The main Iintlobo amaplanga, iimpawu, zohlelo kunye nesiqulatho

Namhlanje, phantse onke amacandelo ezoqoqosho isebenzisa iimveliso iinjongo iinkuni ezahlukeneyo. Oku kungenxa iimpawu ezizodwa kulo mbandela. iimveliso ezithambileyo zingenako okwangoku indawo yawo. Ngoko ke, imveliso iinkuni kuvelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu imithi.

iimpawu zabo kunye nokwahlulwa nezifanele ukuqwalaselwa eneenkcukacha.

Iimpawu eziphambili

iimveliso Wood zenziwa ngokusika. Ngenxa yoko igama. Bafuna kule nto ngenxa nokufumaneka kwayo kunye nenani iimpawu ezizodwa. iindidi zomthi uthe wagawulwa ekhoyo na zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Baye imvelo ezintle tsakisaka. Ukongeza, ukuba bomelele, ebonakala ngu ubomi inkonzo ende.

Noko ke, kukho umthi kunye imikhwa emibi. Ukuba imithi eziye zajongwa engeyiyo okanye ezisetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinzima, ngazo ukubola zabo, intshabalalo.

Inkqubo yokukhetha kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo umgangatho unyango lwabo. Ukuba imithi lavunyelwa ukuba yome kakubi, oko kuya zikhubazekile. Ngoko ke, ufanele wazi ukuba iimpawu uhlobo ngalunye imveliso.

ngezigaba

Kukho imiqondiso emininzi gqiphu iintlobo eziphambili ematendeni ngokwamaqela. Ethandwa kakhulu ukuhlelwa uhlobo aqingqiweyo;

1. IBhodi.
2. Brus.
3. Bar.
4. Olele.
5. Croaker.

A umahluko kwakhona nokumamela kunye nokumamela izinto. Kwimeko yokuqala, lo workpiece iphathwa ezivela macala onke, kwaye leyo yesibini - omnye kuphela. Apho ugalelwe esiXhoseni.

Xa indlela ukusika workpiece bokwahlula, iphiramidi ebonisa unxibelelwano kunye tangential. Le ngokuhlelwa kuxhomekeke wesijikelezi eso basinqumla ngokuphathelele kumakhonkco zonyaka emthini.

Enye into ebalulekileyo ukufuma le hlula. izinto ezomileyo abanalo eli salathisi kwinqanaba 8-10%. Iimveliso ezinjalo eqinileyo, zisetyenziselwa ubuciko, umzekelo, umgangatho elibanzi. iibhodi jikelele kufuneka ukufuma 12-15%. Le preform for nasezityesini, casings, amaplanga. Amaplanga engaphandle kufuneka isiqulatho sokufuma ngaphezu kwe-18%. Bona ezifanele khazi olungaphambili, ukudala inkqubo nophahla.

ezibonakalayo

Iindidi eziphambili imveliso imithi ixhomekeka kuhlobo kweenkuni. Kukho iintlobo ezinamagqabi avuthulukayo coniferous. Yakutshanje ngokufuthi esetyenziselwa yonke ethwele ngezakhiwo kunye nemigangatho. Sihlahla esetyenziselwa uhombiso, njengoko bazenze zambi i ukubukeka kubuhle.

Iintlobo ezimbini iinkuni ziyahluka kweendleko. Sapling entofontofo, bachatshazelwa yi-bume lwangaphandle. Uluhlu isicelo lawo lilinganiselwe, ngoko ke kukulungele kanye ixabiso.

Kodwa hardwoods, nangona imali eninzi kakhulu, eqinile ngakumbi nehlala ixesha elide. Phakathi pine sapling idla kusetyenziswa kuphela eminye imisebenzi iphele. Phakathi iintlobo broadleaved amaninzi kusetyenziswa oki, uthuthu, beech, maple, ezinde Linden.

ugodo

Imbonakalo ematendeni ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo kuxhomekeke kuphela phezu kweenkuni. processing kuchaphazela iimpawu imveliso nganye. Enye le iqhelekileyo bar. Lusetyenziswa ekuzalweni okutsha bobabini ulusu kunye nezakhiwo ezizimeleyo, izakhiwo.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi amaplanga. Uhlobo Simple (non-core) Kubonakala ngathi log, liphathwe kunye macala 4. Kodwa wenza ezinye iindidi zemveliso efanayo. beam njengeqanda kuveliswe ngendlela echazwe ngokucacileyo. Kaninzi iba uxande ukuba unalo inotshi ngezantsi. Ematendeni ivunwe ezinjalo izindlu ezintle, nemiqolomba. Babambelela kakuhle ubushushu, sibe ipesenti esezantsi ye deformation (ukuba ukuqhubekekiswa kakuhle amaplanga). Iprofayile yahluke kakhulu.

Kukho kwakhona bar njo. It ibandla ukusuka lamellae kwaye kuphuculwe iimpawu. Oku kusebenza akayeki, akuthethi ukuzivula. Namhlanje kwakhona bar zezindlu ethandwayo. It has a iimpawu eliphezulu yobuhle.

ibhodi

Iintlobo ematendeni ukusika Ungayila iintlobo zeemilo zeemveliso. Kakhulu iintlobo ethandwayo ebhodini. uluhlu Wide isicelo sayo. Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo iinkuni kunye nokuchaneka processing yayo, ezi mveliso zisetyenziselwa umsebenzi onzima, kwakunye kokokuhombisa. Iibhodi kwemfuneko ifenitshala, izahlulelo, izakhiwo ezincinane kweli lizwe, njl Zahlula-hlulwe kumaBakala 5 ..:

1. Choice - ezisetyenziswa ngaphakathi ekupheleni eziphakamileyo, ngokunjalo imikhumbi.
2. ibanga lokuqala nolwesibini ngokufanelekileyo ukudala kwasenkundleni ifanitshala.
3. Kudidi lwesithathu isebenzayo wokwakha.
4. ibanga wesine ngokufanelekileyo ukudala kwiibhokisi ukuphakheja.

Imilinganiselo, umyinge processing, iimpawu ezibonakalayo ngokuyimfuneko ingqalelo kwinkqubo yokhetho.

iintlobo iibhodi

Kukho iindlela ezininzi kwibhodi yokuhlela kulo. uhlobo ngamnye nobubi bayo kunye bendlela. Oku kufuna namhlanje nokwadala. Umaleko esezantsi yenziwe processing ngemithi eyomeleleyo, yaye umphezulu yenziwe iintlobo elite. Okunye kwi indawo ezahlula masimu, Ungqameko window kunye nebhodi lobunjineli.

Uhlobo lokuqala yimveliso ukukhanya kodwa ixesha elide. Yenziwe kakhulu ngomthi yimvula. IBhodi Ungqameko window sele ukumitha okhethekileyo lubonakala omisa kakuhle. Engineering iintlobo abe umaleko asezantsi ngamaplanga neziphezulu benza ngomthi wendalo.

wabumba

Omnye kwiintlobo yanamhlanje uthandwayo iibhodi ujike na. Ezi ntlobo ugodo esetyenziselwa ukuyigubungela ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Nkqu kumaxwebhu zobugcisa olu hlobo mveliso ekuthiwa Wooden deal.

Profile evela akhande zinokuba nomahluko. Le nkcazelo apho yavelisa kuyo, linophawu uluhlu olubanzi. Xa ikhethiwe iimeko zokusebenza ingqalelo. Ngamagumbi owomileyo Conifers efanelekileyo kunye neentlobo ezithambileyo avuthulukayo.

Ukuba eli gumbi, neebhate, ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ngomthi onentlaka akuvumelekanga. Kungenjalo, unako ukufumana atshiswe. Kuba khazi ngaphandle kusetyenziswe iinkuni esiqinileyo. Bona liphathwa izinto ezahlukeneyo baqhubeke nobomi nkonzo.

Sleepers, moldings emihle

Ngaphandle imveliso kwemfuno namhlanje, ezi ndidi ngamaplanga njengoko sleepers kunye moldings entle. Le mveliso emxinwa-uku-setyenziswa iincoko, kodwa ukubaluleka kwabo kunzima ukuba zazi.

sleepers Railway iinkuni babe eziluncedo ezininzi xa kuthelekiswa ne-ntlobo eziphathekayo. Bona sehlise kakuhle Intshukumo uloliwe, ukholosile ubambe naLindiili.

Imfuneko yesondlo rhoqo indlela ekhoyo zonxibelelwano, kwakunye ufakelo lwelayini ezintsha zifuna isixa esikhulu sleepers ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Yakhiwa ngomthi eninzi, kuba sleepers benithobele imithwalo enzima kunye neempembelelo engentle yokusingqongileyo. Bona buzane izinto ezikhethekileyo ukuthintela iinkqubo ukubola, intshabalalo ekhawulezileyo. Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo koololiwe abahamba phezu izithuba kumgca, sleepers kaloliwe esetyenziswa iklasi amandla ezahlukeneyo.

Kwakhona iintlobo ematendeni zokukhomba kakhulu ukuba moldings ezincinane. Ezi ziquka nasezityesini, iikona, izakhelo, amaso Injengokubengezela. Avelisa iindidi headroom. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukhethe ukhetho kakhulu wonke umntu.

esinombhalo

Ngexesha wokwenziwa ematendeni okanye iibhodi ifunyenwe slab. Le icala womthi. Kwelinye icala, ezi iibhodi ezi khaxa, kunye nezinye - flat. Le nto ke ngoku ke kwemfuneko. Ilungiselelo izakhiwo zethutyana, kwizakhiwo zoshishino croaker isebenza ngokupheleleyo.

Kwakhona namhlanje, ke iye kakhulu zithandwa ukwenza umhombiso ngoncedo lolu hlobo imithi. Croaker ukuqhubekekiswa bomatshini kuphela ngesandla olunye, ngoko ngaphambi kokuba ufakelo sebenza it inyanzelekile buzane a kubola ezizodwa. Kungenjalo, emva kokuba isibini leminyaka Iizilebhu ziya kujika zibe luthuli. Iindleko aphantsi kakhulu yenza kube ethandwayo. Kukho iindawo ezintsha apho kusetyenziswa le nto.

zobukhulu

Iintlobo imithi isicelo sabo ukufumanisa ubukhulu. uhlobo ngalunye unyango inayo imilo yayo ichazwe ngokucacileyo womda. Imilinganiselo ngamanye amaxesha nokubala igama lemveliso. Ibhodi inomqukumbelo iimveliso, banzi Ebubanzini kabini.

Ukuba le ngokunxulumene ayanelisekanga, imveliso kuthiwa bar. ububanzi yakhe ngaphantsi kabini ubukhulu. Kwaye ke iiplanga jikelele zikhankanyiweyo imilinganiselo. Zenza kunye ububanzi kufuneka ibe ngaphezulu kwe-100 mm.

ubude imithi eziqhelekileyo 6 m. Iparameters nobubanzi kwaye ubukhulu na umgangatho 100 ukuya kwi-100 mm 100 ukuya-150 mm okanye mm 150 ukuya 150. Ukuba projekthi ifuna ukusetyenziswa izinto kunye nemilinganiselo elikhulu, imveliso yakho iya kufumaneka kwakwenziwa isicelo soko. Kodwa ke iindleko iza kuba umgangatho eliphezulu kakhulu. Ngoko ke, uphuhliso injineli projekthi kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo le milinganiselo.

IBhodi kwakhona ngokungqinelana nemigangatho. ubukhulu wayo 25, 40, 50 mm. Ubude umenzi-4, 5 okanye 6 m kunye nobubanzi - 100 okanye 150 mm. Ibar lidla eyenziweyo imilinganiso standard-40 ukuya kuma-40 okanye mm-50 ukuya kuma-50. ubude billet babe 3, 4, 5 okanye 6 m.

Yonke for flooring namhlanje sakhulula uhlobo oluthile ngeeplanga. Zinelungelo ububanzi mm 85 ukuya 140. Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba umthwalo le Ebubanzini bayo ukusuka 27 ukuya 45 mm. Ubukhulu Standard ezifunekayo ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo kwinkqubo yoyilo.

Iindidi eziphambili ukhuni, iimpawu zabo, isicelo, nabani na pick up uhlobo ilungileyo lemveliso ukuze okusingqongileyo. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemilo, ubukhulu kunye nezinto ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwazo nakuwuphi na msebenzi zabantu.