Density asphaltic: Izinga kwemali kunye nokwakhiwa nezinto

Zokuphucula lomhlaba kunye nokwakhiwa kweendlela namhlanje iqhele ukusetyenziswa asphalt eziphathekayo, nto leyo evumela ukuba afumane ukutyabeka ixesha elide yaye ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Le nto ngumxube yebhitumene nezinto zendalo.

izithako zemvelo ukunika amandla, ngoxa ibhitumene yona into efunekayo ukuze ndibopha libe isakhiwo qela liphikisayo. Asphalt kukuzishumayela ubuchwepheshe obufanayo kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kodwa umgangatho ukutyabeka ixhomekeke izakhi ezidityaniswe okanye hayi zafakwa mxube ngamanye amaxesha ibhaqa kwaye ingqokelela indlela.

Ukuxinana kwezinto

Ukuxinana kwezi itela eziphathekayo - yenye iimpawu eziphambili kulo mbandela. Asphaltic eziphathekayo, ngoko ke kuthiwa kwakhona, buphuma uhlobo zolwakhiwo yeMetro ngumntu, oluthi luqokelelane ngenxa ekufezekiseni lexinene eyimfuneko umxube zilayishwe kuyilo. Ukubunjwa eziqulunqwe indlela ukunxulumana kwiiyunithi zemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa phantsi kwempembelelo lobushushu. Oku kusebenzisa itha indlela oyile namaqhezu izimbiwa izinto ezahlukeneyo, zikhethwe kusenziwa ngokwemilinganiselo ichaziwe. Maxa wambi wongezelela Iipholima, irabha, surfactants, isalfure njalo njalo.

asphalt ezinoxinano eziphathekayo kuxhomekeke iintlobo. Umzekelo, umxube zamahlathi onokuxinana kuluhlu 2340 kg / m ^3, malunga nomxube aneentunja, ukuxinana yayo kuli- ephantsi - 2300 kg / m ^3. Le asphalt concrete umxube omhle-olungisiweyo lohlobo A, B no-C ube Uxinaniso ilandelayo: 2385, 2370 no 2343 kg / m ^3, ngokulandelelana. Oku kwenzeka kwakhona kwiintlobo entlabathini asphalt "umxube uhlobo D", kulo mzekelo, i parameter umdla ilingana 2280 kg / m ^3.

mninzi

Ukumisela lexinene asphalt eziphathekayo kwaye wenziwe uvavanyo kwilebhu iisampulu ezibe zisuswe Coatings. Le parameter ibalwa ratio ye-avareji lexinene umbandela, leyo zisuswe ukutyabeka, ukuhlengahlengisa ingxinano isampuli.

Kuba uhlobo nganye umxube kusetyenziswa ratio ukugangatheka. Umzekelo, ukuba umxube wezinto A kunye nomlinganiselo B 0,99, umxube B, D no-E, nolusezantsi engundoqo ungqameko ingumlingani ngu 0,98. Ukuba ezinye izithako eziqulethwe kwinkunkuma ilitye ngumntu, umlinganiselo kufuneka alingane 0,97.

ukusetyenziswa kwe asphalt eziphathekayo

Akubalulekanga nje lexinene ocoliweyo-olungisiweyo asphalt ikhonkrithi kunye nezinye iintlobo zayo, kodwa ukusetyenziswa. Ngokwesiqhelo, le iparameter kumiselwa phezu 100 m ^2, kodwa ubukhulu ungahluka. Xa umxube misindo kwaye ashinyeneyo kunye ubukhulu inwebu ukusetyenziswa mm 55 kwi-100 m ² iya kuba 12,87 no 12,65 m, ngokulandelelana. Ngenxa yokwanda umaleko ku-80 mm umxube flow ubukhulu kwaye misindo iya kulingana 18.7 no 18.4 m, ngokulandelelana.

Le asphalt eziphathekayo Uhlobo umxube A ocoliweyo-olungisiweyo lubafumana flow ephantsi ukuba umaleko yi kuma-35 mm. Ngaloo 100 m ² ushiye 8.35 m. Ityala isanti itela uhlobo Umxube D, ngoko umaleko Ebubanzini 45 mm ukusetyenziswa mali ukuya 10,26 m kwi-100 m ^2.

imitha mninzi

Asphalt imitha loxinano eziphathekayo zingathengwa kwiivenkile elithile. Oku kugqiba lexinene ukutyabeka kunye kumhlaba endleleni. Njengoko isixhobo kuyo lenza ulawulo nezokusebenza uxinano, ngexesha apho umntu azi iqondo inhomogeneity kunye itywina neenqwelwana kunye Ipeyinti indlela.

Lesixhobo ukuchonga izowuni nesanti kwaye ukulawula ummandla ezibalulekileyo, apha kufuneka kwaziwe ezinemiphetho namalungu. Ngayo, ingxinano ngekhonkrithi asphaltic, nto leyo 2.35 g / ^cm3 icaciswa. Izixhobo ivavanya kakuhle kangakanani na ukutyabeka, ngaphambi kokuba isicelo umaleko ongaphezulu. Lesixhobo sokukala iqondo lobushushu asphalt, ukumisela umlinganiselo ucinezelo, ukuze baphumeze ubushushu-babuyekezwe ukufunda mninzi.

Ukubunjwa concrete itela kunye nemigangatho karhulumente

Ukuxinana kwezi eziphathekayo asphalt, GOST leyo ebonisa umgangatho ezo zinto zifundwayo kunye luchazwa yi la manani alandelayo: 9128-2009 - okhankanywe ngasentla. Noko ke, iingcali kufuneka ukwazi banzi malunga nokuqulunqwa. Ukutyabeka anayo okanye chippings zegrabile kuzo comminuted kunye mixture nezithako. Njengenxalenye yale kwentlabathi apho.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, le bhitumene omele imveliso emnandi elibamba amacandelo kunye. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufuneka kuziwe kurhulumente shushu. Sichaza futhi asphalt eziphathekayo ukupheyiva ubugcisa. Kodwa namhlanje kukho iteknoloji evumela ukuba bafumane itha kunye viscosity ukuya ku +5 ° C. Ioli kusingathwa kunye iindlela zale mihla, nto leyo evumela ukuba afumane le bhitumene ngaphandle frosting ukuya ezisezintabeni kubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu. eli xabiso Ngokuqhelekileyo ngu -30 ° C.

Ukuxinana kwezi concrete itela (t / m3) ngu 2.35. Kodwa eli xabiso - hayi kuphela ukuba bazazi iingcali. Umzekelo, isiqulatho izimbiwa wahlulwe iindlela ezintathu:

• Group A: 50 ukuya kuma-60% (nakhandiweyo amatye okanye igrabile);
• Group B: ukusuka-40 ukuya kwi-50% (neeminerali);
• Group B: ukusuka-30 ukuya kuma-40% (ilitye nakhandiweyo okanye luhlalu).

moto yoqhekeko kulawulwa iinkcukacha. Ngokuhambelana kunye nale izinto eyenziweyo ngokusebenzisa yimiwewe, uhlalutye leyo ingahluka mm-10 ukuya kuma-20. Loo sisincoko isetyenziselwa ukwenza umaleko ephezulu web. Ithekhnoloji into eqhelekileyo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi namhlanje, kodwa umxube kufuneka zongezwe neeplastikhi.

Ukutshintsha asphalt ikhonkrithi phantsi kweempembelelo ubuchwepheshe bale mihla

Ukuxinana kwezi eziphathekayo itela ngokwemigangatho kazwelonke, kufuneka kuhlala injalo, kodwa umgangatho umbandela ukuphucula rhoqo. Oku kungenxa imithwalo ngakumbi phezu komphezulu wendlela, ekhokelela ukukhangela izinto phambili ukuphucula umgangatho. Ngenxa yoko, wakwazi ukwakha lubuyisela ongangokugibisela asphalt, leyo kuthwalelwa phandle ezichazwe ngasentla.

Oku kusetyenziselwa kuphela lolwakhiwo kodwa nokulondolozwa kweendlela. Obu bugcisa lilawulwa imigangatho karhulumente kunye P 54401-2011 kubandakanya Wahlanganisa umxube ngaphandle ukugangatheka. Ngoko Ubushushu yeMetro luqala ngo-190 ° C, ukwandisa amanqanaba ukunyuka plasticity. Ukwakhiwa luphawulwa iimpawu ezinjalo ngenxa kudla Polymer.

Ukwakheka uphose asphalt iqulathe ngaphezu asphalt, kodwa ke umthamo kwezimbiwa kunciphisa. Iziqulatho uhlalutye lwamaqhezi-5 mm ukusuka ½ yinxalenye ezibunzima iyonke ye-0%. Lo mxube endibufumeneyo ingabi grainy, ngoko iba viscous kwaye ayenzelwanga ukutywina.

izithako ezongezelelekileyo

An asphalt Umatshini uphucula iimpawu ezibonakalayo, ngoko ke izinto ukutyabeka linika amandla aphezulu, uqinile, ingqibelelo Nobomi elide ngaphandle ng. asphalt ingxinano eziphathekayo uhlala ngokufanayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba bagcine ubuchwepheshe kwakunye aspect. Lilo eli sesichengeni umbandela umahluko cast igada. Ukuba ngexesha lesigaba imveliso lwenzeka kushenxwe kule mimiselo, iimpawu amandla ubunzima.

isiphelo

asphalt inzuzo eziphathekayo na kwinto ukuba zinokuhonjiswa. Oku landiswa kakhulu imihlaba ukusetyenziswa kwayo, kuba ngoncedo umbandela ungenza phandle i ingoma emnandi, iipavumente kunye iindawo. Kwi endleleni usebenzisa iteknoloji wabonakala asphalt elimfusa, nto leyo ibonisa yokuwela yabahamba, ukumakisha ukwabela imicu.

Le ndlela iquka nongeza ubume elinombala-5 mm nakhandiweyo ilitye, isanti kunye zombala ezenziwe lenyengane, clinker, ezimbejembeje lekalika. Kuba shades asphaltic oqaqambileyo kusetyenziswa icacisiwe bitumens zokwenziwa. Ithekhnoloji kwandisa iindleko coverage, ngoko wasebenzisa kunqabile.

Kodwa namhlanje kwafuneka ukufumana enye indlela ukusasaza. Uthi Hlikihla iitshiphusi ezinemibala, ngoxa ngokudibanisa yayo kwimveliso lehla. Xa isinyathelo ngokubekwa iindlela ukongeza ukutyabeka umaleko eliphezulu khona.