Udmurtia: likomkhulu kwiriphabliki nembali yayo

I-Russian Federation kuquka ngaphezu mabini ithi. Omnye wabo of Udmurtia. Likomkhulu isifundo federal - Izhevsk.

ulwazi olusisiseko

E Izhevsk, ikhaya ngeenxa 640.000 abantu. Nguwo lowo inkulu umzi lwamashumi kweli lizwe. Waziwa iinkampani zokhuselo nezixhobo zakhe. Oluninzi kolu shishino yabonakala kweso sixeko ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Izhevsk likomkhulu ongamiselwanga ngezikrweqe Russian. Le isimo ke umngeni Tula kuphela.

indaba

Esi sixeko yasekwa ngowe-1760 phezu lomlanjana Izh, ngenxa apho got igama layo. Kwinkulungwane XVIII kwakukho isityalo yedwa kuphela imveliso yentsimbi. Metal lwafumaneka kule ndawo phakathi Kama eminyaka ngaphambili. Eli xesha xa abahla- Russian ngenkuthalo belimiwe phambene, ezaba Stone Belt yelizwe. Industry baqala ukuphuhlisa phantsi uPetros mna, nguye kakubi bonke ababenaye kusetyensiswa izixhobo karhulumente yokuphuhliswa ngokutsha yomkhosi lixesha.

inzala yakhe yaqhubeka le nkqubo zembopheleleko mveliso eyayisuka ukuvula iifektri kweli phondo. Abanye babo baba zizidwangube zizityebi nabantu abadumileyo, ezifana Demidov. iidipozithi phambene ngexesha labasibekela yi kokufunyanwa ore kwindawo apho ngoku kukho Udmurtia mihla. Capital weRiphabliki Izhevsk Imvukelo nje encinci lokusila ngentsimbi encinane.

Ekuqaleni metal avelise kwezi ndawo, waya Tula, apho kuyo wenza imipu, shotgun, njl Ixesha elininzi yena owned kaRhulumente-a, asingabo kulahlwa mveliso ezizimeleyo kunye namagosa karhulumente. Ngowe-1774, isityalo Izhevsk ukuba esihluthiweyo umkhosi Emelyana pugacheva. Abo bavukeli iinkokheli lweshishini abulawe. Pugacheva inkxaso kunye Udmurtia - yabantu bemveli kula mazwe. Umbuzo kazwelonke kweli phondo akabanga nabuganga kangangeenkulungwane. Lonke ilizwe Udmurt waba kummandla kwiphondo Vyatka.

Ukufika wolawulo Soviet

Emva kokuba revolution ka-1917 kwaye uloyiso emfazweni yamakhaya, kwiBolsheviks Nathwala ukuyilwa ziiriphabliki. Ngokuseka aba yinxalenye RSFSR. Okokuqala, lo mmandla izimele Votskaya. ikomkhulu yayo yaba iliso kamva - Izhevsk. Ngowe-1934, Udmurt Ukuzilawula Soviet Socialist Republic yasekwa. Kungekudala bamkela siseko karhulumente kwesi sifundo.

Ngelo xesha nye eliqeqesha Izhevsk, nto leyo ekugqibeleni saba likomkhulu kwiriphabliki. Ngowe-1935, phakathi komzi kwakukho tram kuqala. Yaphela umbane yezindlu. Ngaloo ekhulisa the Republic of Udmurtia. Ikomkhulu ayizange barhuqe emva kwezinye izixeko Soviet.

sempi

Ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, ubunkokeli eli lizwe kwafuneka yokugubungela ngokungxamisekileyo izityalo ibekwe kwiindawo osentshona ezinabantu. Izixhobo neenkampani badla ukuya imimandla ngasemva, enye indawo enjalo yaye Udmurtia. Likomkhulu kwiriphabliki wathabatha izityalo ezitsha ezimalunga nama-40, uninzi lwazo sahlala apha loxolo. Ukhetho Izhevsk yabonakala ngengozi. Esi sixeko ngokwembali lakhula kwisiza zesityalo, abazibandakanya imveliso ngentsimbi nensimbi.

East ngokuyintloko bakhutshwe amashishini ukuba akwazi ukunceda eli lizwe kumlo nxamnye Wehrmacht. Ezi zixhobo kunye nezityalo imoto eziye ngokutsha phantsi imveliso amatanki kunye nezinye izithuthi vehicles.

emva kwemfazwe,

Ngexesha lemfazwe e Izhevsk yaveliswa iiyunithi ngaphezu kwezigidi ezili-12 izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Iingcali ezininzi, waphuma esixekweni, sahlala apha, waqala nosapho. Ngowe-1948, ekuqaleni ngobuninzi woshishino Kalashnikov rifle. imodeli yakhe AK-47 iye yaba isixhobo jikelele - kakhulu ethandwa ehlabathini jikelele kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XX.

Kwisixeko ukuphuhlisa amanye amashishini. Ngowe-1966 kwafika iimoto yokuqala Izhevsk. imveliso yazo eqala kwiminyaka embalwa kamva. Ngowe-1984, Izhevsk sathiywa Ustinov, emva nguDmitry Ustinov. Yaba Marshal kunye nguMphathiswa wezoKhuselo, ngubani, iye lukhulu ngexesha lemfazwe nasemva ukuqinisekisa ukuba ushishino olutsha wabonakala kweso sixeko. Noko ke, urhulumente wagqiba ukuthiya ngokutsha isixeko asithandwa kakhulu phakathi abemi. Kwiminyaka ye perestroika yaqalisa iphulo yoluntu yokubuyiswa amagama zembali. Ngenxa yoko, ngowe-1987 lo gama ubudala wabuyela emzini Izhevsk.

Kule Russian Federation

Modern Udmurt Republic, ogama eyinkunzi usaqhubeka ngokwanda, iqukwe iVolga Federal District. Izhevsk yohlulwe kwimimandla ezintlanu zolawulo. Esi sixeko kwiiyunivesithi eziliqela, ukuvelisa inani elikhulu leengcali, sibonga ngalo akukho mfuneko ukubeka Udmurtia. Capital weRiphabliki idume imithendeleko zalo mzi, apho abantu baqhelane amasiko abantu bemveli.

kushishino Modern Izhevsk i ikota zemveliso kwezithuthi kunye nezixhobo kubo. Isixeko azenzayo Ikwanxibelelana kunye namaziko zemimandla, kuquka Glazov. Le mali wangaphambili Udmurt Republic (ngo-1921), xa lo mmandla ndawo Votskoy. Enye iziko lommandla ebalulekileyo Sarapul kananjalo imveliso yaso, ozifezekisayo iimfuno zendawo.

Kuba Russian Federation kulo mmandla ezibalulekileyo njengoko Republic of Udmurtia. Elikomkhulu kunye namaziko engingqi ukuphuhlisa umxholo, akunamsebenzi nokuba yintoni na ubunzima. Oku kwenziwa ngenxa wokungena kwemali eyinkunzi. Okunye utyalomali ababandakanyeka Izhevsk. Ikomkhulu Udmurt Republic lisebenza ngokusondeleyo tolyattinskim Vaz kunye namanye amashishini eli lizwe, abo uvula-ofisi yabo esixekweni.