Ibali "I Pit", A. I. Kuprin. Summary ( "Pit" phezu kweentloko)

Eli bali iminyaka emithandathu wabhala Alexander Kuprin. Isishwankathelo i "Pit 'inokuba kwengalunganga. Ngapha koko, nangona isifundo imtyibilizi, kulo msebenzi, ubunzima iinkcukacha ezihambayo, imizobo ezithandekayo kunye neenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo. Ndafumana nombhali wolu isihloko elide phambi kokuba uqale umsebenzi kunye neminyaka emibini ngokucwangcisiweyo bazindla. Ngokuxhomekeka yokuthengisa uthando ongazange yatyhilwa ababhali Russian ngokunzulu njengoko wenzayo Kuprin. Isishwankathelo i "Pit" liye iziganeko angumqondiso kunye ilenze isakhiwo sebali ezinkulu, kodwa emva kokuba sibone indlela bunyulu yaye njani uthando abantu ebhaliweyo eli bali.

ukwakheka

Tale iqulathe zizahlulo ezithathu ukungalingani. Okokuqala, apho umfundi uwazi kunye nabalinganiswa, iye izahluko ezilishumi. Kakade apha kucaca ukuba imeko olunye ngentonga akayi kuba apha, ngoko kukhonza ezahlukeneyo umxholo. Kuprin kaThixo "The Pit" - ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi wobugcisa, nangona yokubekwa journalistic: nokungabikho umlinganiswa ophambili, imizobo Ukuhambisana ekhethiweyo umaleko lweemeko zentlalo, neliso kwiinkcukacha ebonakala descriptiveness.

Isigaba sesibini enkulu, yaye loo nto akukho ngengozi. Ngowe elinesixhenxe izahluko nokukhulisa ngasonye, ukhangela indlela, eyincopho besprosveta nokupheka. Lichonin Platonov yaye siqhubeke ukuphika ngoonobangela ukusebenza zizibetho social ezinjengezo ngomzimba. Le bokuqonda ayelele kulo inkosi ukubhala Russian engenako ukutyhila kweli bali "umhadi" isishwankathelo. Luba beya, ngathi ihagu Guinea kwi amalinge onyango, ityala ngongoma: kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngayo-nkqubo ithi?

isiqulatho

Ngokusebenzisa isincoko esichazayo, kuyo yonke kubonakala kakhulu ukuba usebenzisa ezinye iziqephu ngalinye udlula ingqiqo yentanda lombhali. indoda encinane ngeke ububi kwezentlalo, ngenxa yokuba isiqephu kwihlabathi engapheliyo. Ngoko ke, wabiza wakhe umsebenzi Kuprin "I isihogo". Isishwankathelo sebali - nentlekele bayahlelwa abahlali dvuhrublovogo amaziko, nto leyo ekhokelele bayahlelwa kakhulu krakra kule ndawo - zonke Umfazi ezabo. Xa isahlulo sesithathu zonke izahluko ezisithoba, ngexesha apho isenzo na liyancipha, kodwa olukhula ngokukhawuleza, ukuze kwisahluko yokugqibela ichaphaza ekupheleni yonke intlekele.

Phambi kokuqala ibattery kweli bali Kuprin "emhadini," isishwankathelo izahluko, kufanele kuphawulwe unxibelelwano esibalisayo phakathi iintloko nezidibanisi. Enye yezinto eziphambili - Lichonin experiment umfundi Nabani. Umfundi kuya kufuneka ukugqiba kwakhe awakwenza luthando lokwenene nemfesane zamaKristu, okanye nje ukwazi wamtyhala indima le elingabalamli. Kuyo kwinxalenye yesibini ye sijongana inoveli kunye imbali ulwalamano, ukungavumeli ebusweni kunye nabanye abalinganiswa.

imilo

Eli bali Kuprin uye walungiselela iimpawu ezininzi amabali amafutshane, ingakumbi iinxalenye ezimbini zokugqibela ngokufaka iziqephu non-ngomxholo (mthengisi Horizon, imvumi kunye negqwetha Rovinskaya Ryazanov). iintlobo yendalo efanayo, nendlela kakhulu kwinkulungwane nje isiqingatha phambi kokubhalwa kweli bali Kuprin, apha onayo zonke iinkalo ixabiso eliphezulu wobugcisa, ingakumbi elungileyo kule nkalo, inxalenye yokuqala. Umbhali esingundoqo umfundi uhlala indlela nesihloko: Ukunyaniseka, diki. uvelwano olunzulu ukuba ibhaqa indawo igcisa kunye nabantu, owamvusa "ububi" ukuya phezulu, yinto eningenakukholwa yiyo, ukuba aba baye babonisa ngokwabo, yaye umbhali yena, ibali lakhe - Kuprin, "umhadi".

Isishwankathelo iimpendulo kuye, Kakade ke, zahluke kakhulu. Andiyithandi abantu ukuba ukujonga ngokwabo ukungathathi icala ngaphandle, yaye abo "hayi", oko kukuthi - abangaphandle abantu abadli lokumba kweemeko ezinjalo, bangafuni. Ewe, nakwimiba yezentlalo ukuba bayavuka kweli bali, kakade, buso. Noko ke, amandla zobugcisa ibhiyozelwa apha Kuprin kunye bichuetsya ukonakala loluntu, ze bacinge malunga inkqubo entsha yemfundo zemfundo, ukuphelisa ukungazi okhoyo. Apha kunye amaphupha revolution, kwaye amandla umlinganiswa Russian, kwaye umxholo yanaphakade Ukuqhela nezazi ebantwini - konke oku Kuprin. "I komgodi". Ushwankathe- kunqabile ukuba ubambelele kule yobukhulu.

imifanekiso

Amabanjwa zamaziko Anna Markovna kuhla amaphepha efana ophilileyo, ngoko zobugcisa eliqaqambileyo abo Lubonakala Kuprin. Apha igalari iintlobo ezahlukeneyo: a Manya omncinane onobulali, ozolileyo; ukuba nobungcathu kulo ungonwabi i Pasha; ezidinga uthando njengesela, Tamara; sokuvalwa kwincwadi elandelayo Eugene. Imifanekiso njengoko amahle, yaye static njalo. Zhenya and Luba nje umgca obandayo ekuphuhliseni mbaliso, kwaye abanye - le kumgxobhozo. Akukhathaliseki into Kuprin ayikwazanga bajije kwisiqwenga nganye. Nje, kwakungayi elungelelene inyaniso ebomini. yonke obomi aba bafazi - hayi kakhulu ngabantu, bahlala kwinqanaba nethuku. Ngenxa yoko igama umsebenzi wakhe Umbhali Kuprin - "Pit".

Isishwankathelo iintloko akayi kuvumela ngokwaneleyo ngaye nabanye abalinganiswa ezibonakala ezingephi, ezifana umnakekeli, Elsa Eduardovna, iziko iindwendwe Markovna Anna, umyeni wakhe podkabluchny UYese wagqithisa Savich. Kodwa Kuprin wabhala ezi imifanekiso baqiniseka wayekwazi ngokuchanekileyo. Kunye nentatheli Platonov, umlomo apho umbhali ngokwakhe uthi - oku kwakhona umfanekiso disclosure enzulu ophucukileyo. Le indlala ngokomoya oluntu kwaye ahlale emva ngasese, ukuba ukhethe ebalini "umhadi" isishwankathelo.

iziko

Anna Markovna iziko engenaye yayinqabile, kodwa hayi nowokugqibela apha ezityelelwe ngaphezulu amahlanu zeerandi ndinomkhosi, amasela kunye nezinye "inkampani yegolide". Noko ke, amasiko kunye nendlela yokuphila cishe yonke enye. Umahluko phakathi pay. Intshukumo iqala kuloo ekupheleni Anna Markovna waqokelela iindwendwe reporter Platonov oncedisayo uprofesa Yarchenko. Iindwendwe ukuqhubeka incoko niqale ndlela, nangona amantombazana Befikile ke bona ukuba alindele.

Platonov yindoda, kodwa akukho ibanjwa uyedwa umdla, inzala yakhe phantse zobungcali - ukuqonda ukuba ihlabathi amancinane ukuvaleka evela ngaphakathi. wonke umonakalo uluntu ibonwa nje musani ukoyika: yoohlohlesakhe yemihla ngemihla, yaye akukho wumbi. Apha ndawonye ukuchasana ezifana Ngobungcwele ulwaphulo-mthetho. Bouncer bakaSimon zonqulo ebaxiweyo oko imthintele ukuba ukubetha kunye namantombazana rob. Soderzhatelnitsa ekhaya - ingcuka yokugqibela kunye abangaphantsi zayo ungasebenzi, kodwa zingqondweni nca nentombi yakhe, kunye naye kuyo okuhle nesisa.

Zhenya

intombazana ibonakala. ukuba abathengi kunye nabahlobo kumsebenzi ukuba uthando nentlonelo - mhle, intlekisa, isibindi nezizimeleyo, kangangoko kunokwenzeka apha. Lo Jack. Uthi ukuba nexhala lokuba angacinga Pasha emphethweni, ngenxa yokuba sele engaphezu kweshumi abathengi badlula kuyo.

UJack uthi kamsinya nje Pasha yabamba baphele kunye Inkosikazi Ityhwatyhwa kwakhona ayithumele abamenyiweyo, ngokuba Pasha zifunwa (nkqu ukukhubazeka engqondweni wobulali eyahlula izigulane ngesondo ongalawulekiyo, umfazi kunjalo).

Lichonin

Platonov shell olunika Pasha ukuphumla. Abafundi baya amanani kunye manenekazi, kunye Lichonin (anarchist) kunye Platonov kuqhubeka ukuthetha into ineradicable ububi lwentlalo. Le yokugqibela ithetha okuninzi malunga amantombazana ekuhlaleni, kunye Lichonin uyavelana. Lo mntu amanyathelo. Ugqiba ukusindisa ubuncinane enye intombazana kude.

Platonov ethi njengoko qiniseka ukuba kungekudala intombazana iya kubuyela apha isilonda okukhulu izangoma. UJack uyavumelana kaPlato. Kodwa Lichonin na yadamba: wabuza Lyuba, enoba angathanda ukuba uphume apha naye fumanisa, umzekelo, igumbi lokutyela. Lichonin ohlawulela isigxina sakhe imihla ngosuku olulandelayo kufuna e Anna Markovna Lubin yokundwendwela engenza ikhadi elimthubi.

umthwalo

Lichonin umfundi akazange alindele ukuba imithwalo kumzabalazo wenkululeko yeli Luba malini kangangokuba. abahlobo bakhe, ke, wavuma ukuba aziqhelanise amantombazana: yena Lichonin waqala ukufundisa imbali yakhe, ngokwemimandla nangeendlela izibalo, ukuqhuba le yeqonga, imiboniso kunye izifundo, Nezheradze ufundisa umculo wakhe ukufunda umbongo Rustaveli Simanovskiy - physics, chemistry imbali nenkcubeko. Ezi ziphumo kakhulu uthobekile, nangona ixesha kunye nemali nokuhlala kude kakhulu. Ukongeza, Anna Markovna ngokoqobo fleeced Lichonin ngaphambi kokuba babuyele incwadi yakhe Lubin.

Abafundi ukuzama ukunyanga Luba ifana udade, kodwa yena akaqondi, wathi bangafuni, liyayeka ukuba azive ezinqwenelekayo, entle zobufazi. Yena isala onke amabango, kuba ebotshelelwe Lichonin, kodwa uthando lwakhe ikudika. Yena engasekho nokuphupha ukuba ukubamba umntu evela abahlobo ukuba nabani na ukuba isizathu sokuba ahambe. Isihlabo kukuba kunzima kuye. Ke, njengoko kuxelwe ngenx Platonov Zhenya, Luba ubuyela.

Rovinskaya

Rovinskaya imvumi edumileyo, ezintle abanamakhono umfazi nabahlobo, kuquka Baroness Tefting, Chaplinskiy kunye Rozanov, engekhoyo, abantu abatyelela iindawo eshushu mzi. Amaziko aliqela qhalo kuchazwe ngokucacileyo zibonisa ukuba Anna Markovna iziko - ". emhadini" nje kuphela

Isishwankathelo isimo yamahenyukazi kunye namabhinqa isiJamani: oonongogo musa nakubona ukuba baphile ubomi embi. Bona musa ukubona isono eklasini layo, njengokuba abathandi ngokusisigxina aba Russian ezimdaka ngazo kumaziko eselumelwaneni, abanayo, kodwa abahola yintoni, wayifaka ebhankini ukuze impilo engcono elizayo. Yinto nje umsebenzi kufuneka ezinjalo. Business, akukho lobuqu.

Amandla art

Anna Markovna akubanga ngaphandle scandal, kodwa imeko ufudumele, sinokuthi - ngokomoya. Ladies kuqala baxabana, kunye uTamara waqonda intetho Baroness French Bamphendula iziyelelane enyulu izindawo, ukuze, nithi, Ewe, siya wayesazi ngokwenene - eKharkov, apho naye ekungqungqeni intombazana, kanye mna, kodwa abazange i Baroness. Ngoko ke yena, ikamva Baroness waba nengoma omnye ab lyric ...

Kodwa uTamara - Semyon isela. Yena uyalithanda. Emva iintetho nomsindo Tamara Eugene, ukunxila meko Mani abancinane nto iqina. Le ladies kukushiya, kodwa bayahamba Rovinskaya ugqiba ukuba bacule ingoma. Uyazi kakuhle ngaphandle kokuthatha naliphi na kubaphulaphuli. Ke lowo ulawula. Yonke cwaka ndikholelwe bedidekile, kwaye uJack uwela ngamadolo akhe waza wamanga isandla osanda ngomsindo wabalahla. Enkulu amandla zobugcisa. Zhenya ezizibikayo, Rovinskaya iphakamisa kwaye uzama ukumphuza. UJack wahlebela into kuye, yaye Rovinskaya uthi nto, kufuneka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuphathwa, ube.

isidube-dube

UJack ivuma uTamara into wosulelwe negcushuwa, kodwa asibeke bonke, ngenxa yokuba ufuna yosulela ngaphezulu villains-enemilenze ezimbini. Ukuba athululele iziqalekiso lempabuko bakhe abathengi. Kwaye ngoko ukushiya izinto njengoko zinjalo, oko kukuthi, liphathwe uJack ayikho. Sayikhumbula loo mntu wathengisa umama wakhe xa eneminyaka elishumi. Zoe ukhumbula utitshala oye wathembisa ukuba akhuphe naye esikolweni ukuba abazange bathobele.

Kwaye emva koko wabuyela Luba. Kodwa asithandayo akafuni ukuba ayamnkele, ufunga kunye nokulwa. Jack ogxuphuleka umlo umhlobo wakhe. Ukususela igumbi elandelayo wabaleka ekhwaza namanye amantombazana endlwini iya isiba azifune ngetshova. Emva kwexesha iza bakaSimon kunye nabahlobo kunye iphembelela imeko ngokwasemzimbeni. Girl ekudambiseni.

yokuzisola

Umfazi wakhe iza yeCadet Gladyshev, kuphela kwakhe. Kodwa namhlanje yena Musa ukungxama ukuthuthuzela le nkwenkwe, uyavuma ukuba wayesifa, kwaye uthi omnye lingabi nanceba yena, ngenxa yokuba zonke oonongogo abakuthiyayo abaxhasi bazo yaye ungaze uvumele nabani ukuzisola. Uthi ndacela indlela kubantu nenkwenkwe ngonaphakade, yaye kusasa aye kwizibuko Platonov, ukuba alumkise ukuba bosulelekile abahlobo bakhe: kaRamses, wadubula ngokwakhe xa weva ngesi sifo eziintloni, kwaye wagxeka nje yena, ngenxa yokuba wathabatha umfazi ngaphandle uthando, kunye Sabashnikov .

UJack uyaguquka, akabi ufuna ukosulela ngakumbi kwezi ento zobubi, kuba bayaqonda ukuba abantu, ngamnye kunye iintsizi zabo iingxaki. Platonov akakwazi nibakhuthaze ntombazana. Kwathi ngomhla wesithathu Zhenyu kwafunyanwa wamxhoma. Zonke atshintshele kuvuthondaba: eyona ukugqobhoza mzuzu zebali yaba episode zisola Eugene. Ezo azithiye inoveli yakhe Kuprin isishwankathelo. "Indlu" njengoko ehlala ezinjalo, yonke into ukuhla. Izindlu wathenga Anna Markovna iziko, kwaye ngoku akakwazi ukwenza nantoni na kwimeko iziganeko lusithobe isidima nje kuphela ziko, lisibekele notoriety yakhe.

Tamara nabanye

Le ntombazana wacelwa ukuba abe yinkosikazi omtsha oncedisayo, kunye nemeko zokwaliwa endlwini umhlobo Semyon intliziyo yakhe. Tamara alunguze Rezanova kunye Rovinskaya ukunceda bangcwabe Eugene kwi-Orthodox rite, nangona ukuba uzibulele. Emva Eugene uyafa Pasha, ngubani waqalisa umsebenzi onzima dementia lokugqibela. Her ukuqasha upheno, apho wafela phantse ngoko nangoko. Tamara naye akulula kangako. Iyaluphumelela intembeko izivumelwano kwaye ixutywa ipilisi zokulala kungena othululwayo. Ke uyavuma ukuba kwigumbi boyfriend dear Senechka ovula ekhuselekileyo. Semyon wabanjwa emva konyaka yaye unika amapolisa uTamara.

Kuyinto ngqiqweni kufa UVera: nesithandwa sakhe, mkhosi, nokutyiwa uzibophelele likaNondyebo kwaye ugqiba ukuba adubule ngokwakhe. Ukholo ukulungele ukwabelana Isiphelo sakhe. Befaka izicelo ndlelantle ebomini emthendelekweni kakuhle ezintle kwaphela, kwaye ngoko ke indoda yamlala ngamandla Ukholo ngokwakhe - hayi, yena akakwazi. Kumlo uyafa Mania Little. Kwaye kuza isiphelo esipheleleyo kwiziko xa kuza limele amajoni uncedo ababelwa amabini - ikhulu. Ngoko indaba yakhe Kuprin. Isishwankathelo i "Pit" nalo kakhulu umdla, nangona, Kakade ke, musa ukuba iinkcukacha ezaneleyo umbhali onesiphiwo wathathwa.