Kutheni i-Yaroslav Ihlakaniphile ibizwa ngokuba yingqiqo? Imbali yesiteketiso

Igama lendodana enkulu ye- Kiev inkosana iVladimir oyiNgcwele, iYaroslav, ayaziwa nje kuphela kwiimbali-mlando, kodwa nakwabemi bendawo. Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwemashumi amathathu karhulumente, wenza ezininzi izenzo ezinzulu kwi-Yaroslav, eyayibizwa ngokuba yizilumko.

Ubomi bokuqala

Ixesha elizayo uMkhulukazi uDuke wazalwa kwintsapho kaVladimir Svyatoslavovich. Wayengunyana wesibini ngobudlelwane, ekubeni ebuntwaneni babonisa ubuchule obunzulu ekufundeni, nangona kunjalo ekuqaleni kwaqala ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimpilo yezopolitiko kwelizwe. Ubaba onamandla wazama ukuqinisekisa ukuba oonyana bakhe bexesha elikudala baqonda isidingo sokucinga ngolu hlobo, kwaye, ngaphezu koko, babefuna ukuthobela ngokungenakuphikiswa. Ekuqaleni, u-Yaroslav osemncinci wamiselwa ukuba abe yinkosana eRostov, apho wahlala khona kwada kwafa umntakwabo uVysheslav, emva koko wamiselwa ukuba abe ngumbutho wenyango wesibini kwisixeko esibalulekileyo eRussia - i-Novgorod. Inkosana yayinomdla obunzima, njengoko abaphathi bakhe neqela lakhe bathetha ngokuphindaphindiweyo, nangona kunjalo wazama ukulungisa zonke iingxaki zengxabano ngokubambisana, kwaye kuphela kwiimeko ezigqithiseleyo eza kuvuleka. Mhlawumbi, yingakho u- Yaroslav Ohlakaniphile wayebizwa ngokuba yingqiqo.

Ukuqala komzabalazo wetrone

Ukuba yinkosana yaseNovgorod, wayengenaso isizathu sokuba uyindlalifa esihlalweni sobukhosi saseKiev. Nangona kunjalo, uVladimir, owaziwayo phakathi kwabahlali ngokuthi "uthando lwabesetyhini olusatshatyalaliswayo", wazinikela kakhulu ekupheleni kobomi bakhe, kwaye ngaphezu kwabo bonke abantwana bakhe wayemthanda inzala evela kwinduna yaseByzantine uAnna, uBoris noGleb. Ookuqala kubo, mhlawumbi, isikhulu sasifuna ukudlulisela itrone yakhe. Kodwa uVladimir akazange acinge ukuba abanye abazalwana babecala igama lomlawuli ophakamileyo weli lizwe, kwaye omnye wabo wayeyinkosana yaseNovgorgorod yaseYaroslav. Ngo-1014 ingxabano yavela phakathi koyise kunye nendodana. UVladimir wayenenjongo yokuya ekulweni nendodana yakhe evukelayo, kodwa ekuphakameni kwephulo, umbhaptizi waseRussi wafa. Ngokukhawuleza emva koko, iinxalenye ezinkulu zaqala ukuphuma kude ne-state-le nto yayisoloko iimeko xa urhulumente ophakathi ebuthathaka. Le meko yaqhutyiswa ngakumbi yinto yokuba uVladimir owamkela umntwana uSvyatopolk wathatha amandla kummandla.

Indlela yokwenza amandla

Umntwana ongefuni ukulahlekelwa amandla ezandleni zakhe waza wagqiba ekubeni ahlasele abathandana naye. Owokuqala ukubetha umzala wakhe wayengabazalwana abathandekayo uVladimir-Gleb noBoris. Bobabini babengafuni ukulwa netrone, apho i-squad yawashiya. Ngo-1015 kufuphi neKiev, iNkosana uBoris ya bulawa, kwaye kungekudala into efanayo yafikela i-Murom Prince Hleb, ngemiyalelo kaSvyatopolk, umpheki wakhe wabetha. Wabuya wambulala enye unyana kaVladimir I, uSvyatoslav, abo baqeshwe yi-prince. Yaye apha emzabalazweni ovulekileyo ufika kwisikhulu sakwaNovgorgorod iJaroslav. Nangona ngexesha lokulungisa impendulo kwesoyiko likayise, wacela uncedo kuma-Varangi, apho wayilungiselela umkhosi wakhe. I-Svyatopolk, yabangela ukuncedwa kwe-Pechenegs, owayedlala ngokuphindaphindiweyo eRashiya, kwaye ngokufanayo waphinda wabaphendukela kubantu. Kulo mzabalazo, u-Yaroslav wenza njengobungqina bemikhosi ye-centripetal, yingakho i-Yaroslav Ihlakaniphile ibizwa ngokuba yingqiqo.

Yaroslav intloko yelizwe

Amaqela amabini aphikisanayo ahlanganisene ne-1016 kufuphi nesixeko saseLyubech. Kwimfazwe eyaqala umkhosi waseSviatopolk wanyiswa, kwaye yena ngokwakhe wagijima waya kunceda uninazala, ukumkani wasePolish. Ngaphandle kwemibutho ayinikezile, wabuyela eRashiya. Ngelo xesha, iipolesi zaziziphatha njengabahlaseli, nto leyo eyabangela ukungaxhatshazi kogonyamelo kubemi. Umzabalazo waqhubeka. Esebenzisa iimvakalelo ezithandwayo, u-Yaroslav wabuyisa kwakhona umzala wakhe. Nangona kunjalo, akuzange kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza ukubuyisela imeko yangaphambili ehlangeneyo. UMstislav akazange afune ukuthobela igunya laseKiev, kwaye kukho imfazwe enkulu phakathi kwabazalwana ngo-1024. Ngaloo nto, isikhulu saseKieg satshatyalaliswa, kodwa akazange aphinde alwe nomntakwabo, kodwa wagqiba umnqophiso kunye naye, ngoxa abazalwana babelana ngezinto zabo, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo babonakalisa ukuhlaselwa kweentshaba kwaye bancedana ngeemeko ezahlukeneyo. Yingakho abantu bexesha elibizwa ngokuba yi-Yaroslav bulumko. Emva kokufa kukaMstislav, onke amazwe akhe ahlanganiswe neKiev.

Yaroslav i-legislator

Ukuba ngumlawuli wedwa waseRashiya, i- Yaroslav yalela yonke imizamo yokuyiqinisa. Esinye seziganeko ezibalulekileyo zomlawuli omtsha kwakusekwa umyalelo kwimeko. Ukwenza oku, kwakudingeka ukudala inkqubo yezomthetho, apho wathatha ngamandla angaphezu kwamandla, i-Yaroslav Vladimirovich. Sekuqaleni kwinqanaba lokulawula kwakhe, wazisa ikhowudi yemithetho, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Inyaniso YaseRashiya". Isikhumbuzo sezomthetho saseRashiya yasendulo saba ngumqulu wokuqala weemithetho zelizwe. Iimiselo ezilawulwayo, okokuqala, uwonkewonke, ummandla okhuselekile. Ukongeza, i- feud yegazi yavalwa . Kwabangela umonakalo omkhulu kweli lizwe, ngoku kwavunyelwa kuphela izihlobo eziseduze okanye kuthatyathwa yintlawulo. Yingakho i-Yaroslav Ihlakaniphile ibizwa ngokuba yingqiqo.

Yintoni enye eyayibizwa ngokuba yinduna?

Igama likaYaroslav The Wise liyaziwa ngokuba wayenxulumene neendlela ezininzi ezilawulayo zaseYurophu. Iintombi zakhe zaba ngabafazi bookumkani baseFransi, eNorway, eHungary, eDenmark, oonyana abatshatileyo ababesetyhini baseByzantium, eJamani, ePoland. Oku kwaqinisa kakhulu isikhundla sakhe sobukhosi kunye nombuso. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, wacela ukuba uMkhulukazi waseRashiya abe ngumdala kwintsapho. Isithethe sentsapho yasendulo siya kuba sesinye sezizathu ezibangela ukuxabana kwe-internecine. Okwangoku, inkosana yayinandipha uzuko lwabantu, enyanisweni, yingakho i-Yaroslav Ihlakaniphile ibizwa ngokuba yingqiqo.