Iinqwelomoya yaseMelika. iinqwelo-moya zomkhosi umphakathi US

I-US Air Force ngoku ingqalelo umgangatho yi-mthetho kummandla ukwakhiwa moya. I-US ingqalelo le meko zendalo ngokugqibeleleyo.

I-moya wokuqala

iinqwelomoya american umkhondo imbali yabo ukubhabha yokuqala abazalwana Wright. Bakwazi ukwakha 1903, kungekuphela kwase yangoku-moya, kodwa kwakhona ukufumana ulwazi lokuqala kunye namava yokusabela ezilawulwa.

Ngoxa ukusebenza kumashini, leyo kuthiwa "Flyer", nabasunguli iindlela, logshie isiseko bonke kushishino lweenqwelo elandelayo. Kodwa ke abazalwana lathembela kakhulu ngamava ababengaphambi ukuba banikwa iziphumo impumelelo yabo kunye nokusilela. Ezi AMAGQABAZA ▸-moya yaqala eFransi, eRashiya, eNgilani kunye namanye amazwe. Ngoko ke, lo moya lokuqala oluphemeleleyo umfutho kuphuhliso olungaphezulu kuwo onke amazwe, kubo kunokukhokelela.

ekuqaleni ukundiza

jerk ebukhali ukutshintsha imo-moya evela egaraji angenzi ekhaya ukuya oomatshini mveliso omkhulu, kwenzeka ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. US ezontathu wathabatha inxaxheba kuyo kuphela kwinqanaba lokugqibela. Ngoko ke, amaMelika akukho wayiqokelela amava ngokwaneleyo kunye ezontathu.

Kweli xesha interwar, oko luphawulwa uphuhliso moya yeposi kwaye umkhweli, likuvumela ukuba boyise imigama kakhulu lizwe labo aqhube ishishini yonikezelo abakhweli kunye imithwalo eMzantsi Merika, phantse inazo Railways. Ngelo xesha yayiyilwe abenzi-moya ezinkulu:

• "Kwendiza".
• "Sikorsky".
• "McDonnell Douglas".
• "Lockheed" kunye nabanye

Ukuveliswa iinjini indiza benza corporation "Pratt & Whitney" yaye "Electric Jikelele". Aircraft kushishino US Bulelani kwinqanaba lophuhliso ngezobunjineli libe namathuba amahle, nangona kwicala umkhosi kuyo, oko yasungulwa kakubi. Nakuba kunjalo, i-US ekubonelelwe moya kunye nabaqhubi kwamanye ngquzulwano pre-imfazwe. iinqwelomoya yaseMelika kunye nabaqhubi bathatha inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Sino-Japanese ecaleni kwe KMT lawulo.

IMfazwe Yehlabathi II. ekuqaleni

Ngu ekuqaleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, i-US waba izinto ezincinane kakhulu kwinkalo Aviation emkhosini. Iziganeko eYurophu ziye kakhulu utshintshe imeko kushishino lweenqwelo le. Ukuze baphendule Wesithathu, France kwakufuneka inani elikhulu-moya, ekujongwe ukuba ukubuyisela ilahleko imfazwe. Ishishini US ugxalathelwano ngayo utyalo-French kunye nobuchwepheshe ukuqinisekisa ukusekwa kwamaziko ekuveliseni amawaka koomatshini. Emva kokuwa eFransi, eUnited States waba ngasemva industrial Britain odolo zazo apho.

Ufumene inkxaso, ishishini moya US ikhula ukwandisa umthamo umba. iinqwelomoya american ithathe uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe lwamazwe ezahlukeneyo aze alungelelaniselwe kumava imfazwe eqhubekayo.

Ukuthatha inxaxheba emfazweni

Ebudeni beminyaka yemfazwe yawangenisa US ukwakhiwa moya kwindawo ephambili ehlabathini. I-United States idale-moya phambili emkhosini, eziquka zonke iintlobo moya. Easy American kwesimo moya, baxhotyiswa ingakumbi izixhobo ukufota, umgca evulekileyo uvaliwe superheavy "iinqaba flying" B-25. Ngexesha lemfazwe eUnited States baye amava angathethekiyo kwemisebenzi zomoya qhinga elikhulu ngomlinganiselo yezwekazi. Imfazwe kunye Japan wayezimisele yobunkokeli lweenqwelo yomkhosi wamanzi, ngokusekelwe ezininzi lwamaqonga yenethiwekhi-based ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo.

Amandla atshabalalisayo kwezixhobo ezintsha iye yaphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo. Air Umyalelo inoxanduva iziqhushumbisi ngokuqatha izixeko German, abahlali musa ukuyishiya ithemba lakhe losindiso. moya US wambetha ukuhlasela yehlabathi yokuqala zenyukliya.

Ngaphandle kwisikali olumbaxa Force Air, ekupheleleni lobugcisa iimoto ayisoloko kwimbali. US moya jet unetyala imvelaphi yalo kuphuhliso IsiNgesi kummandla injini kunye yokubhabha ka moya-high speed.

era lovukelo

Iinkokheli eUnited States wayesazi kakuhle na utshintsho olululo ezinxulumene kokufika injini ye jet. Lokuqala US yokulwa oluphuhliswe Lockheed moya. Umlweli F-80 Shuting Star kwabonakala elula ukwenza nokusebenzisa, iyenza ixesha elide.

Ungquzulwano yokuqala moya Soviet ngexesha Korean beMfazwe watyhila ubuthathaka yayo. Yena nako ukumelana ababelwa Screw ngenxa uphume eliphantsi. ESoviet Jets njengabongamileyo F-80 speed kunye kwezikhali. Amathuba aphezulu zobugcisa zoshishino American uya kukhawuleza aphinde kukhokela. Umzekelo okuphawuleka kwesimo moya CP-71 "Blackbird" uyilo ehambelanayo lwekamva American ezineempawu ezizodwa.

Waza waqala uphuhliso ekuhlaseleni jet kunye moya zothutho. Mu kuya kwa nshita moya ekukhanyeni, aba matshini zabekwa kuphela iinjini turbojet. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwafezwa turboprop kunye powerplant turbofan.

ukukhanya Modern US ukulwa moya

Bephumelele indlela elide yophuhliso, ishishini Aviation North American luyaqhubeka ukuba babe ngabantu abakwizihlalo eziphambili ehlabathini simo. Imigudu ephambili yophuhliso ingqalelo ekwakheni ukulwa sesihlanu-ngezizukulwana. imizamo Long-term kukhokelele ekuyilweni imifuziselo ezimbini moya, nto leyo kuthwelwe kwimpumelelo eliphezulu izimvo zokuyila amathuba uzobe olwenziwe eUnited States.

"Isizukulwana sesihlanu" izibulo yaba bangamajoni bomber F-22 "Oluhlala" Corporation "kwendiza". Okunye umatshini enemisebenzi bekufanele ukuba ndinikhululele oseqongeni le bangamajoni bomber F-35, eveliswe inkampani "Lockheed Martin". Omabini imifuziselo ukuvelisa iziphumo ezixubeneyo phakathi iingcali kunye iingcaphephe zomkhosi.

Sikunye izinto ngokubanzi ezipapashiweyo abanazo ngokucacileyo ingxaki zeteknoloji kunye nezokusebenza kakhulu. Ukuphakama phezu kwababandezeli ezinokwenzeka ekulweni koomatshini boni. Ngokubambisana amaxabiso kakhulu aphezulu iiyunithi iingalo oomatshini yovavanyo loo kukhokelele ekubeni yande kangaka inkolelo yokuba US iinqwelomoya zomkhosi akukho ngumzekelo omhle. Kunye ke Ukwanda kwizithuthi kunye oomatshini zakutsha baqhubeka yotshintsho iinqwelomoya komdyarho endala, ebizwa ngxi umthwalo basic yokulwa.

zokulwa Heavy kunye kwendiza yabantu US

I indawo okuyo of America iye yavusa umdla omkhulu umoya zokuhamba. Amava yehlabathi neemfazwe asekuhlaleni usoloko uqinisekisa impumelelo yokusetyenziswa ekuhlaseleni. USA Today kukho izithuthi omkhulu moya lwabakhweli yenye yeenkokheli kushishino lwabo. Umlimi ezingundoqo moya abakhweli yinto corporation, "iBoeing", nto leyo uvelisa phantse zonke iindidi moya yorhwebo.

US moya izithuthi zomkhosi kuboniswa kakuhle imoto C-5 "Galaxy". ukukwazi kwakhe zobugcisa yesibini kuphela moya yezothutho enzima eSoviet okanye Russian. Ukongeza iisekethe ubeko zakudala, iimoto hybrid, "nenkqo" ibivele eUnited States, edibanisa koncedo nezithintelo-moya kunye ntaka.

US Air Force bomber ikhangeleka pretty engaqhelekanga. Lwekamva F-2, eyenziwe i "iphiko iphaphazela" uqwalaselo ne anti-radar fuselage kunye ukutyabeka ehlanganiswa B-52 akudala, balwa ekuqaleni i-Vietnam imfazwe.

amathuba

Eyona ndlela iphambili yophuhliso lweeprojekthi Aviation American kuhlala ukwakha iimpawu-high speed ukuba moya yokulwa i-United States kunye izithuthi umsebenzi kunye neemoto umkhweli. inkqubela umdla phambili ingami ngezantya hypersonic lo gama kuzanywa ukuphumeza technology irula. cars ezithwala zilinganiselwa kwi iindleko zokuhanjiswa unit impahla unit umgama nganye. Ngoko ke, uphando esisiseko technical ejoliswe ukwandisa payload kunye amafutha nokusebenza zokuhamba.