Isikhumbuzo sePeresvet eBryansk. Iziganeko Zembali

Isikhumbuzo sePeresvet eBryansk siye sahlala ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, makhe siqale ngenyaniso yokuba isixeko senkazimulo yempi yaseBryansk sisezinxwemeni zeDesna. Abemi bayo bangabantu abangaphezu kwamawaka angama-400. I-panorama ehle kakhulu yeemitha ezihle kunye neendlela ezintle, iindawo zokuhlala zedolophu yokusebenza kweshishini zivula kwindawo yaseNtshonalanga yePokrovskaya, ephakama ngqo ngaphaya kwesi sixeko, eyenza umda ogqithiseleyo we-Desna. Ngesinye isikhathi, kwavela apha ukuba ukuqala kwendawo yokuhlala kwaqala, ekugqibeleni kwakha inqaba-dolophu yaseBryansk.

Isikhumbuzo sePeresvet eBryansk. Pokrovskaya Intaba

Ukusuka kuzo zonke iinqaba ivalwe yimithambeka ephakamileyo neyintlambo yentaba, amahlathi angenakuphungulwa kunye nemigodi, eyayikukhusela ngokuqinisekileyo kwesi sixeko kwiintshaba ezininzi.

Ngaphambi kokuqhubela ibali malunga nesikhumbuzo ePeresvet eBryansk, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iNtaba yasePokrovskaya ixesha elide, ngokoqobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII, yayiyiziko le sixeko. Posad emva kwinqaba. Isixeko saseBryansk saqale sichazwa kwi-Ipatiev Chronicle ngo-1146, xa kwakuhlala abantu abangama-350 kuphela kwiNtaba yePokrovskaya. Kwaye ke abantu abahlukeneyo, abagcisa kunye nabasimili baqala ukuhlala apho. Ngo-1246 loo mzi waba yiziko leBryansk. UBriansk isikhulu uBoris Mikhailovich, owafa ngo-1401, wayeyinyana yesikhulu uMichael, owabulawa kwi-Golden Horde, waqala ukwakha nokuqinisa isixeko.

KwiSikhumbuzo

Isikhumbuzo savulwa ngo-1985. Emva koko umzi wawugubha iminyaka eyi-1000. Ngozuko lwale mcimbi mhle, kwagqitywa isigqibo sokumisa into enzima - isikhumbuzo ku-Alexander Peresvet kunye neBayan kunye ne-stele kunye ne-Motherland-Motherland. Emva komqolo wabalinganiswa babini bokuqala umcibisholo omhlophe wekhephu ubonakala, ngasentla omelela umfanekiso wesifazane osebenza nzima onobunzima bomfanekiso we-Motherland kunye ne-Motherland. Kwizandla zakhe uphethe isikhonkwane nesinyundo, zimele iimpawu zokufama kunye nobugcisa. Abantu abasandul 'ukutshata baza kulezi zikhumbuzo ezidumeleyo zeNtaba yasePokrovskaya ukuze bahloniphe imemori yabo, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo bathathe umfanekiso baze bashiye irayoni ngenjongo yolonwabo.

Peresvet noBayan

UBryansk ubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaba wasePeresvet. Isakhiwo sakhe esibukhulu sasakhiwa kwindawo ephezulu yeNtaba yasePokrovskaya. Ukubunjwa kubandakanya iqhawe lomkhosi waseKukokovo, ehleli ehashe elinamandla. Umratshi waseRussia uAlexander Peresvet ekuqaleni kwemfazwe elwa neqhawe eliqinileyo laseTatar likaKhelubey. Ngokomlando wasendulo, lo mkhosi waseRashiya wayevela eBryansk. Emva kwakhe wayehlala uGuslyar Bayan, owayephinde abe ngumhlali wale ndawo. Nguye lowo kunye neengoma zakhe eziphakamisa umkhondo kumajoni empi phambi kwelifa.

Isikhumbuzo sePeresvet eBryansk: imbali

Kukholelwa ukuba uPersvet wazalelwa eBryansk kwaye ngaphambi kokuthotyelwa kwe-monasticism yayingumfana, owathatha inxaxheba kwimikhankaso yempi. Ekubeni ubomi bukaPeresvet no-Oslabi kuthiwa babengabafundi bobawo ohloniphekileyo baseSt. Sergius waseRadonezh, abo uDmitry Grand Duke uDmitry Donskoi ayenzela inkxaso nenkxaso yokomoya. Uhlonishwa uSergius akazange amsikelele yena kuphela, kodwa amabini anamaqhawe anamandla: uAlexander Peresvet noAndrew Oslabya. UAlesandre wathandaza kwelinye leeseli kwaye, eshiya umthi we-apple-tree, ogcinwa kwiMyuziyam yaseRyazan yeMbali yeNgingqi, waya ekulweni.

Ukususela kwicala laseMamai waxhatshazwa ngamandla amakhulu omkhwa weChelubei, owawaxabana ama-300 kwaye akazange alahlekelwe ngumnye. UPeresvet wayesazi ukuba umkhonto weChelubey wawunobuthi kwaye ubude bude ngaphezu kwakhe, kwaye wayengazange afike kuyo, ngoko wakhupha zonke iinqwelo zakhe, ehleli kwiskimu enye kunye nomnqamlezo esifubeni sakhe. Ngaphambili wabala ukuba intshaba yomkhonto kwisantya iya kudlula emzimbeni wakhe aze amnike ithuba lokuba asondele kufuphi noChelubey ukuze amnqube aze ambulale. Konke oku kwenzekile, kwaye uPersvet, emva kokufumana isilonda sokufa, wakwazi ukubuyela kwinkqubo kwaye wafa ezandleni ze-comrades-ngezandla. Ihashe ethembekileyo yamthabatha, yashiya kwisikhwama somqhubi, eyakhe.

IMfazwe

Emva koko, imfazwe yaseKukokovo yaqala , yayinguSeptemba 8, 1380. Kucingwa ukuba imizimba yoMfundisi uPresvet no-Oslabi (owayevela eBryansk) ingcwatyelwa kwingqalelo yeCawa yoKuzalwa kukaMariya oyintsikelelo eMoscow kwindawo yase-Old Simonovo.

Kukho isiphakamiso sokuba kulwa kweKukokovo, unyana ka-Oslabi Yakov naye wathatha inxaxheba, owathi, njengoyise, wafaka intloko yakhe eRussi-Mama. Kukho ibali likaDmitry Donskoi elenzakele kwinqanaba lokulwa waza wawa ehashe lakhe. Ukuthintela, ukudonsa umzimba wakhe kwindawo ephephile, ukugqoka iinqwelo zakhe kunye nokuqhubela phambili iqela ekulwa, oko kuyachaphazela isiphumo sokulwa.

Isikhumbuzo sePeresvet eBryansk simele sikhumbuze abantu, kunzima ukucinga, kodwa, ngokubhekiselele kuqikelelo olubi, ecaleni likaDon ukusuka kuma-40 ukuya kuma-70 amajoni amawaka, umkhosi wakwaMamai ubaleke ukusuka kuma-90 kuya kumawaka-150 abantu. Amabutho aseRussia alahlekelwa ngamawaka angama-20, i-horde-8/9 yomkhosi wonke.

Ukuvulwa kwesikhumbuzo kwakubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yokuba iVladimirs, iBryans, i-Suzdalians, iRostovites, iKostroma kunye nabanye baya ekulweni, kodwa babuya ebudeni bebodwa baseRussia.