Le ntlekele koqoqosho China

Uqoqosho lwehlabathi iyakhula efanayo ndlela asakhulayo apho iinkqubo yezoqoqosho amazwe ukuba libandakanya. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba ezihambelanayo, kwaye xa into eyenzekayo, omnye ochaphazelekayo sikarhulumente efanayo. Lo kaloliwe yoqoqosho lwehlabathi ngoku ebizwa China, kodwa ezinye izinto ezimbi okanye uqale ukuvela ngokuthe ukuphucwa le isihloko. Eli lizwe elide Sinovuyo abezoqoqosho kabini-digit akukhona amazinga okukhula, kwaye kweli nqaku, siza kujonga kutheni kaloku kwakhokelela ekubeni eli yintoni iziphumo, apho ukuba kuza kubakho ingxaki kuqoqosho eTshayina.

Imeko yangoku kuqoqosho Chinese

Nangona inqaku itheyibhile yokuqulathiweyo, izinga lokukhula GDP e China yeyona inkulu ehlabathini. Kwangaxeshanye, inqanaba GDP ngamnye kabini ngaphantsi kwi-Russian Federation, nto leyo kakhulu kugqiba yokufuduka zoqoqosho Chinese eSiberia.

E China, nasebulawini into eninzi mveliso kunye namashishini zehlabathi, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba ibe kwilizwe kunye inqanaba eliphezulu kwabantu ezidolophini. imveliso kokufuduswa becala negalelo imivuzo ephantsi kunye nezinye izizathu njongo, kuquka amazwe inani izinto, nto leyo buyafuneka ukuze elektroniki (elements umhlaba ezinqabileyo). Kodwa-28% kuphela yabo bonke imveliso eyenziweyo iya kwimarike yasekhaya yonke imiqulu wawumkhulu. Bonke abanye athunyelwa kumazwe aphesheya. Asimele ngoyaba isibakala sokuba eli lizwe esilawulwa yinkqubo umyalelo-yezolawulo, noxa kwiimalike iipropati ezithile.

Njani na uqoqosho eTshayina

Ibali malunga imikhuba emibi abuyonto ngaphandle ukukhankanywa ephuhliswe ngayo uqoqosho. Imithetho yolawulo mihla babekwa phakathi kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, xa Communist China ngokubonakalayo wanceda eSoviet Union. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, njengoko ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo muncu, kuqala ndazama ukuhamba indlela yakhe, kodwa ngenxa yokusilela igqibe bathembele ubugcisa amazwe. Abaninzi kubo baye bufunyenwe ngokungekho mthethweni - ngokusebenzisa ubusela, ezinye uphele-mali ethile. Production ibekwe yesithathu eTshayina, yaye ekuhambeni kwexesha waqalisa ukuvelisa kanye "" yophuhliso.

Ekupheleni nenani-80 kweli lizwe kule ntlekele kwaqhambuka, leyo kuba nako ukulwanabo Den Syaopin. Ukususela ngelo xesha ukuya namhlanje China liphuhlisa, ukufumana isihloko 'indlela kaloliwe kwezoqoqosho', nangona yeentlekele esondela kwenkqubo eli lizwe. Ngoko ke yintoni eyenza okwangoku kukho iingxaki zoqoqosho e China?

Zintoni izinto ezibangela iziganeko ezimbi yezoqoqosho?

Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe, ongowayo lo lwawo. Isibakala sokuba eli lizwe kunye noqoqosho yayo ilawulwa ngamagosa, ulwazi nguwuphi lingenabukhazikhazi kakhulu. Ngoko ke, izigqibo eziyimfuneko kuza kulibaziseka ethile. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, kunye ezithile ebalulekileyo mali iimveliso ezithunyelwa phezu bagqitywe, nto leyo ekhokelela xenga ezithile zasekhaya.

Chaza ukuba le meko kunye nabasebenzi kulawulo lwamashishini. Isibakala sokuba phantsi kolawulo ekhoyo ejolise-ukungathotyelwa ayikho into encomekayo, ngoko abaphathi ezininzi zazi yonke izakhono kunye nokusebenza amaxesha okanye amaninzi amaxesha.

Ngaba le ngxaki i ntlekele?

Nangona lweentsingiselo ngasentla kufuneka acinge nzulu malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kuqoqosho yaseTshayina, ebizwa i ingxaki. Elona gama lifanelekileyo elichaza into eza kuba kuyo. Libhekisela kwezoqoqosho, izinga lokukhula kuyehla phantsi iziphumo umlindi. Kwakhona, kokoma idla ngokuba intwasahlobo ntlekele, kodwa ayikho kude.

Icandelo zokwakha kuqoqosho

Kuluncedo qhaqha amacandelo aphambili ukuba kudala iingxaki China mihla, okanye olunokudala kwixa elizayo. Enye yezi nkalo ingozi enokwenzeka ngu wokwakha. Kakade ke, abemi China i- likhulu kwaye sonke kufuneka unikeze indawo yokuhlala. Kodwa ke eyakhiwe kwiindawo ezinjalo ukuba indlela esa akukho nto ingako kakhulu efuna. Oku kukhokelela kwiidolophu ghost engenanto. Nangona loovimba ezicacileyo, ulwakhiwo siyaqhubeka isikali ebalulekileyo nesantya olungongezwanga, kuba ixhasa imveliso eziphathekayo kushishino ntli metallurgical, amashishini kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi zokwakha, eqinisekisa ukukhula koqoqosho. Ukuba kwicandelo zokwakha ukubuyisela umyalelo kwaye uyeke uphuhliso non-stop, ngoko, ngokutsho ezinye iingqikelelo, ukukhula koqoqosho China iya kunyothulwa kumaxabiso ubuncinane.

Ukuthunyelwa kwezilwanyana nemveliso Chinese

Njengoko sele ibhalwe ngentla,-28% kuphela iimveliso zayo China kudla bona abahlali lizwe, yaye intsalela kwamanye amazwe. Le meko yenza ilizwe ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi imeko yoqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye namazwe ngamnye, kwezo apho amazwe. Kakade ke, ukuba uqoqosho akuthethi sibutyake ntlekele jikelele, njengokuba ezinye izifundo ubomi kwezoqoqosho kuba oovimba endaweni imveliso, yaye uya kunyanzeliswa ukuba uqhubeke ukuthenga. Kodwa baya kuba nako ukwenza indawo eyaneleyo ngentsebenziswano eyiyo kunye nokusebenza nzima iminyaka emininzi yamazwe angaphandle kunye nomthengi. Ke China unokuwela emhadini kwezoqoqosho, ngaphandle apho iya kuba nzima kunene kuye.

Ixabiso kwempahla kumazwe eziveliswa kuthelekiswa lonke

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ingqalelo umthamo ukusetyenziswa kweli lizwe, kuba esi salathisi i ethile uzinzo kunye nokwanela kuqoqosho. Into yokuba ukusetyenziswa zasekhaya uzinzile ngakumbi ngokuphathelele kubasebenzisi amazwe ngenxa yokuba abathengi abanakho tshintshela kolunye umboneleli ngexesha elifanayo. Kwakhona, ukuba ixabiso ekhaya iye enkulu, oko bekuya kuthetha ukuba abahlali kumazwe amaninzi bacebe, nto leyo negalelo uzinzo olukhulu kwenkqubo kwaye inciphise amathuba sentlekele kweli lizwe. Le Ubunkokheli Chinese ezichaphazelekayo yile salathisi kwiminyaka yakutshanje kwaye ibamba inkqubo ethile, kodwa ke ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukuba kugwebe bona ukusebenza ekuqaleni.

Lwestokhwe zemali neemarike e China

Mhlawumbi eli candelo nqaku liza kuba inkulu. Ingxubakaxaka onke zemali e China ezahlukeneyo ukwenza izinto zayo, nto leyo eyenza kube Ukuphika engenamsebenzi. Ekuqaleni kufuneka sithethe ngale ngxaki yeentengo zemboleko nyaka ngamnye ngakumbi kwaye ukhathazeka kakhulu zezoqoqosho. Isibakala sokuba China unalo ityala elikhulu ekhaya. Ngenxa yoko, mboleko ukuya Chinese ikwazile ukufikelela kabini ubungakanani iyonke kwimveliso yasekhaya. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oko kuya ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekubeni kubekho inani elikhulu ekuthiwa njalo-mboleko "okubi", apho ziya kubuyiselwa nzima okanye hayi kwaphela ukuba ihlawulwe. Ngamanye amazwi, kuqoqosho enkulu ezinjengezo eTshayina, uye wadala kwiqamza credit omkhulu, othe ezinye iingxelo kungakhokhelela ukuwa, simthelekisa ingxaki-2008 ngonyaka kwaye isizathu yokuqala linengxaki zebhanki eTshayina, koko kulo lonke ihlabathi.

A amagama ambalwa malunga imali eninzi. Kwikota yesibini neyesithathu, wonke umntu uye weva malunga iingxaki zoqoqosho imali eninzi, owawa njengelizwe uvavanyo. ingxaki yayo okuphawulekayo kukuba esithubeni phakathi ulawulo karhulumente kwimarike free. Kwakhona phakathi ezibangela ukunganeliseki avakalisa ngelo xesha, kufuneka ngokuba ulwazi evaliweyo malunga iinkampani, kwakunye nokungakwazi uqinisekise kwedatha enikiweyo lokuthobela kunye kwenziwayo. Stock ingxaki e China i ukuboniswa ukuziphilisa ngenxa yokuba imarike imfuyo incinane. bekuya kuba ntoni, ukuba oko kungqinelane ubukhulu New York Stock Exchange, nokuba eyoyikisayo ukucinga, kuba ngokumandla ingaba kunokubangela ukuwa-stock yamanye amazwe nezinye izakhiwo.

yezoqoqosho jikelele yelizwe

Ngokubanzi, wathi China umiselwe ukuba nokwehla kwezoqoqosho, nokuba nzima. Nangona lweentsingiselo ezininzi ezimbi neengxaki noshowo eli candelo loqoqosho kweli lizwe usaqhubeka ukuba ezanda. Kwakhona, musa zingalujongi neemali zangaphandle ezibalulekileyo, kunye nemizamo ukucwangcisa iindlela interstate elikhulu, ezifana Asian Development Bank. Sinako bagcine kuphela izigqibo zikarhulumente yaseTshayina kwaye ithuba lokuxhamla ngokwabo, ukuphawula oyena nobangela kwentlekele China, ukuze ungaziphindi ngokwethu.