Zakhe ezinde kakhulu esihle Russia (iifoto)

Castle - nenqaba kaNdikhoyo feudal. Igama elithi "ukuvala" yaye "feudal" ngakumbi zifaneleke Western Europe. ERashiya, ukuba ityumbe kubo efanelekileyo elithi "yesicelo" yaye "umnikazi". Nkqu abanini ezinkulu Russian kungekho lock. Ngaba amazwe.

Kwilizwe lethu, kukho izinto malunga 100 kuwa phantsi kwenkcazo 'nqaba "," incwadi "," Fort "," inqaba ". Yaye kanye kwindawo yokuqala? Ngenxa emva zonke enqabeni - akukho ncam yokubonisela, yaye ngokuqinisekileyo hayi yesicelo.

Lock ayikho kuphela West

iinqaba aphakathi Russian ise entshonalanga kweli lizwe. Ngoku ke zokwakha kunye zesikhumbuzo zembali, ngokuba yakhiwa kumaXesha Aphakathi. Kodwa ngenkulungwane XIX kwakukho abathile izakhiwo indlela kumabhotwe yaseYurophu lenqaba aphakathi eRashiya. Kwaye, ondele kubo, ufumanisa ukuba lo nguye inqaba, njengoko kuchaziwe iintsomi, kuba ulwakhiwo inkosazana waphila. Kwaye ngoko Kulusizi ukuba phantse bonke bephela bashiya ngoku.

inqaba Swedish

Ifudusiwe iinqaba yamandulo Russian ingeniswe iperile efana Vyborg Castle, lalo inani elincinane ezikhumbuzo zembali, ugcinwe phantse ngokupheleleyo. Akhiwe iLeningrad kummandla injongosenzi umzekelo omhle yaseYurophu lwezakhiwo zomkhosi ephakathi Western. Kuye kwakhiwa ixesha elide - ukususela 1293 ukuya kunyaka 1894. Thina bakhulisa kwi-balwa, akuba engene yenkolo wesithathu Karelia, njengehlakani Novgorod Enkulu. Karels ngokupheleleyo ekonakaleni enqatyisiweyo, ngaphambili kwi Castle Island, i balwa endiyimisileyo apha woxande olude, Ebubanzini bodonga apho yafikelela kangangeemitha ezi-2, nenqaba ayafika, wafika neemitha ezine.

Not kungenakugqithwa kangaka

Kangangeenkulungwane, enqabeni enamandla iye ngokutsha izihlandlo eziliqela, waya esomelela, lwaba inqaba soyiswe. Noko ke, uPetros I ngowe-1710 emva kokuba nyanga zili-2 wayithabatha loo nqaba. Kuye labuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo, waza wamisa ikampu Russian apho. Emva kokuba umlilo onamandla kunene, owenzeka ngo ngo1856, enqabeni ubunzima, kodwa ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX kwakhona ngokupheleleyo ngokungqinelana lichaza emveli, wayibuyisela. Ngexesha Second World War zange abalimele nqaba. Ngoku zindlu imyuziyam eponymous.

Ejele kunye iinqaba zonakalise knight

Uluhlu "Locks of Russia" aqhubeke i qembu ngakumbi kwaye uphila Butyrsky enqabeni yawo. Noko ke, le nto inqaba entolongweni. ekuqaleni Kuye lwakhiwe ngu yomthetho uCatherine II njenge entolongweni. umbhali yale projekthi ibalelwa kwizigidi ezi wezakhiwo odumileyo Matvei Kazakov. Ezine iinqaba ngeenxa ingabekwa iimbombo nqaba. Xa iziko kwakukho indlu yatshatyalaliswa kwiBolsheviks. Ngoku Butyrka isetyenziselwa injongo eyenzelwe yona, lelona ziko likhulu uvalelo eMoscow.

Uluhlu "iinqaba Russian Endala" iquka Insterburg, ibekwe kummandla Kaliningrad. Le nenqaba elimiswe Master eDietrich von Altenburg ngo-1336. Le nqaba kabuhlungu zonakala ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Kodwa kukho ithemba lokuba ziya kubuyiselwa, kodwa umsebenzi wokulungisa ihamba ngokucotha okukhulu. Le into yaziwa lemidlalo zonyaka knightly.

Pearl aselunxwemeni lolwandle Black

Zakhe ezinde kakhulu esihle Russia angamelwa "Nest ukuginya kaThixo." Nangona ukusuka kwindawo yezembali lwembono, esi sakhiwo sitsha, lihle kangaka, yothando njalo embhoxo iinqaba yamandulo yaseYurophu ukuba ngoyaba oko nje akunakwenzeka. Ku yakhiwa ngumzobi Leonidom Shervudom, uyise waba yimbangi le projekthi ye-Historical Museum ngomhla Red Square. Kwakhona Sam Museum Historical uyasikhumbuza Tower Castle, kunye Old ngexesha elifanayo. Wakha i "Nest iginya kaThixo" ngowe-1911, aphoswe lwakhe lweenkobe Germany Baron von Steinheil. ERashiya, yena inxaxheba kuphuhliso yeoli Baku. Pearl aselunxwemeni lolwandle Black kubekwe phezu eliweni Aurora, kwintaba ephakame yeemitha-40 ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, kufuphi kwilali Gaspra eCape Ai-Todor.

Castle Northern Capital

ESt Michael okanye yenjineli, nqaba e St. Petersburg, ukuba eyona intle, lo lesikhumbuzo inkulu izakhiwo, nto leyo ikwagqibezela ibali sesakhiwo eyinkunzi Northern kwinkulungwane XVIII. Ndathi Paul I. Le nqaba amanzi aba isihlalo wokufa kwakhe. Umbhali kweprojekthi - Vincenzo Brenna, iminyaka zokwakha - 1797-1801. Oku kubizwa sakhiwo kufuneka kwitempile Mihaila Arhangela (umxhasi zeNdlu Romanov), owayesebenza kwibhotwe asebukhosini. Castle kwakhona wamxelela ukuba abize ngokwakhe noPawulos, kuba wonke umntu uthetha malunga eYurophu, nangaphandle, wathabatha iNkosi Grand Order of isihloko saseMalta, nayo abunokwanezisa ukuhlala kwi-Pomakazi okanye amabhotwe.

indawo ivala Kaliningrad

amagama athile bafanelwe Izitshixo Russia, ibekwe kwi ummandla kummandla Kaliningrad. Abaninzi kubo ezikwimeko engafanelekanga. Ngaphandle Insterburg ekhankanywe ngasentla, apha kukho siyakhuselwa kuphela Tower leTeutonic lock, ebhekiselele kulwakhiwo XIII kwinkulungwane (kwilali iholide). Castle Wald (Village Lower), owasekwa ngo-1264, yenye iinqaba ezigcinwe ezintathu kummandla Kaliningrad.

Ezayo mabini - Georgenburg kufuphi Chernyakhovsk kunye Tapiau enqabeni ukuba i Guards. Bonke bephela, yasekwa Knights Order leTeutonic. Tapiau emva Second World War liphenduke entolongweni, yaye kuphela ngo-2013, amabanjwa transferred out, kwaye enqabeni kudluliselwa kubaphathi-dolophu ukubuyisela. Kukho kule ngingqi kwaye ngokuyinxenye watshabalalisa (imihla reference okokuqala emva 1257) endala nqaba Shaak.

Ethetha kummandla eKaliningrad, asinako ngoyaba inkwenkwezi-4 Castle Ihotele Nesselbeck, ngezinto zakudala isitayile. Yile ndoda yinzwana kwidolophana Orlovka. Ukusungulwa ngokutsho kwimizobo ubudala, lixhotyiswe yonke into eyimfuneko ukuze abahambi kakhulu ukuqonda.

ivala eMoscow

Russia iinqaba entle apho kwaye kude ukuya ngasempuma kumda wasentshona. Kakade ke, ngaphakathi becala kwinkulungwane XIX, baye asekwe phantsi kwempembelelo kwezakhiwo lwaseYurophu, lalichukumisekile moneybags Russian, owayenqwenela ukuba ekhaya intwana eYurophu. Kwaba kwi namadlelo, kukho amafa emininzi indlela iinqaba Gothic okanye amabhotwe. Kodwa ke mabaqaphele ukuba izibonelelo Russian asisininzi ziyancipha.

ubuhle ukhohliwe

Ashiya ivala Russian, ukugcina imizila ubuhle bakhe bangaphambili kunye nobukhulu, kutheni na ukuba abuyiselwe. Kanganani baya kubuyiselwa, kubonakala ukusuka Podushkino kwilifa. Baroness Castle Mayendorf, isitayile isakhiwo aphakathi knightly kuyindawo ngasese, yaye kuphela ibandla luvulelekile ukuba utyelelo. Le nqaba yinto entle kakhulu, kodwa yinto umnyinyiva. Waba nethamsanqa kuba nguye kummandla Barvikha kunye nabemi bendawo ziya ndone amehlo akho amanxuwa. Ezishiywe lock Russian (photo esiqhotyoshelweyo), ezifana Muromtsevo sendawo, ephakathi noVladimir kunye Moore, ingcamango kunye Vasilyevskaya Manor, zakuba izakhiwo kakhulu elihle, akukho ndlela ngaphantsi AMAGQABAZA ▸ Western wawakhotha ukuba lusizi. A ibandla enemigangatho emibini, ibekwe Akukude Bykovo moya - ayikho Princess Castle? Le ubuqambi yayanyaniswa Bazhenov omkhulu.

Ngethemba, le izinto ezizodwa musa shwaka ebusweni bomhlaba.