War Civil e Russia

War Civil eRashiya - yinto uthotho ngeziganeko umzabalazo wezigalo phakathi kwamaqela awohlukeneyo uluvo ezopolitiko nezinye. Oku kwenzeka kwixesha elinzima ixesha eli lizwe.

I-Russian Civil War of 1918 ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• nemiphumela ihlazo uxolo ezahlukeneyo kunye eJamani;
• ukukhula uxinzeleko zentlalo kweli lizwe emva kokuba iiBolsheviks weza amandla;
• sokuchitha yeNdibano neqela, nto leyo eye yakhokelela kwawa a ezizezinye kunokwenzeka wedemokhrasi;
• ukunganeliseki ne-nkqubo yezoqoqosho urhulumente omtsha - ezizezi, i iiBolsheviks, emaphandleni kunye nezolimo, eqala nge entwasahlobo eziphela ehlotyeni ka-1918;
• ungenelelo olunzulu kwimicimbi kweli lizwe.

I-Russian Civil War kwenzeka kwixesha of War Communism - kodwa umgaqo-nkqubo iiBolsheviks kweli lizwe. iimpawu zayo eziphambili zezi zilandelayo: Ukucelwa, ezaba ityala War Civil, ukuba imizi mveliso, ilizwe ukuvalwa irente, ngenkani yabasebenzi, lodwa okuziinkozo. Ngenxa yoko - sinengxaki enamandla yezentlalo kunye noqoqosho, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni isiganeko esinjalo njengoko Russian Civil War.

Yintoni intshukumo eyayikho eRashiya ngexesha imfazwe? Okokuqala, iminquba ezimbini ezichaseneyo eziphambili: i "white" kunye "red".

"Movement White" kwasekwa ekwindla ka-1917 kwi-emazantsi eli lizwe. zakhe iinjengele kunye neenkokeli zomkhosi nangoku monarchist Russian "intshukumo oluBomvu." - kodwa ke iiBolsheviks. Lunkwantyo kunye nobundlobongela kufuneka lizuze isininzi sabantu. Okwesibini, kukho i "intshukumo green", abameli bayo abalimi ngexesha leMfazwe Civil.

I-Russian Civil War 1918-1920, kukho maxesha lweziganeko, leyo yahlulwe ngezigaba 5.

Isigaba 1 luphawulwa nokudalwa Red Army, ukuzama kwi uLenin kaThixo, waphula iJamani ngayo Brest yoxolo, lokufakwa Cossacks of Orenburg, ukuqaliswa ngokozwi ukutya kunye isibhengezo emkhosini jikelele emkhosini. Kwakhona ngexesha lokuqala sigaba imfazwe yamakhaya ukuba yamkelwe kwiBolsheviks, abo phantsi yonke ngasemva orhwaqelisayo.

Isigaba 2 yayinzima ngakwicala nkqubo yangaphakathi: nokudalwa ukusebenza Defense Council, ukuqaliswa surplus yabasebenzi jikelele.

Kungquzulwano ngezixhobo, inyathelo eyintloko idluliselwe kwi-South kweli lizwe, kwaye ngeli xesha ngokubhukuqwa Kolchak inika ulawulo waba ngumlawuli omkhulu Russia.

Isigaba sesithathu ngokuchonga lohlaselo ye-Red Army kunye ngokoyiswa imikhosi ephambili kotshaba ngasemva iqala kugaya uluntu kunye nokufunyanwa identity yesizwe.

Isigaba 4 uqala imfazwe eSoviet-Polish, kwaye iphela nge ngokoyiswa yomkhosi Wrangel kaThixo. Kwinqanaba yesihlanu, igunya yiSoviet yasekwa kulo lonke Russia, Central Asia kunye East Far.

I-Russian War Civil iphela kunye uloyiso Olubomvu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba yamaBolshevik loyiso, i-Red Terror. Kamva, idala eSoviet Union, eli lizwe liza kungena kwisigaba entsha yophuhliso lwayo.