Impi Kulikovo

Kulikov ekulweni - eli binzana yaziwa ukuba phantse wonke ummi welizwe lethu kwiminyaka esixhenxe. ungavumeli bonke bephela ziyayazi iyinene kule edabini, kodwa ke into yokuba siyazi ukuba okuninzi kakhulu kunoko kwenzeka neminyaka elikhulu kamva kwaye kwaphawula ukuphela Mongol-Tatar idyokhwe, uthi kakhulu kunene.

Ezibangela ukuba Idabi Kulikov ezilula kunye nabalulamileyo. Kwiminyaka ethile ngaphambili, amajoni Russian yisiwe wayesilwa anayo. Ke kaloku omnye aweza myriarchs, ezizezi Khan Mamai wagqiba ukubulala iintaka eziliqela isibetho mnye: ukuphucula impembelelo anayo kwi oozilawuli Russian, kwaye ngexesha elinye kholeka yayo phakathi esizwe. Kunye nenkxaso ye-Lithuanian Grand Duke Jagiello, Khan bafudukela iphulo kumazwe Russian. Amabutho Lithuanian kwafuneka ukudibanisa kufuphi Voronezh. Enye ally Mamaia wayefanele ukuba ibe Oleg I., nguMthetheli Ryazan. Kodwa kuguqulelo mnye, yena uvalelwe kuye izithembiso, koko, kukho inkcazelo ukuba wamlumkisa Rusich ukuba Khan Mamai elindele ukusekelwa evela Jagiello.

Emva kokufumana ezi ndaba, le Moscow Prince nguDmitry Ivanovich wagqiba ukuba bangayi namahlakani kunye ukunyanzela Khan ukuzibandakanya emfazweni, hayi elinde ukuba amajoni Lithuanian. It inikeza iinkosana Russian ukujoyina imikhosi nxamnye utshaba eqhelekileyo. Waphendula, Kakade ke, asizizo zonke, kodwa Duke wakwazi ifukame Nebhanile yayo ezingaphezu kwe-100 lamawaka amajoni. Nguwuphi kwaba ngaphantsi kancinci kuphela kwe impi mkhosi. Kulo mzekelo, ngenxa kuphuculo emkhosini olwenziwe UDimitri, umkhosi Russian ndathintelwa izihlandlo ezininzi ngakumbi, nto leyo inzuzo ebalulekileyo edabini.

Bahlanganisana umkhosi, nguDmitry Ivanovich bafudukela OB River. Ukwahlukana kwiintsuku ezili-11, abangaphezu kwe-200 km, isantya elo xesha nje nanto, amajoni Russian lanyanzela Mamaia ukuhambisa ukuba intlanganiso, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba Jagiello.

Besondela Don, umkhosi Russian kangangexesha elithile ayikwazanga isigqibo umkhombe wokuweza, kuba la omlambo iqala ummandla Golden mkhosi. Noko ke, efumene umyalezo ovela Sergei Radonezhsky kunye ifuna ukuba nzima nobudoda ngakumbi, nguDmitry I. isonjululwe ekudibaneni. Russian wawela Don ngobusuku September 8, 1380 Le wokuweza yaba phezu phenyane ibhulorho yamaplanga, apho inkosi yayalela ukuba anitshabalalise.

Ngoko ke, oko kukuthi, kwelinye icala, wonqanyulwa, angabikho yingxonde yakhe umkhosi, kwelinye - ukubonelela ukhuseleko emva kwayo, akuba wabeka abantu bakhe ukuze umva yabo yaphulwe elunxwemeni Nepryadva ephahlwe Don kunye aphakeme enzonzobila. Ngenxa yoko, nguDmitry Ivanovich iindlela zalibaziseka emihlubulweni utshaba. Oko kukuthi, kwaba indlela oluthandayo Mamaia wayesoloko balihlutha umkhosi wakhe phezu nelisemihlubulweni, nemikhosi utshaba zifakwe kwi intshukumo pincer. Yaba igama elitsha namaqhinga okulwa.

amajoni Russian zaye ibekwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: amandla omkhulu zaye buzinze embindini, webutho, ebizwa ngokuba yi-enkulu. regiments ezimbini ezincinane ibekwe nelisemihlubulweni ekhohlo nasekunene. Ngaphezu koko, bekukho advance encinane kunye butho abalaleli webutho, akhiwe ukuya ngasempumalanga, ngokuba kwipaki encinane enomthunzi. Mamay In isikhungo a nomkhosi omkhulu, mabutho kwi nelisemihlubulweni bema, leyo Mamai ekuthini ngokungathi ukwamkela utshaba, kodwa ngenxa ukusetyenziswa ngobuchule ngengingqi, Russian akazange avunyelwe ukuba wenze oku.

Kulikov mpi yaqala ngesifingo kunye umdlalo yemveli. Ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya kulwa Russian monk Peresvet, igosa lakomkhulu owayesakuba kunye iqhawe qhawe hlokondiba wabeka Chelubey. Wagqibelisa le mpi imikhonto ngexesha ukoyiswa inye, ngokutsho imiqondiso, ukuthetha ende kunye wamagazi. Eyokuqala yawa Chelubey. Kweli nqanaba ingxokolo amahashe indulumbane edabini, inyathelwe Peresvet.

Inyathelo lokuqala yaba webutho kwamabutho itshayelwe phambili, ngoko hlokondiba bagxila imikhosi zabo kumbindi-mkhosi Russian. Noko ke, ukuba awadubadube nje ngokukhawuleza yasilela, yaye amajoni Mamaia watshintshela webutho, esandleni sasekhohlo. Akwazi ukuba cinezela nomkhosi baleka Nepryadva, kodwa ngeli thuba Ezomva amahashe wabetha webutho abalaleli, umkhosi beemboniselo engazi hlokondiba yaye wenza ukudideka. Le meko akazange asilele ngokunenzuzo webutho enkulu. Rusichi waya phezu uhlaselo, umzobo mahashe hlokondiba ukuba basaba. Abo ke, amahashe iimpuphu kunyathelwa nomkhosi wakhe. umkhosi Russian sacacisa utshaba km ngaphezu kwama-50 ukuya emlanjeni Beautiful Ngekrele. Uninzi anayo wabulawa ebudeni kokurhoxa. kwasuswa isicelo Khan Noko ke, wakwazi ukubaleka Mamay. Yena wabulawa kamva, kwi-mkhosi mkhulu kunene, wakwenza oko Tohtomysh Khan.

Ngokutsho yemicimbi yemihla, yena Kulikov mpi yathatha 4:00, yaye ngentsimbi ezimbini lase liphelile. Iilahleko macala omabini kwakukho kakhulu. Russian walahlekelwa 483 Abathetheli boyar no-12, yaba ngaphezu kwama-60% ekhulwini eso sakhiwo umyalelo. phakathi kwamasoldati ilahleko abaqhelekileyo na isiphumo. Kodwa ke umkhosi Mamai zabulawa phantse ngokupheleleyo.

Ke kaloku kwaye Idabi Kulikov, nokubaluleka kwayo zembali baba nje yinxalenye yekharityhulam yesikolo. Kwathi ke ngaloo mihla, waba uphawu ezisingise kwindibano yabantu Russian, kuba loo nto xa izilawuli ezininzi Russian kwenziwa okokuqala kwiphulo ngokuhlangeneyo. Ukongeza, kuba eli dabi waphefumlela abantu Russian ngenkolelo ukuba unokoyisa i Golden mkhosi mkhulu kunene, yaye ukuya kufikelela kwinkululeko epheleleyo kwakusekho malunga nekhulu leminyaka ezelwe, ukuba bekufanele ukuba ukuqala ngomhla endle Kulikovo.

Kulikov mpi abakhankanywe inani elikhulu lwemisebenzi yoncwadi, efana owayephila ngexesha lakhe, yaye kamva. Malunga yokubhala yaye babhala iimbongi nababhali, njengophawu umanyano Russia kunye namandla awo.