Degree kunye IP yeklasi nokhuseleko. Protection IP

Umba kwidatha ibaluleke kakhulu ehlabathini namhlanje, apho zingakotshwa idluliselwe ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo. Oku kufuneka kuthintela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo iindlela ezahlukeneyo zombini hardware ne-software. Kodwa indlela ukugweba impumelelo yabo? Ungaqiniseka njani ukuthetha yokhuseleko data? ingqikelelo iklasi ukhuseleko «IP" Ingakumbi kule livele.

Protection lingenwe

Inguqulelo ngokoqobo yekota - "ukhuseleko". Kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokuhlela umgangatho ingqibelelo wombane ebiyelweyo, kunye nezinye izixhobo. Njengoko uvavanyo lukhangelwe yi ukukhusela ngokuchasene kwii-izinto eziqinileyo, nothuli kunye namanzi. Xa Russian Federation olu vavanyo enze ngokungqinelana GOST 14254-96. Le ngokuhlelwa khuselo kusetyenziswa xa ufuna ukukhangela ukuqinisekisa inviolability amacandelwana eziyingozi ngoomatshini kunye ubomi. Ngenxa yoko usinika imfuneko zokumelana izinto ezifana nothuli kunye namanzi. Ubungakanani ukhuseleko isibane (IP) kuyafana njengakwi izixhobo aphantsi nengxabano enkulu.

uphawu

Ukuze ubonise indlela kwinqanaba eliphezulu yokhuseleko inganika le iqokobhe, sebenzisa oonobumba ababini (IP) kunye amanani amabini. Owokuqala uthetha okunqanda izinto eziqinileyo, kwaye eyesibini - ubukho imiqobo ekungeneni kwamanzi. Indawo ephephile yazo amaqokobhe ukuba iphawulwe njengo ІR68. Olu phawu lubonisa ukuba isixhobo uthuli-ubungqina, nto leyo nayo uyakwazi ukumelana exposure elide phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu ukuba amanzi. ukhuselo IP kuyinto inani ezongezelelweyo emva kwenye incwadi. Ngenxa yobunzima kunye awohluke inkqubo yokumakisha, makhe sixubushe ngokweenkcukacha.

Le yokuqala

Le yokuqala osetyenziswa ukubonisa iqondo yokhuseleko IP, nto leyo inikwa iqokobhe, ezintweni ezifana:

1. Oku kuthintela abantu ukufikelela kwiindawo ezinobungozi, kokulinganisela ukungena umzimba okanye into leyo wezandla zabantu kunokwenzeka.
2. Ikhusela imixholo yangaphakathi ukusuka umonakalo nezinto zangaphandle nzima.

Ngoko ke, ukuba umvo yokuqala - ngu zero, oko kuthetha ukuba iqokobhe ayiboneleli ukhuseleko ngenxa amatyala zikhankanywe ngasentla. Olu udidi protection IP uthi eneneni akunjalo. Le yunithi kusetyenziswa ukubonisa ukuba ndifake nesandla sakho ngaphakathi iqokobhe iya kuba nzima, 2 - ayiyi kudlula nkqu umnwe, 3 - swi nga pfuna kunye nezixhobo, 4, 5, iiklasi 6 kuthetha ukuba nokuba akuyi ukufumana ufikelelo kunye ucingo. Kodwa le ukufikelela umxholo, nendlela ekujonganeni neentsongelo bangaphandle? Ngoko ke, ukuba iqokobhe iqulethe 1, 2, 3 okanye 4 ke uya kuba nako ukufumana kuphela izinto eziye ngokulandelelana ububanzi of angekho ngaphezulu kwe-50, 12.5, 2.5 no-1 nawethu. Ukuba kukho inani 5, esi siqinisekiso kwenxenye no-6 - olupheleleyo ukhuselo uthuli. Le neqondo lokhuselo ebiyelweyo IP ezinokuba yimfuneko ukulungiselela izixhobo, ayikhangeleki nokuba abasebenzi. Kodwa nangona ukuvuza ngathi, akuqinisekisi ukuba ukhuseleko efanayo ziya kubonelelwa kwaye malunga inyathelo umonakalo amanzi. Ngoko ke, njengokuba njengenxalenye yokuhlelwa, kukho amanani amabini.

Umvo yesibini

Oku kubonisa umgangatho wokhuseleko izixhobo IP kwimiphumo eyonakalisayo amanzi. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho a zero, okanye andikwazi ukuthetha malunga naluphi na ukhuseleko. "Unit" kuthetha ukuba isixhobo biyela amanzi amathontsi ewayo nkqo ukusuka ngentla. "Deuce" iya kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko Uqhoqhozo ulwelo ukusuka phezulu, ukuba iqokobhe uyaguqa kwi-engile degrees 15. "BamaZwe" kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwakho ngenxa imvula kakade. "Abacula" uya kukhusela izixhobo ukusuka ukutshiza oluqhubekayo. "Five" baya kuba nako ukukhusela imixholo iqokobhe nxamnye Jets amanzi. "Six" sele kusikhusela kwicala olomeleleyo kwemali. "Zisixhenxe" unika ukhuseleko phantsi mfutshane ukuntywiliselwa kweqokobhe emanzini. "Abasibhozo" kuthetha ukuba ukhuselo liqinisekisiwe nokuba ephole sendinjengongasekhoyo engamanzi. Kodwa ke kukho inani eliphezulu yesibini ongatshoyo nto malunga iqokobhe ikhuselekile yaye uyakwazi ukukhusela imixholo yazo ngothuli okanye penetrations ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, oko kuyilwa njenge inwebu apho ukufuma angawi. Kodwa ukuba nithabathe iyileyo indoda ucingo ... Kodwa elo lelinye ibali, kwaye zihlale kulo ngeke.

iincwadi ezongezelelweyo

Yaye kuthekani ngabo amaxabiso eziza emva amanani? iincwadi ezongezelelweyo zisetyenziselwa ukubonisa umgangatho wokhuseleko kwiimeko apho ukhuseleko lokwenene ingaphezulu amanani kuboniswe. Ngoko ke, esebenzisa imiqondiso efana:

1. Kwaye - akunakwenzeka ukuba zingene ngesandla.
2. B - abayi kungena ngomnwe.
3. C - awukwazi ukungena sixhobo.
4. D - ukuba angene nokuba ucingo.
5. N - ekhuselweyo izixhobo zombane high-ombane ngexesha lomsebenzi kufuneka zihambelane ngokuqaphela okukhulu.
6. S / M - ukuba ukuqinisekiswa kovavanyo yokumelana isixhobo amanzi isebenza / ezingaqhutywa ngokulandelelanayo.
7. W - azikhusele kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu (ngaphandle okunzulu, kufana nenkanyamba, kunye like).

Le peculiarity yale kokwalathelwa kukuba leta ngalinye singafakwa kuphela ukuba iqokobhe nayo yonke engaphambili. Ngoko ke ukuba IP umgangatho wokhuseleko kwandisa kuphela alfabhethi.

ukwandiswa standard

Xa sithatha ibhanile Union European Din 40050-9, ngoko kukho elandisiweyo kwinqanaba IP69K. It yenzelwe-iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu washer eliphezulu-ingcinezelo. Ngenxa yoko, zikunikeza kuphela ukhuseleko ngokuchasene uthuli, kodwa unako ukumelana uxinzelelo eliphezulu lamanzi. Ekuqaleni, lo mgangatho lwenzelwe koomatshini ekufuneka zicocwe rhoqo (ngabenzi eziphathekayo, izkulahla iilori, njl), kodwa ngoku sele ufumene isicelo kwamanye amashishini. Ngoko ke, IP69K udidi ukhuselo lisetyenziswa ukutya yemichiza mveliso kwicandelo lezoqoqosho kuqoqosho.

isiphelo

Ukushwankathela, sinokuthi ukhetho best - kunye zinga liphezulu, ngenxa esithi ukuba unalo iklasi iphezulu ukhuseleko IP. Kodwa apha kukho ingxaki ebalulekileyo: eliphezulu oko kukuthi, iqokobhe kuza kubiza kakhulu. Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba ukhethe phakathi ixabiso nomgangatho. Kwaye ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuba udidi ukhuseleko IP eyakhethwayo phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Oko kukuthi, phambi kokuba uthenge kufuneka bahlole iqondo kogrogriso kwaye ukhethe i ulusu ngokutsho kwakhe. Nangona, Kakade ke, xa sukuba nithanda, kwaye ayikwazi ukuba ekumnikeni ithuba kwaye khetha eqolo IP udidi ukhuselo.