "eBuchenwald igqwirha". Ngowe-1951, Jikelele noLukiyo Clay, umtshutshisi wavuthulula ingxelo kwakhe kwakusothusa yehlabathi lonke. Lowo wabangela Ilzu Koh, ecacisa esi senzo yinyaniso ukuba akukho inani elaneleyo ubungqina ngqo lo mfazi. Kwaye ke ubungqina amakhulu amangqina wathi malunga ukuxhatshazwa kunye inkohlakalo ingcuka, Clay ingqalelo onzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba isigwebo ubomi.

Xolelwa Frau umthunzi yabangela iliza wobhavumo phezu inxalenye yabantu, ngoko, kwangolu 1951, urhulumente waseJamani ekhutshwe omnye umyalelo kokubanjwa kwakhe.

Ilza Koh liye laba ngumkhwa ukukhanyela naziphi zityholo, echaza ukuba kwaba bathinjwa iimeko, eyayilithânga umkhonzi. Akazange afune ukuvuma ityala wathi ukuba bonke ubomi bakhe wayengqongwe ziintshaba imfihlelo Reich, ecacisa oko.

Isiphetho wokugqibela

New Germany wafuna ukuba kucanyagushelwe zolwaphulo ubunzima lwamaNazi kwaye nzima, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ekuphelisweni Ilzy Koh yaba kwisazela njengomgaqo. Ngoko nangoko yafakwa esemkhumbini, yonke imikhosi zonke wohlobo Ministry of Justice ziye aphoswe ukufuna ubungqina obutsha kwimeko Goch.

Ngenxa yoko, amangqina 240 wanikela ubungqina kwimeko yakhe. Bonke aba bantu sixelelwa kwakhona malunga zenkohlakalo usapho yokufun ', ebizwa eBuchenwald kwinkampu ukufa. Kwaye eli xesha, Ilzu Koh ndamangalelana hayi baseMerika, kwaye amaJamani, owathi, ngokutsho kakhulu Frau umthunzi, kanye yakhonza ngokuthembeka.

Inkundla yombutho igwebe mthetho ubomi entolongweni. Kwaye eli lilixa lokugqibela eli; ke ngokuqinileyo lowu ngoku Ilza Koh akakwazi ukubala nakweyiphi nceba.

Ukuzibulala "Witch of yaseBuchenwald"

Ngowe-1967, Ilza Koh wabhala ileta eya unyana wakhe, Uwe, owazalwa kungekudala emva kokuba kunikezelo kwesivakalisi sokuqala. Kuyo, yena wayekhala malunga mpatho ngesigqibo kwezomthetho wabhala ukuba ngoku kufuneka aphendule ngenxa yezono zabanye. Kuzo zonke iincwadi yayimisela unyana wayo kwakungekho ndawana ukuzisola ezo mthetho.

1 Septemba waloo nyaka, "eBuchenwald igqwirha", ngoxa egumbini yentolongo wohlobo, isidlo yokugqibela, wabhala ileta ndlelantle unyana wakhe, kunye neemakhishithi ebotshiwe wazixhoma.

Ngowe-1971, unyana ka-Ilzy Koh, awamzalela ijoni yaseJamani wazama ukubuyisela igama yobubi unina wakhe. Wathabatha igama lakhe waza wamzisa phambi kwenkundla ngokubhekiselela kulo ngonobumba olunzulu umhleli we iphephandaba "New York Times". Noko ke, imizamo yakhe aziphumelelanga.