Bakelite - yintoni na le nto, ziziphi iimpawu zayo?

Bakelite - yintoni na? Amanqaku yenye yezi ntlobo zindala iiplastiki eziveliswe uluntu. Le efunyenwe nokucutheka phenols kunye nentlaka formaldehyde, phambi kwealkali. Ngaphandle, i elayibrari ndakha zifana evuthiweyo, yerabha nzima, celluloid kunye lwendlovu.

Ukusungulwa kwe Bakelite

Bakelite - yintoni na le nto? Ingcamango yokuphuhlisa elinzima-umsebenzi, iplastiki non-olunokutsha weza umenzi Belgian Leo Bakelandu umva ngo-1909. Kangangethuba elide umbandela yasetyenziswa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeendawo mveliso kuphela. Kamva, ubunzima ukukhanya namandla kakhulu ka Bakelite wakhonza iipropati eliphezulu iingcali ekwenziweni izacholo ezingabizi.

izinto imfuno Special ekuqaleni akazange ukuyisebenzisa. Kuphela 40 zenkulungwane lokugqibela ngenxa yokwanda elibalulekileyo umbala palette, Bakelite waqalisa ukutsala ingqalelo iinkampani ezininzi ukugxininisa ukwenziwa izacholo neentlobo ngeentlobo nezincedisi ndyangu.

Emva kwemfazwe, imfuno lehla kancinane kwi Bakelite. A wave entsha baduma kweencwadi weza kwi 80s, xa umhombiso bakelite kwakhona imfuneko, ubukhulu becala ngenxa designer yaseMelika. Ngokukodwa, ingqokelela enkulu Bakelite izacholo waba igcisa odumileyo kunye bhanya Endi Uorhola, emva kokufa apho iimveliso ziye kuthengiswa kwifandesi ngexabiso irekhodi ngelo xesha.

Namhlanje, ingqalelo Bakelite njenge amandla aphezulu, ayisindi kakhulu yaye izinto textured nangoku phezulu ngokwaneleyo, Noko ke, njengoko ixabiso layo.

Njani imveliso Bakelite

Umxube formalin kunye phenols phambi engundoqo kwealkali okanye asidi yakha bakelite. Yintoni na? Ethetha formalin, ngoko ke ilungiselwe yi igcwala of methanol kubushushu ka-650 ° ^C phantsi phambi ngumnxibelelanisi ngohlobo zesilivere. Enye ingxenye Bakelite - phenol eyenziwe ngomthi, iimveliso lignite umgquba of nokusulungekiswa oyile.

Izithako Bakelite agalelwa ngeendlela ezizodwa, kwaye ndinobushushu 80 ^C. Le mveliso ekrwada "Bakelite A" kwi kubushushu igumbi na iimpawu ezifanayo rosin.

Ukunqanda ukuyilwa amaqamza kunye ukuqanda kwisakhiwo izinto Bakelite yi polymerized kwizinga xi ephakamileyo malunga 8 umoya. Xa polymerization Bakelite kwizikhongozeli etywiniweyo, uxinzelelo efunekayo kuyafikelelwa ngokwalo.

Bakelite - iimpawu ezibonakalayo

Bakelite i ezomeleleyo, unamathele uba infusible, uhlobo ezingenakunyibilika phantsi kwempembelelo zokufudumeza ixesha elide. Amanqaku kakuhle enyibilikayo utywala. Ngoko ke, lo propati isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ngempumelelo lacquers bakelite.

Le nto iye yayisoma ixesha elide. Bakelite i ngumbhexeshi ogqwesileyo ubushushu ubuso bawo uyabachasa lingonakali kunye noxinzelelo. Machining of Bakelite ingenziwa phezu owodwa umshini.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, le eziphathekayo enokumelana eliphezulu ukuya imichiza entsimbini. Ngaphandle ziqwalaselwa kuphela izisombululo ze-nitric acid kunye sulphuric acid.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, njengayo nayiphi na enye into, iye kuneengxaki zako kunye bakelite. Yintoni na? Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhumbula lexinene nokwanda brittleness lo mbandela. Izinto ngokwesiseko ifunyenwe elikhulu Bakelite. Ngoko ke, izinto alulungelanga ngokupheleleyo ekuveliseni amaqokobhe electronic mihla.

Kwangaxeshanye, Bakelite kuyingozi ngenxa yobukho kuhlanganiselo formaldehyde kunye nezinye izinto eziyityhefu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-kungenzeka usebenzisa imathiriyeli kwamanye amacandelo ezoshishino kuhlala abambalwa kakhulu.

Indlela yokwahlukanisa kunokwenzeka fake Bakelite?

Bakelite - yintoni na? Okokuqala, izinto uphawuleka iipropati zexabiso ezifana yemozulu ukuxhathisa, acid na Heating obalaseleyo, kwaye kulula ukuba ukusebenza zoomatshini.

Nangona a lot lonke zomlomo iimpawu ezikhethekileyo umbandela, ngokufuthi, kukho fakes. Noko ke, kukho iindlela ezininzi esiqinisekisiweyo ezikuvumela ukuba sahlule uhlobo yeplastiki ukusuka fake:

1. Ukunenzela wembiza Bakelite indlu Isicoci ngokuyimfuneko kukhokelela isenzeko patina wayo njengoko ibala elityheli.
2. Iziphumo amanzi bakelite ashushu ebangela ivumba abayinqobo kuye, isongo sifunda ephezulwana camphor.

Enyanisweni, yenza Bakelite mbumbulu ilula. Ukuba kukho iseti ethile chemical eziphathekayo kumalungu oosinga ingenziwa ekhaya. Amaxesha amaninzi, kuphela ngexesha uvavanyo kunye close-up, ukuhlolisisa oko kucaca ukuba izinto asiyoyenene.

zobuhlalu mveliso Bakelite

Yenza Bakelite iyingozi? Le miba banikwa neengcibi kakhulu amaninzi isigqibo ukuzibandakanya ekwenziweni izacholo. Ngexesha yimbonakalo umbandela, ukhuseleko lokusetyenziswa kwayo kuphakamisa eminye amathandabuzo. Okwangoku, nangona kunjalo, ukwakhiwa kweengongoma ezahlukileyo ze Bakelite abalwaziyo ityhefu, ngokumandla izinto eziyingozi. Yiyo loo nto namhlanje kusefashonini gqitha ukusebenzisa le isikhokelo imveliso izacholo.

Kukho kwabaneshologu nakoosiyazi asetyenziswa ukuvelisa izacholo bakelite iqokobhe kwizixhobo ubudala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kule ndlela imveliso, imihombiso umthengi walumkisa malunga nemvelaphi yayo.

Iindleko imveliso Bakelite

Ukuba sithethe malunga neendleko Bakelite nezacholo, ngoko oko kuxhomekeke kubunzima zemveliso zemveliso, ixabiso ukuqokelelwa nasegunyeni umenzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, bakelite izacholo emnyama, eluhlaza, imibala iris unako ukuthenga kwi elona xabiso lisezantsi.