Roman Goncharova "eweni": Isishwankathelo kunye nembali

Roman Goncharova "Broken" - lo isahlulo sesithathu kunye yokugqibela trilogy odumileyo, nayo leyo iquka ethi "Ibali Ordinary" yaye "Oblomov". Kulo msebenzi, umbhali waqhubeka polemic yakhe iimbono Socialist-gqira. Umbhali bakhathazeka ku navela ka kwabanye abantu bayakhohlwa yetyala, uthando, ukuba ashiye intsapho yakhe aye kumasipala ngekamva eliqaqambileyo lonke uluntu. amabali ezinjalo 1860s kwenzeka rhoqo. Roman Goncharov "kumemeza" malunga nihilists breakage amaqhina zooyise, nto leyo xa kungekho tyala kufanele kukhunjulwe. Malunga imbali kunye nesishwankathelo lo msebenzi eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

design

Roman Goncharova "eweni" wadalwa phantse mabini. Ingcamango le ncwadi ivela ngumbhali 1849, xa waphinda watyelela lokuzalwa kwakhe Simbirsk. Kweza iinkumbulo ebuntwaneni Ivan Alexandrovich zibuye. Wayefuna ukwenza umfanekiso imisebenzi emitsha alithandayo iVolga nenkangeleko. Ngaloo ndlela kwaqalisa imbali kwendalo. "Vula" Goncharova, elingumthombo, iye awukaphunyezwa okwangoku ephepheni. Ngowe-1862, Ivanu Aleksandrovichu wafumana ithuba bahlangane enqanaweni kunye nomntu umdla. Yaba artist - indalo engumlawuli kwaye bandise. Yena lula ukutshintsha izicwangciso ebomini, soloko wahlala ibanjwa ngqondweni yakhe yokudala. Kodwa oku akuzange kumthintele ukuba angene intlungu nabanye abantu kunye nokunceda ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Emva kwale ntlanganiso, Goncharov waba necebo ukudala inoveli malunga umzobi, uhlobo lomsebenzi wakhe entsonkothileyo. Ngoko ke, ngokuthe ngcembe phezu kweendonga entle iVolga, kwavela ibali imisebenzi odumileyo.

ncwadi

Goncharov ixesha umba ixesha abafundi kugqalwe yenoveli engagqitywanga. Ngowe-1860, kwi "Contemporary" Isiqwenga imveliso yapapashwa phantsi kwesihloko "Sofia Nikolaevna Belovodova". Konyaka kamva "Amanqaku iLizwe loobawo" wabonakala izahluko ezibini ngaphezulu ukusuka Romana Goncharova "Open" - "Portrait" yaye "Makhulu". Final umsebenzi uhlaziyo zobugcisa unenzondelelo eFransi ngo-1868. Inguqulelo epheleleyo ye-kwinoveli yashicilelwa olandelayo 1869 kweli phephancwadi "Herald of Europe". ushicilelo Yahlula umsebenzi yapapashwa kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Goncharov udla ngokuba "Open" umntwana oluthandayo ngqondweni wakhe, waza wamnika indawo ekhethekileyo imisebenzi yakhe boncwadi.

Umfanekiso Paradise

Roman Goncharova "eweni" luqala inkcazo umlinganiswa ophambili kulo msebenzi. Le Rayskiy Boris Pavlovich - umnumzana kwintsapho yeengcungcu esisityebi. Uhlala e St. Petersburg, ngoxa ulawulo lwengxowa Berezhkova Tatiana Markovna (isihlobo). Lo mfana izidanga kwi-University, wazama isandla sakhe emkhosini kunye nenkonzo karhulumente, kodwa yonke ndadibana ukudana. Ekuqaleni le Romana Goncharova "Vula" Paradise kancinane phezu amathathu. Nangona yobudala endilisekileyo, "akuba lingahlwayelwa nto, musa kunyikima." Boris Pavlovich uphila ubomi ikhululekile, ngaphandle kokwenza nayiphi na imisebenzi. Noko ke, ngemvelo abanalo "yintlantsi kaThixo." Uye italente ebalaseleyo wegcisa. Paradise nxamnye icebiso izalamane bagqiba azinikele kubugcisa. Kodwa ukonqena banal kuthintela kuye self-actualization. Ekubeni uhlobo live, eselula bayathatheka, Boris Pavlovich ufuna phemba iinkanuko ezinzulu ngeenxa zonke kuye. Umzekelo, ufuna ukuba 'sivuke ubomi "umzala wakhe ezikude, abafazi abahle Nozipho Belovodovoy. Lo msebenzi, yena ucinga lonke ixesha lokuphola lakhe eSt Petersburg.

Sophia Belovodova

Le ntombazana - isimntwiso eqingqiweyo ababhinqileyo. Nangona yokuba kuye kwenzeka ukuba utshatile, yena akazi ubomi. Umfazi wakhulela ipomakazi lendlu eqaqambileyo, ubungangamsha bayo marble embhoxo emangcwabeni. imfundo yehlabathi edamini kuyo "nethuku esobukhomokazi iimvakalelo." Kuyabanda, intle yaye sizithobe ikamva lakhe - ukugcina up ukubonakala, kwaye uyakuzifumana alandelayo iqela endilisekileyo. Phemba angathabatheki kulo mfazi - iphupha ethandwa eParadesi. Wabhala umzobo kuye, ekhokelela iincoko zakhe ezinde ngobomi kunye noncwadi. Noko ke, Nozipho kuhlala ebandayo kunye kuko. Lo mzobo umfanekiso bobuso yempembelelo sokukhanya umphefumlo usisiqhwala Ivan Goncharov. "Vula" ibonisa ukuba buhlungu, xa wemvelo 'ngobulukhuni bentliziyo "kwamadini kwindibano eyamkelekileyo. Paradise iinzame zobugcisa avuselele mfanekiso nezemarmore, ongeze kuyo i "umntu okucinga" akaphumeleli kakubi.

yephondo Russia

Kwinxalenye yokuqala yenoveli wazisa umfundi kunye nezenzo ezahlukeneyo Goncharov ndawo. "Broken", isishwankathelo ichazwa kweli nqaku usizobela umfanekiso Russia yephondo. Xa Boris Pavlovich uza yokuhluzana yakhe kwilali ekhefini, adibana khona umzala wakhe - Tatiana Markovna, nto ngesizathu esithile, ekuthiwa ugogo. Enyanisweni, yinto ephilayo umfazi omhle kakhulu kwiminyaka mahlanu. It ugcina yonke imicimbi welifa kwaye ukhulisa amantombazana neenkedama ezimbini: Ukholo Marfenku. Apha umfundi ehlangabezana yokuqala ingcamango "ukuvula" Ngokwengcamango ngokoqobo. Ngokutsho legend wengingqi, emazantsi welifa ekufuphi kumwonyo enkulu kanye indoda onomona unkosikazi wakhe nembangi, waza wambulala yena. Ukuzibulala ukuba wangcwatywa kwi ndawo. Wonke umntu esoyika ukuba batyelele le ndawo.

Ukuya kwi Robin kwakhona, Eden Boyika ukuba akukho "intle qha uhlala, kukhula abantu 'kwaye akukho ukuhanjiswa ingcamango. Nokubi. Kwaba eRashiya wephondo, ufumana zamanyangaza neminqweno bali.

Life nothando

imfundiso njengefashoni kwiingxabano 1960 nihilists "Vula" Goncharova. Uhlalutyo imveliso ibonisa ukuba nkqu isakhiwo yenoveli ukulanda le mpikiswano. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba, ukususela kwinqanaba yoku ngamaSoshiyali, ihlabathi lilawulwa lomzabalazo eklasini. Polina Karpova imifanekiso, Marina Ulyany Kozlovoy umbhali ubonisa ukuba ubomi enambuzelayo uthando. Akusoloko ekhuselekileyo nefanelekileyo. Savely indoda lalisa owayo uthandana kunyeliswa Marina. A Leonty kakhulu kwaye zichanekile Kozlov crazy malunga semizi umfazi wakhe engenanto. Teacher Paradise oludale ubhengeza ukuba yonke into eyimfuneko ukuze bomi bukuye iincwadi. Nokubi. Ubulumko kwakhona sivela isizukulwana omdala kwencinane. Yaye khangela ngayo - ukuba uqonde ukuba ihlabathi inzima kakhulu ngaphezu kubonakala xa efika kuqala. Le njongo lonke kwiParadesi inoveli: umlingo awuqhelekanga kubomi abantu abasondeleyo kuye.

Marfenka

abalinganiswa ababini ezahlukeneyo kakhulu umfundi Goncharov. "Broken", isishwankathelo apho ubuncinane kunika uluvo lokuba kwinoveli, kodwa aninako namava kubunzulu epheleleyo imveliso ngokupheleleyo, kuqala esazisa ukuba Marfenkoy. Le ntombazana elula njengabantwana. Kubonakala ukuba Boris Pavlovich ephothiweyo ukusuka 'umbala, ukukhanya, ubushushu umbala yasentwasahlobo. " Marfenka uyabathanda abantwana kwaye ngentumekelelo kakhulu ulungiselela ukuba uvuyo ngumama. Mhlawumbi circle yakhe kuyinto icuthene, kodwa hayi ivaliwe njenge "canary" Nozipho Belovodovoy ihlabathi. Uyazi kakhulu oko umkhuluwa Boris ekhoyo: lukhule njani rye kunye oats, njengoko ufuna iinkuni ukwakha ngengca. Ekugqibeleni, Eden uyaqonda ukuba "ukuphuhlisa" le indalo eyonwabileyo ngobulumko engenanjongo, yaye ukhohlakele. Oku kuthintela umakhulu wakhe.

ukholo

UVera - uhlobo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo indalo ababhinqileyo. Yinto intombazana ezineendaba ngcembe, umnqwazi, zimisele, bemfuna. Goncharov ulungiselela ngenyameko imbonakalo Heroine. Okokuqala, Boris Pavlovich uva ncomo kuphela ngayo. Bonke ukubonisa ukholo njengoko abagqithiseleyo kubo abantu, yena uhlala yedwa kwindlu ishiywe, akoyiki ukuba behle baye kumwonyo "ezoyikekayo". Kwanenkangeleko yakhe uyayigubungela iqhina. Ayinayo imigca Classic nakubungqongqo "izibane lokulayita" Sophia, kuyadumaza abantwana Marfenki umoya amathayara, kodwa kukho imfihlakalo, "nevyskazyvayuschayasya ngoko nangoko charm." Eden izama ukungena amalungelo relative umphefumlo Ukholo badibana uxhathiso. "Kwakhona Ubuhle unelungelo ukuhlonipha kunye nenkululeko", - utshilo.

Nogogo Russia

Xa isahlulo sesithathu umsebenzi kumfanekiso umakhulu wam libhekisela zonke ingqalelo kumfundi Goncharov Ivan Aleksandrovich. "Eweni" Tatiana sisondela Markovna njengoko iinkolelo labapostile umgcini iziseko yoluntu omdala. She - ikhonkco ibalulekileyo nokusetyenziswa ezizinzululwazi kwinoveli. Umbhali makhulu iboniswe imperious, womelele, inxalenye elondoloza yaseRashiya. iziphene zayo okufana abantu isizukulwana sakhe. Ukuba ukuzilahla, umfundi inikwa "onothando nonobubele 'umfazi Ngovuyo nokulawula ngobulumko" ubukumkani omncinane "- yokuhluzana lali. Kulapha Goncharov ubona lwalo kwiparadesi esemhlabeni. Ilifa akukho namnye ehleli ngeenxa zonke, yaye wonk 'ubani ufumana ntoni idinga. Noko ke, ukuba ukuhlawula akhawunti yabo yonke impazamo. Loo nxi, umzekelo, nilindele Savely, ngubani Tatiana Markovna igqiba ukutshata Marina. Impindezelo iyafika kunye amaxesha Ukholo.

ehlekisayo ke episode apho uninakhulu lokulumkisa abafundi babo nokungalaleli abazali, ufumana inoveli preachy kunye ulungiselela lakheke iseshoni yokufunda kuwo onke amakhaya. Emva koko, nokuba akayithobeli Marfenka ubonisa Ngokuzithandela yaye wachaza kunye fan elide Vikentiev. Isaziso Tatiana Markovna kamva ukuba into ukusuka apho walumkisa ulutsha, ukuba ngalo mzuzu egadini wenza. Noninakhulu self-amanqam, yaye iyamhleka iindlela zakhe angenzi zemfundo, "Asingabo bonke ukusetyenziswa kubo, la masiko ubudala!"

fans ukholo

Kuyo yonke le ncwadi, Boris Pavlovich bahlanganisane rhoqo kwaye ibattery suitcase yakho. Kwaye ngalo lonke ixesha ukwazi kunye wazazisa wayeka naye. Ufuna ukusombulula imfihlelo Wokholo. Ngubani na ukuzikhethela yakhe? Ukuba kusenokuba admirer yakhe elide, Tushin Ivan Ivanovich. Yena umntu impumelelo amaplanga zabarhwebi, ushishino, personifying yi Goncharov "omtsha" Russia. Xa kwilifa lakhe Wakha Isle zokukhulisa kunye nezikolo zabantwana zesiqhelo, wamisa ixesha elifutshane, njalo-njalo. Phakathi báthi Ivan ngokwakhe umsebenzi kuqala. Ukubaluleka eli nani ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye baqonde iParadesi.

Nakuba kunjalo, njengoko lo umfundi ufunda ukusuka isahlulo sesithathu inoveli, Ukholo ekhethiweyo mpostile uba yokuziphatha ezabo Mark Volohov. Kule dolophu ngaye bathi izinto ezimbi; engena indlu ngefestile kuphela, zange uhlawula amatyala kunye ukuya kuzingela intloko izinja zamapolisa. Imisebenzi engcono kwiimeko ubuntu bakhe - ukuzimela, ikratshi kunye nokunamathelana ukuba nabahlobo. iimbono yazala kubonakala Goncharov ingahimbiselani neengxaki zobomi Russian. Umbhali kudala e Volokhova ukuhlekisa izithethe zamandulo, ukuziphatha inkanuko nokushumayela of neentlobano zesini simahla.

Konstantinov, phezu koko, otsaleleke kakhulu lo mntu. Xa zababini zabalinganiswa wazilanda into eqhelekileyo. Idealist kunye ezibonakalayo kude ngokulinganayo abakuso, kuphela iParadesi utsho ngokwawo phezu kwayo, kunye Volohov uzama ukuya phantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka 'asezantsi ". Usa ngokwakhe kwaye wakhe uthando umdla ezingayingozi zendalo, ubukho isilwanyana. Xa sama kaMarko ine bestial. Goncharov "eweni" ibonisa ukuba Volohov ukhumbuza kuye ingcuka hina.

Ukuwa Wokholo

Lo mzuzu luvuthondaba inxalenye yesine, kwaye inoveli xa iyonke. Apha, i "vula" ufuzisela isono, ezantsi, esihogweni. Faith Okokuqala uyabuza ukuba iParadesi Makangabulawelwa endlwini ebisenyobeni, ukuba uva edubuleyo ukusuka apho. Kodwa ke iqala ukuba ukubetha ezandleni zakhe, waza wathembisa ukuba olu dliwano-ndlebe kunye Mark iya kuba ngabokugqibela kuye, uya kusinda, abaleke. Waye andixoki. Isigqibo ukuhamba - ichanekile ngokupheleleyo kwaye oyinyaniso, abo uthando akayi kuba nakamva; kodwa ashiye, Ukholo amathuba kwaye ihlala Volokhov. Potters eboniswa into ebengekamazi inoveli engqongqo kwenkulungwane ye-19 - ukuwa Heroine intanda yakhe.

amaqhawe ukukhanyiselwa

Xa isahlulo sesihlanu, umbhali ubonisa ekunyukeni Ukholo "ikhefu" lo, amaxabiso amatsha yazala. Ngokwenza njalo, kuyanceda Tatiana Markovna. Yena uyaqonda ukuba isono umzukulwana akanako kuphela inguquko. Kwaye iqala ", ekundwendweni makhulu kunye umthwalo inkathazo." Hayi nje ukholo waba nexhala. Woyika kunye nolonwabo kunye noxolo umzukulwana Robins shiya ubomi nentlalo-ntle. Bonke abathathi yenoveli, amangqina kwiziganeko kucanda ngokwentlambululo ukubandezeleka umlilo. Ekugqibeleni Tatiana Markovna waqonda umzukulwana wakhe ukuba ulutsha wenza isono kwaye baguquke kuThixo. Ukholelwa ukuba ngoku Ukholo kufuneka abe "Ugogo", ukulawula robins nikela ebantwini. Tuszyn, bebingelela zabo ukuzithemba, kukuba aye kudibana Volokhov kwaye emxelela ukuba akabi wafuna ukumbona. Uphawu uqala ukuqaphela ubunzulu iziphoso zakhe. Wabuyela emkhosini ukuze ke idluliselwe eCaucasus. Paradise wagqiba kwelokuba azinikele ukuze imikrolo. Uyaziva ngamandla igcisa enkulu yaye ucinga ukuba baphuhlise izakhono zabo. Ukholo uqala ukubuyisa nokuqonda inyaniso yexabiso iimvakalelo ezifunyanwa ngulo Tuszyn wakhe. Ngalinye kwinoveli kwi lokugqibela ibali ufumana ithuba ukutshintsha ikamva labo kwaye uqale ubomi obutsha.

A umfanekiso kunjalo iimbono kunye nezithethe yeengcungcu Russian kwinkulungwane ye-19, zipeyintwe kwinoveli "eweni" Goncharov. Izimvo nabagxeki zoncwadi kubonisa ukuba umbhali udale wobugcisa lokwenyaniso iprozi Russian olusengqiqweni. Reflections on kufushane kunye ongunaphakade ezifanelekileyo namhlanje. Wonke umntu kufuneka ufunde eli inoveli kwi original. Konwabele ukufunda!