Ngubani uGuy Fox kwaye kutheni iBritish ibhiyozela imini yakhe?

Unyaka ngamnye ngomhla we-4 kaNovemba wezokhenketho lwangaphandle kwi-UK baba ngababufakazi bokuzibonela ngesenzo esingavamile. Amakhulu kunye namawaka amakhwenkwe ahamba ngomnyango ukuya emnyango aze acele iingxowa-mali "ukukhanya kumntu ozukileyo uGuy Fawkes." Abantu abadala banikela ngokuzithandela ipennies. Ngomso olandelayo, iBrithani yonke ibonakala iphosa: yonke indawo ikhona imililo, apho i-scarecrow iyatshisa, imikhosi yabantu kunye neengoma. Yiyiphi iShrovetide ekupheleni kwekwindla? Yaye ngubani uGood Fox? Ngaba le holide ikhangeleka njengoSt. Martin's Day, egujwa kumazwe aseKatolika kamva, ngoNovemba 13? Emva koko abantwana bahamba ngendlu ngendlu, becula, kwaye banikwe iilekese. Okanye mhlawumbi le holide isondele kwiHalloween (Oktobha 31)? Masifunde lo mbuzo.

Ngubani u Guy Fox?

Kulokuqala, igama lakhe nguGuy Fawkes, ungumthonyama waseYork. Wayeyindoda ehloniphekileyo, umKatolika ngokukholwa. Imbali ayifuni ukuyigcina igama lakhe, ukuba kwakungenako ukukwazi ukuphatha iziqhuma. Kwaye ukuba ukumkani waseNgilani naseSkotland, uYakobi I, wenyuka esihlalweni sobukhosi, wayengekho inkohlakalo kakhulu "kumaphephandaba." Ukunyanzelwa kwezenkolo zakhe, wenza njalo ukuba amaKatolika amaninzi amphendukela. Kungatsholwa ukuba wayephantse ephazamise imfazwe. Ngokumelene nookumkani, kunye nenkxaso esebenzayo yentloko ye-Jesusit order , iqulunqwe iqhinga, elaza labizwa ngokuba yiPowder. Abathathi-nxaxheba bayo babamba ukukhupha isakhiwo apho iNdlu yeNkosi yayikho. Ukuhlaselwa kwamagorha kwagqitywa ukuba kuhambelane nomhla kaNovemba 5, 1605, xa intetho yeNkosi yokumkani yayiza kuvezwa, ngokokuba onke amalungu eendlu ezimbini zepalamente, kunye nabameli begunya eliphezulu lasemthethweni kwelizwe, bafa kunye naye. I-fox yayingeyona intloko okanye umphefumlo weqhinga. Wayelele nje ukuba akhanyise i-wick ye-powder projectile eyenzelwe ukutshabalalisa isakhiwo.

Ukungaphumeleli kwabacebisi

Iqela labavukeli lalingabantu abalishumi elinesithathu. Oku kuninzi ukukhusela ulwazi lokuvuza. Kodwa inceba yabulala abacebisi. Omnye ovela ngaphantsi komhlaba wathumela incwadi engachazwanga kwiNkosi ethi Montigl, owayengumKatolika, isilumkiso sokuba akayi kuya kumthendeleko. Wabonisa ileta kuChansela. Olu hlobo lokugqibela lunikela kwi-King James I. Okwangoku, intloko yesalathisi isetyenzisiweyo isakhiwo esingaphantsi komda weNdlu yeNkosi. Apho, phantsi komhlaba kwazisa imirhumo engamashumi amathathu nesithandathu yombhobho - inkokhelo engenakho kuphela ukutshabalalisa isakhiwo esikhulu kwihlabathi, kodwa ukukhankanya iifestile ezigcobileyo ukusuka kwisiqingatha-miyela saseWestminster Abbey. Ngelixa abaququzeleli bebehamba kwiNgingqi yaseWarwickshire, apho bekucetywe khona ukuqalisa ukugxeka kwinkunzi enkulu emva kobuqhophololo, uGuy Fox wahlala esangweni elinde "Ihora X". Kulapho, indoda eneminyaka engama-35 ibanjwe ngobusuku boNovemba 5, 1605. Kwaye kwinyanga yonke ihlabathi lifunda ukuba ngubani uGuy Fox.

Uloyiso "lobulungisa"

Ukumkani ngokwakhe ugunyazisile ukusetyenziswa kokuhlushwa kwintolongo ebanjwe. Ngenxa yeentsuku ezininzi zokubandezeleka, inhlanhla yanikezela amagama eengxube zakhe: uRobert Keatsby, uTomber Winter, uThomas Percy, uJohn Wright, uRobert Case noFrancis Thresham. Bonke babanjwe. Ngomhla kaJanuwari 27, 1606, inkundla ebonakalisiweyo yenzeke, apho abagwenxa bagwetywa khona. Okokuqala kwakufuneka baxhonywe, kodwa kungekhona ukufa, ukusika intambo ngexesha. Emva koko zagqitywa ukuba zenze i-oskopit (yinqumle isisu, ukwenzela ukuba abaqeqeshiweyo baphumele ngaphandle), kwaye kuphela emva kwekota. Ngomhla kaJanuwari 31, kwenziwa oko kwenziwa. Kodwa apha, naye, umdlali wegebhra wancinci wenza ilizwe lonke lixoxe ngo-Guy Fox. Nangona ukuba imilenze yakhe yaphulwa ngothuthuko, wagijima kwi-scaffold ngentambo entanyeni yakhe. Ngoko waphula intamo yakhe, ngaloo ndlela wagwema "isohlwayo esihle".

Njengoko kugujwa usuku lukaGuy Fawkes

Ngozuko lokusindiswa ngokumangalisayo kwenkosi, abalawuli bamaBrithani baseBrithani babhiyozela isi siganeko sonyaka. Ukudanisa nokuvuyela kwakunqunywe ngumthetho okhethekileyo, owawubizwa ngoNovemba 5 "usuku oluvuyisayo lokubulela usindiso." Lo myalelo usebenza iminyaka engama-350, de kube ngu-1859. Kodwa nangona emva kokupheliswa kwayo, abaseBrithani abazange baphumle. Oku kwaba yinto. Ngaphezu koko, umthendeleko ugujwa kwiinkoloni ezininzi zangaphambili zoBukumkani baseBrithani: eMzantsi Afrika, eNew Zealand, eOstreliya, eCanada. Isikhumbuzo sokuthi "Usindiso lwaKhe ubukhulu" sandulelwe ngobusuku bukaGuy Fawkes. Emva koko amaBrithani atshisa i-bonfire, "ebulala" i-effigy yomqambi. Emva koko badla ukutya kwendabuko yeli holide: iifatata ezifihliweyo kunye namasikeji aqholiweyo, imilenze enyongwe yenzaka kunye ne-kroti kunye nesaladi yekhabishi. I-dessert yamukelwa ukuba isebenzise i-apula-toffee.

Umfanekiso kaGuy Fawkes kwintlalo eyaziwayo

Ngomtsalane wokuthandwa, igama loomqambi ongenakuphumelela waba likhaya. Ekuqaleni bambiza idonki yakhe, etshiswa ngeveki yeholide, ngoko yonke into efanelekileyo, ke-yindoda egqoke ngokungakhathali. Ekugqibeleni, kwintetho yaseMelika exoxisana nayo yabuyela kwi-Old World igama elithi "guy", elichaza nantoni na. Ihlabathi lanamhlanje liphinde laguqulela ibali kunye noGuy Fawkes. Iqhinga leminyaka emakhulu mane edlulileyo ludlalwa kwiidyarki, iifilimu, iincwadi. Ngombulelo wencwadana engumfanekiso u-Alan Moore, ogama lakhe elithi "V - lithetha i-vendetta", kwaye ke ifilimu yegama elinye, ibonakala imaski kaGuy Fawkes. Ukungaziwa ngamagama angaqhelekanga, ukulwa nolawulo lolwaphulo-mthetho, lwafumana udumo. Umaski wakhe wamukelwa ngabaqhankqalazi banamhlanje, abaya kwiintlanganiso kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwizenzo "Thatha iWall Street."