"Mudyug" (icebreaker). Diesel-electric icebreaker "Mudyug"

umgca Russian unxweme ecaleni Arctic Ocean kuba bukhulu kangangokuba lizwe kufuneka wayenomkhosi icebreakers. Kodwa icebreakers basebenza nje kuphela North. Babambelela inkundla unyaka wonke, yaye ebandayo iilwandle kunye nemilambo.

Imbali Russian icebreaker fleet

Kwi kwemilambo kumantla eRashiya kudala kusetyenziswa izikhitshana ice-ngokwaphula. I icebreaker nqanawa yokuqala yakhiwa kwi Kronstadt ngo-1864, yaye sele ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX wadalwa ngokusesikweni icebreaker izithuthi. Le icebreaker "Ermak" edumileyo, ingcamango ebeyinalo Vice-Admiral S. O. Makarovu kunye nzulu esidumileyo D. I. Mendeleevu, ibisekwe phezu yokwakhela IsiNgesi ngo-1897.

Ministry of Navy yoBukhosi baseRashiya ngo-1913, wabhengeza kwethenda ukwakhiwa elinambini icebreakers yomgama kunye port. icebreaker behlabathi umgca wokuqala "Svyatogor" yakhiwa ngo-1917 ngokuthi 'Nkosi Armstrong ne K ° "iprojekthi S. O. Makarova. Kamva, kwathiwa igama baqala ukubathwala igama "Krasin".

I icebreakers yokuqala yeSoviet kwakhiwa kwi shipyards yasekhaya kwiminyaka 1938-1941. Ice Fleet eSoviet Union, liqulethe oku Iinkundla, amaNgesi, isiJamani, Danish, ulwakhiwo Finnish nesase.

Le icebreaker fleet eSoviet zazaliswa icebreaker enyukliya-kunikwe yokuqala behlabathi "uLenin" ngo-1959, yakhiwa kwi-Admiralty zalapho.

icebreakers Diesel iSoviet Navy wakha isibingelelo shipyards eFinland. Kwaba enamandla neenqanawa uchwetheze "eMoscow" kunye icebreakers uchwetheze "Captain Sorokin" amandla 16.2 MW eyenzelwe ukuba siwele kwi umlomo imilambo Arctic kunye neendawo kunye ezinzulwini nzulu kwiqondo lobushushu ka -50 ° C, kunye icebreakers lohlobo "Mudyug". Ekupheleni kwimbali yiSoviet lwasekhaya icebreaking zezithuthi yayiquka iimpahla 36.

Mudyug island

KuLwandle White kufuphi umlomo we-Northern Dvina River sisiqithi ubuhle bendalo ezinkulu etsala abakhenkethi kunye ubuhle, umoya ococekileyo kunye nolwandle, kunye nembali eloyikekayo. Mudyug ku Arkhangelsk waye ngokubaluleka qhinga, iyafana nje Kronstadt eSt Petersburg.

Ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi ekuqaleni kweMfazwe Civil kwakukho kwinkampu yoxinaniso wadala yi abahlaseli-of-imfazwe, owathi kamva waba elubhacweni entolongweni ngecala. Xa eminqubeni, uze emva koko ukuya zentolongo iimeko nabuntu, apho bambalwa asinda, ngoko Mudyug ngokuba "sisiqithi sokufa."

Ngoku ke likwindawo yembali yolondolozo-ndalo, ebandakanya iintsalela kwiinkampu nasezintolongweni, ehamba CTLI iinqanawa 1875 kwaye ke iinqanawa yakhiwe ngo 1938.

Monument kumaxhoba kongenelelo sele esekwe kukhunjulwa abo babulala kwisiqithi ngowe-1928, okokuqala ngamatye nesamente, yaye ngo-1958 waba indawo lenyengane.
Igama siqithi ibizwa ngokuba le nqanawa. "Mudyug" - diesel-electric icebreaker umthamo we-7 MW, yakhiwa ngo-1982.

Icebreaker "Mudyug"

Translation of eli gama kunye Finno-Ugric - "uhambahamba umfula". Igama, ngokubanzi, ngokuhambelana kunye nokusebenza yangoku icebreaker abangabancedani.

Ku yakhiwa ngo-1982 phezu yokwakhela odumileyo Finnish "Wärtsilä" (icebreakers Finnish phula umkhenkce ngexesha icebreaking fleet ihlabathi), kwakunye nezinye icebreakers ezimbini - "Dixon" yaye "Magadan" - emva kwakhe. Yena waqala ukusebenza njenge "Mudyug" ukusebenza kwi Murmansk Shipping Company, koko wathunyelwa Arkhangelsk. Ngowe-1987, "Mudyug" yaye remade yi projekthi Swiss. Isiqingatha ngaphambili icebreaker yaphinda yakhiwa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ngoku impumlo yakhe ufana ubukhulu overshoe omkhulu. itanki umkhumbi banzi kakhulu, kodwa yayisiba né kunye impumlo entsha, nolwathi lwaphuhliswa ekuqaleni amachibi ice obhityileyo eSwitzerland, wasilela ukwaphula umkhenkce angqingqwa le Arctic. Kwaye ke icebreaker abangabancedani sakhutshelwa St. Petersburg kwisebe North-West of Rosmorport.

Ngoku usika umkhenkce uselula fairway kwi the Neva Bay, kwaye isiqwenga ngamanzi acocekileyo emva kwayo deck iphangalele kwaye iflethi.

iimpawu icebreaker

UMnini icebreaker oluncediswayo "Mudyug" i North-West Basin iHlumelo FSUE "Rosmorport", okuthiwa ukuba kwizibuko St Petersburg. "Rosmorport" enkundleni ukuqinisekisa kweenqanawa ngokukhuselekileyo emanzini kumazibuko Russian kuLwandle lweBaltic kunye iindlela kuwo.

Icebreaker enesakhono 7.3 MW icala iphuhlisa isantya emanzini evulekileyo ka-16.5 amaqhina. Ubude bayo laliziimitha 111,6, ububanzi - leemitha 22.2, uyilo - iimitha 6.8, ukuphakama - 38 eemitha. Iyonke ukubana icebreaker - 8,154 kweetoni eziliwaka, ice-igqunyiweyo - 115 cm.

Ice passability - nokubanako icebreaker ukususa amandla injini ngokupheleleyo ice eziqinileyo, libonisa ukuba umkhenkce benqanawa kwaye Wabulinganisa ububanzi ubuninzi ngumkhenkce, apho inqanawa kunokuba gqolo ukuhamba ngesantya ubuncinane.

Ngokutsho "Rosmorport" icebreaker "Mudyug" ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu iintsuku zibe yokuhla lokuzimela, yaye indawo yayo ezokudada kuLwandle aseBalti akupheleli.

ukuqeshwa icebreaker

icebreaker Auxiliary "Mudyug" ezenzelwe iimpahla ezinkulu icebreaking ozimeleyo, okt ngokubekwa channel amanzi acocekileyo, ice-free. Ekubeni ubude ikharavani kuxhomekeke ubude Umsele wamanzi ezicocekileyo icebreaker, "Mudyug" ngabahambi Mayingathwalwa empahleni eziliqela. Kwakhona bemlandela i iimpahla esingazihlabeliyo nezakhiwo ezidadayo hayi kuphela ngumkhenkce, kodwa amanzi acocekileyo. Ingakumbi "icebreaker", nto leyo igcina ijelo tyaba, likuvumela ukuba bemlandela iinqanawa kwi bemlandela elide.

isixhobo ivumela ukucima imililo kuzo zonke izityalo, hayi kuphela izinto ezidadayo, enze umsebenzi ukuba banike uncedo iimpahla ukuba axinekileyo, kwaye ice, namanzi evulekileyo.

Linga phezu yotshintsho ice-full

Ekuqaleni, ice-zagutyungelwa isonjululwe ngokwandisa ubunzima enqanaweni kunye namandla kwezityalo ayo ngamandla. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba uhlobo apho umkhenkce wagawulwa kwi imo yekona ethile, hayi gags, njengoko yeyokuba isebenza kakhulu. Kule fomu ekhethekileyo ifomu igobhogobho i likuvumela ukuba amsunduze emacaleni inqanawa kunqunyulwa umkhenkce phantsi kwe ice uluhlu, eshiya ngasemva icebreaker strip acocekileyo amanzi, kunokuba amaqhekeza omkhenkce, leyo ningaweleli yonke nqanawa.

inkampani West isiJamani "Thyssen-Waas 'wabhekisela amava ngempumelelo yotshintsho ice-ungumgqithi" maks Valdek "yaye" Mudyug "wavuka kwakhona. Side impumlo isabelo nefihlakeleyo ngokunzulu phantsi inxalenye yakhe buthuntu imibhobho iankile hawse waza wabanika ihlunguzela ukunyuka tsalela icebreaker "galosh" okanye "amathatha".

Ekubeni izilingo ulwandle kwenzeka ehlotyeni, womkhenkce kummandla Franz Josef yoMhlaba wayengekho obukhulu kakhulu, yaye iimvavanyo ukunika iziphumo ezanelisayo. Kodwa ebusika kwi deck esebenzayo zetha ngaphambili hayi iziphene ingqalelo. Astern breaking ice zihamba onke ayaba nako, kwaye phambi kokuba ngqi ngumkhenkce. Ukongeza, ezi glaciologists zibonise ukuba-nyaka emininzi ice kunye hummocks ahlabayo nzima, njengoko ngokuchaseneyo unyaka omnye, nto leyo bahlabeka iimvavanyo "Mudyug". ekugqibeleni Icebreaker kudluliselwa kuLwandle lweBaltic.

Festivals icebreakers

Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi 2014 icebreakers umthendeleko zabanjwa. Kuye kwabanjwa eSt Petersburg, waba ngowokuqala ehlabathini kwaye azinikele sesquicentennial le icebreaker nesinqanawa Russia. Petersburg wathabatha hits icebreakers. Kuphela ngosuku lokuqala womthendeleko watyelelwa ngabantu ngaphezu kwamawaka alishumi. Le icebreaker odumileyo Arctic "Krasin" kunye ubutyebi bembali nokobuqhawe; Port icebreaker «Ivan Kruzenshtern", ogama emva umhambi wempi enkulu UKUBA Kruzenshtern; omnye icebreakers ezintandathu, ogama emva kubathetheli odumileyo eSoviet "Captain Zarubin"; icebreakers Modern ngezixhobo yohlangulo umlilo zokucima elwandle evulekileyo kunye ukulwa nokuchitheka oyile "eMoscow" yaye "St Petersburg" - kwindawo emangalisayo enjalo imfaneleyo umntu onobuchule "Mudyug" icebreaker ngenxa deck elwandle yingqele.

Ixesha yesibini umthendeleko yabanjwa ngoMeyi 2015. Yena kwanikezelwa woloyiso lwakhe seventieth nasekuqaliseni nxaxheba convoys Polar ngexesha Second World War. Kwakhona, eSt Petersburg wadlan kuluhlu icebreakers. Ukongezelela nxaxheba kunyaka ophelileyo, icebreaker "Krasin", "Ivan Kruzenshtern", "Mudyug" yaye "eMoscow", bathatha inxaxheba kumnyhadala "Nevskaya Zastava" yaye "Captain Sorokin."

Elizayo Russian icebreaker fleet

Ngoku liphuhlise inkqubo karhulumente ngokudala wayenomkhosi entsha icebreaking of Russia, ekubeni inkoliso iinqanawa ezikhoyo ukuba lilahlwe.

Kufakwe uya kwakhiwa icebreakers diesel-zombane: line ukusebenza kwi Arctic, igunya phezu imigodi apho - 25 MW; Ilayini for qa iilwandle amandla 16-18 MW; AIDS kunye umthamo 7 MW, ngathi icebreaker "Mudyug".

Class icebreaker LK-25D ungakwazi, ngokubuyisela icebreaker "Krasin" yaye "Admiral Makarov", nasekuboneleleni navigation ehlotyeni nokunikezelwa imithwalo imikhumbi e basempumalanga, kunye unyaka wonke - kummandla entshonalanga yayo, phezu Yenisei.

uhlobo Icebreakers LK-18D, eyenzelwe ukuba indawo iimpahla "uCaptain Sorokin," ingaba into yokuhamba nje kuphela Arctic wasempumalanga, eMpuma Ekude, kodwa kwiindawo ezintsha ethembisa isitya Far East.
Icebreakers lohlobo LK-7D kufika nje kuphela indawo iinqanawa diesel-electric abangabancedani ezifana "Mudyug".

icebreaker isizukulwana esitsha ezifunekayo kuphuhliso imiyalelo ezintsha kwezithuthi kwiMpuma Ekude kunye Arctic, kwaye inkonzo kumazibuko ezintsha ezinjengeetheminali.