Amandla nangoncedo Amazon, incazelo yayo

Amazon - lo mlambo kunye echibini sikhulu ehlabathini, ayajika kuMzantsi Melika. Kweli nqaku siza kujonga indlela ngamandla Amazon. Kuye kwavulwa yi European Francisco de Orellana, owathi ngo-1542 awela kwilizwekazi inxalenye yawo ebanzi. Apha, ngokutsho Francisco, yena nabantu bakhe walwa kunye kwisizwe Amazons, ngoko umlambo got igama layo. mbali Modern bakholelwa ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuba abafazi Indian okanye namaNdiya ne iinwele ezinde.

uviko

Amazon kufanele kucingelwa ukuba umlambo zinzulu ehlabathini kwaye uthwele ulwandle-20% yabo ngumthamo opheleleyo amanzi. flow Water unamandla kangangokuba, bangene Atlantic Ocean, itshintsha umbala netyuwa yayo nokwakheka ngxi phezu km-320. Eyona mithombo iphambili River Amazon amandla - kuba nemingenela yawo esemantla (Hawari, Guallaga, Tokantin, Ucayali, Hingham, Hutagi, Rio Preto, teff, iMadeira, Purus kunye Aofi) kunye nakumazantsi (Maron, Trombetas, Santa, Uatuma, Pastatsa, Rio Negro Nalo, Japura, kunye Putumayo). inani lawo elipheleleyo nama-200, isiqingatha leyo kunawo. Indawo nemingenela ku zifaka ezahlukeneyo sicacisa imilambo anzongonzongo nezikhukhula kwenzeka ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo kulo nyaka: on imijelo kumntla - ngexesha lonyaka ihlobo kulo ikhweyitha emazantsi (malunga Oktobha-April), ngomhla kumzantsi - ngexesha lonyaka zehlobo kuMntla saseNtla (Apreli-Oktobha ). Ngoko, kwenzeka ukuba umthombo Amazon River Power ufake kulo amanzi unyaka wonke.

yemvula

Imvula kuqala ekuqaleni kuka March kwaye uye iinyanga ezintathu (ekupheleni kukaMeyi). Enyanisweni, imvula - kukho imithombo ebalulekileyo zasesekondari lonikezelo emva kokuba nemingenela River Amazon. Phantsi kwimpembelelo ezina kunye umlambo iyaphalala iyaphalala. Ngeli xesha, inqanaba amanzi anyuke 20 eemitha, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiikhilomitha ezininzi kubumelwane nezikhukhula. Ngamanye amaxesha konogumbe ihlala iintsuku 120, emva koko ukufiphala umlambo, kwaye iibhanki babuyela kwemida yawo yangaphambili.

ichweba Amazon

Umlomo yalo mlambo yimvula Ulobumba ogudle inkulu ehlabathini, yaye ububanzi bayo ifikelela km-325. Kunika umdla ukuqaphela ukuba akukho mntu ezivelileyo Delta olwandle, njengezinye imilambo, kodwa mandithi uhlobo "licinezelwe" ngokunzulu. Kungenzeka, oku kusenzeka phantsi koxinzelelo kuhla kwamanzi olwandle enamandla. Ngokutsho amangqina, ngexesha amanzi ephakeme emlonyeni kwakhiwa shaft zolwelo, nto leyo maxa wambi ayafika ukuphakama kuyimitha 4. Ukomelela babezizwa lakhe kumgama 1000 km ukusuka nkanyamba. Ukuxutywa olwandle kunye komlambo amtsale emlonyeni ukrebe, nto leyo elenza liphume phezu komlambo kwaye kukho kumgama 3500 km ukusuka olwandle.

Le enezityalo nezilwanyana we Amazon

Imvula njengomthombo Amazon River Power kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba osecaleni ehlathini lemvula, ngokuba amanzi - kuba sisiseko ebomini kuphela zityalo, kodwa izilwanyana. Kusoloko kukho imozulu efudumeleyo zizinze (Amazinga 25-28ºS ubusuku ongekho ngaphantsi kwe-20 ° C), enkosi oku apha esikhulu iintlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba% 30 kuphela izilwanyana wafundela ukuza kuthi ga ngoku - iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-1,800 ze iintaka, 1500 intlanzi, iintlobo 250 ezincancisayo. Ulikhaya izilwanyana ezinqabileyo ezifana anaconda, jaguar, Boa, tapir, njengedolphin amanzi, zesigcawu inkawu, Cayman kwena, ubuvila, armadillo. Phakathi iintaka edume zithathwa ukuba Ingcungcu, itoucan, iintlobo ezininzi izikhwenene. Ke izinambuzane, ukuba nje ngqalelo: amabhabhathane kuphela, iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-1,800 iingcongconi - zeentlanzi ezingaphezu kwama-200 thaca piranhas, tukunare, pirarucu, piraiba kunye nabanye.

Ngaloo ndlela, sinokugqiba ukuba amandla Amazon ngeendlela ezimbini: ngokusebenzisa nemingenela yawo ezininzi, ngokunjalo ngenxa ngexesha lemvula. Lo mlambo omkhulu uthwala isitokhwe enkulu amanzi acocekileyo, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu eMzantsi Merika.