Ephehla Gas-ngamalahle: Izinto eziluncedo namathemba

Linganyanzelisa ukuba umbane kunye nobushushu eRashiya ukusuka komnye unyaka ukuya ukunyuka kunyaka yandile ngokucacileyo. Ezi nkcukacha-manani zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kombane ngoJanuwari-Septemba kulo nyaka, okhule phezu xesha kunyaka ophelileyo nge 1.6% yaye yaba 754.1 billion kW / h, kwaye ngo-2020 imfuno amandla uya kunyuka ngekota. Noko ke, ukunyuka kwenani labemi ukuze umbane nobushushu enganeliswa ngokupheleleyo, kunye nezizathu zoku baninzi: uphelelo ezinamanqwanqwa asethi eziluncedo rhoqo nokunyuka kwamaxabiso, ukusweleka kunye neendleko eziphezulu ze-eneji, yokunqongophala kwenkxaso-mali, kunye nangaphezulu. A yezizathu ezininzi, kodwa intliziyo yonke kusoloko imali, okanye mandithi, ukungabikho kwayo.

Ukuba sicinga isimo, ezifana unikezelo lwamandla ezisembindini cottage zokuhlala, umfanekiso kucaca kakhulu. izindlu Ukufudunyezwa uhlobo zasemaphandleni lwenzeka ubukhulu becala ngeendleko idizili okanye diesel generator. ioli kwamafutha Iziko lesinyithi esetyenziselwa kalula ukufudumeza negazifitsirovannyh kunye namaziko mveliso, ubukhulu becala lisetyenziswa eSiberia nakwiMpuma Ekude. Ngokutsho Ministry of Energy, ngo-2010 nezigidi 1.34 njengeetoni ze-oyile neziko zaveliswa eRashiya, yaye ngo-2012 - 2,73 million tons. Ngo-2015, ingeniso iirhafu zokuthumela petroleum ukuba akwazi ukufikelela engange 21.1 billion ngonyaka.

Urhulumente Russian uceba ukunyanzelisa nerhafu yezonwabisi oil amafutha ngo-5,86 amawaka engange ngetoni nganye ngo-2013, 6,45 amawaka engange - ngo-2014 no 7,73 amawaka engange - ngo-2015. Amagosa zibonisa ukuba kunyaka ozayo irhafu Excise kwisibaso kweklasi eziphilayo "Euro-4" ivuke engange 8960 ngetoni nganye, kwi "Euro 5" - to engange 5.750 kwitoni nganye, idizili - ukuya ku 5100 no 4500 (kuxhomekeka kwiklasi lokusingqongileyo ) engange ngetoni nganye. Oku, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, ebuhlungu kwipokotho kwabathengi. Kwangaxeshanye, inkqubo gasification lommandla luya lusiba nochatha. Irhasi yendalo inokuba enye buyanceda diesel. ephehla eza- ngayo ukusombulula ingxaki yokunqongophala kunye neendleko eziphezulu amandla. Le yindlela engaxabisi kakhulu nesinempumelelo sokukhawulelana nengxaki ye-eneji.

Umzekelo, inkampani ZAO "Roltom Engineering" linikezela isityalo yendalo amandla eza- ngokusekelwe isixhobo sokuvelisa yaseYurophu. Icandelo ephambili yomatshini amandla a a generator gas. Kuyinto injini ukuba usebenzisa igesi yendalo zibe kukudla. isityalo ezinjalo zombane ikuvumela ukuba avelise amandla ombane endaweni yokusebenzisa yayo, ngaphandle kokufuna lenza amafutha, ezifana njengeyunithi amandla diesel.

Le nkampani inika izityalo abathengi cogeneration ngokusekelwe umbane piston igesi. Cogeneration - imveliso ngaxeshanye ubushushu nombane. Ezo izityalo unako ukusebenza stand-alone mode okanye ngaxeshanye kunye kuthungelwano lwangaphandle kwaye abe eliphezulu umthamo sombane nezisezantsi ukusetyenziswa ethile amafutha. Ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yendalo njenge amafutha kunganciphisa kakhulu ukuveliswa kwezinto ezinobungozi, umzekelo, ngaphezu xa usebenzisa ipetroli okanye idizili unit.

Cjsc "Roltom Engineering" ikakhulu uvelisa block-kweemodyuli, oko lupakishwa kwisingxobo ekhethekileyo, mn. Ezo nezityalo okumbalwa kuthelekiswa betye zabo zokubhala, umzekelo, ukuba isikhongozeli sopakisho usinika ubomi kweenkonzo, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima zemozulu, ezifana eSiberia okanye Far North. Ukongeza, ezi zikhululo ziphatheka yaye musa ukuba ulwakhiwo isakhiwo eyinkunzi ezizodwa, kwaye imodyuli flow lixhotyiswe zonke iinkqubo eziyimfuneko ukuze isikolo sisebenze kakuhle isixhobo sokuvelisa.

Noko ke, phezu kwazo zonke iingenelo kwibloko ka-seemodyuli injini igesi mn, kusekho abathengi uqhubeke ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zeenkampani ukusasazwa okanye umbane diesel. yonke ingongoma mali yokuqala. Okokuqala, iindleko amandla elothusayo inani amaqanda ekupheleni. Nangona kunjalo, le izibalo ezininzi ezingundoqo abonisa iinkampani ngonyaka imveliso avareji inkcitho yokuthenga umbane nobushushu kwinkampani unikezelo bengingqi malunga inani elifanayo. Ngoku cinga ngendlela abasebenzisi kakhulu bachitha embaneni ayikho ngonyaka, yaye iminyaka 10-20! isityalo yayo amandla kunokuzinceda ukunciphisa iindleko zamandla ngama pakani 1.5 \ kW, kwaye kuyanceda ukuba ngokwayo emva kweminyaka emalunga 1.5-2. block-seemodyuli mveliso eza- unokukunika amandla ngaphandle kwiindawo kokuphazanyiswa zokuhlala, amashishini, izibonelelo zomkhosi mveliso, izibhedlele, izikolo, njalo-njalo Nditsho ixabiso kwamandla loo lingaphantsi kakhulu kunalowo diesel, zidibene-umjikelo turbine okanye uthenge umbane kwiinkampani zokusasaza.

Uphuhliso amafutha kunye namandla ecandelo kufuna utyalo-mali lwexesha elide. Le ntlekele kwezoqoqosho iyasondela ngokuqinisekileyo kuchaphazela FEC, ngoko kwixa elizayo, iingcali ukuqikelela amazinga okukhula, kulandele intsilelo amandla. Ukuqinisekisa "amandla" oluthembekileyo elizayo, kuyimfuneko ngoku ukuthatha amanyathelo uqeqeshelwa ukuba amandla yaso ngokuthi ukufakelwa amandla ayo na.