Ngaba ama-Ossetians amaSulumane okanye amaKristu? Inkolo yama-Ossetians

Esinye sezizwana ezihlala eNyakatho Caucasus kuthiwa yi-Ossetians. Iinezithethe ezizityebi nezizodwa. Iminyaka emininzi inzululwazi inomdla kumbuzo othi: "Ngaba ngaba amaSulumane amaSulumane okanye amaKristu?" Ukuze unike impendulo kuyo, kubalulekile ukuba uqhelane nembali yentuthuko yenkolo yale ethnos.

Ama-Ossetians kumaxesha amandulo

Kwimizuzu emide ubuhlanga be-Ossetiya babela amagama ahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, bazibiza ngokuthi "I-Iron Adam", kunye nelizwe abahlala kuyo - "Iriston". AmaGeorgiya abiza ngokuthi "i-oats", kwaye ilizwe, ngokulandelana, "Ovseti".

Ukususela kwiminyaka yokuqala yeminyaka eyi-AD abantu babehlala eNyakatho Caucasus, ebukumkanini baseAlanian. Emva kwexesha, i-Ossetians yayicinezeleke kakhulu ngamaMongol kunye namaqela aseTamerlan, emva koko indlela yabo yobomi yayitshintshile kakhulu. Ngaphantsi kweempembelelo zaseGeorgia, baqala ukuguqula ubomi babo, kunye nabo, kunye nolwazi lokuvuma. Abantu kunzima ukuhlala phantsi kweemeko ezintsha kwaye kufuneka bahlale kwiintaba ezinzima.

Abantu ababukele ubomi be-Ossetians abavela ngaphandle, babenomdla kubo, kuba ilizwe labo livaliwe kwaye lingenakwenzeka kwihlabathi langaphandle ngenxa yeentaba ezigutyungelwe yimvula nekhephu, kwaye ngenxa yokuba khona kwamatye kunye nemilambo engapheliyo. Ngenxa yokusingqongileyo, ukuveliswa kwe-Ossetia kuphantsi: ngaphandle kweetyuwa ezifana ne-oats, ingqolowa nebhali, akukho nto iya kuzalelwa khona.

Ama-Ossetians, enqulo lawo ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ayebhekwa njengamaKristu, namhlanje kuphela kuthathwa njengolu hlobo ngenxa yokugcinwa kweLente Elikhulu, ukuhlonela imifanekiso, ukholo lwababingeleli kunye neecawa. Akunanto into eyenzayo nobuKristu. Ngaphambili, i-Ossets yahlonipha uninzi oothixo bemvelo kwaye yajonga ukufana phakathi kobuKristu kunye nabangcwele kwi-Islam. Ngokuqhelekileyo babedelela imibingelelo yabangcwele abangamaKristu, njengoNikolai uSinner, uGeorge onqobayo, uMichael uMichael nabanye.

Ukuvela kobuKristu e-Ossetia

Abase-Ossetians baba njani ngamaKristu? Le nkolo yafika kubo evela eGeorgia kwii-XI-XIII zeenkulungwane-le ngcaciso esemthethweni, kodwa abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba abantu bajwayelene nale nkolo ngaphambili. Kwaye wangena ebomini babo ngokuthe ngcembe.

Nangona inkulungwane ye-IV, iSouth Ossetians yamkela ubuKristu ukusuka entshona yeGeorgia. Kodwa ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa kokholo emva kokuhamba kukaLazik kubaPersi, imfundiso yonqulo ayizange isasaze phambili. Kwakhona, ubuKristu bubonakalisa ngexesha lephulo likaJustinian ukuya e-Ossetia naseKabarda. Kwenzeka kakade kwikhulu le-VI. Ngemisebenzi kaJustinian njengomthunywa wevangeli, amabandla aqala ukwakhiwa, kwaye iibhishophu zavela eGrisi. Kungenxa yeli xesha i-Ossetians ijwayele kwizinto zobuKristu kunye neenkcubeko. Kodwa kakade kwikhulu le-VII amaphulo aboyisa-amaArabhu aqala, aphinde amisa ukukhula kobuKristu.

Kwiminyaka emininzi ubomi benkolo e-Ossetia behlala bengaqiniseki. Kwakhona kwakunamaKristu ase-Ossetian, kunye nalabo babambelela kwi-Islamic faith. Zomabini amagatsha waba ngumthonyama.

Isifundo sokholo lwama-Ossetians

Kwiminyaka emininzi laba bantu (ase-Ossetians) banamathela kokubili kobuKristu kunye namaSilamsi. Nangona ulwahlulo lweenkolelo, iintlanganiso zahlanganiswa ndawonye. Ukongezelela, babexhamene neenkolelo zasendulo. Namhlanje, iNorth Ossetia ineendawo ezingamahlelo ezili-16. Abaphandi bahlala bebeka iliso kubemi belizwe kunye nenkolo yabo, ingqalelo yabo ifakwe kwisimo kunye nesilinganiso semfundiso yabantu.

Cwangcisa ngeenkolelo zensimbi yase-Ossetian emva kokuxhaswa kwe-Ossetia ukuya eRashiya. Babengummeli weCawa yaseOrthodox yaseRussia eyaqala ukujonga indlela abase-Ossetians, abanokholo lwabo olungaqinisekiyo, abahlala kuyo, kwaye ziziphi iinkcubeko ezikhethiweyo. Kwaye okokuqala izifundo zaqala ngexesha lomsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli kwintsimi yale ntaba.

Ukuchaneka kokholo lwama-Ossetians

Siyabulela kwinkqubo yemveli yenkolo kwiinkulungwane ezininzi, umbono wabantu uphuhlisiwe, owawuhluke kakhulu kwiintembeko zodwa. Ukholo lwabo luvulekile kwaye luyakwazi ukwamukela iingcamango ezintsha kunye nembono yezinye iinkolo. Ubuninzi benkonzo yama-Ossetian yindlela yokunyamezela kwesi sizwe kubomi bobuKristu nama-Islam. Lawa angama-Ossetians. AmaSulumane okanye amaKristu azungeze-kubo azinandaba. Naphezu kokholo lokuba iintsapho kunye nabahlobo bathabatha, aba bantu baphatha ngokulinganayo, kuba ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, ubuKristu nobuSilamsi babekho ebomini babantu.

Ukubonakaliswa kobuKristu e-Ossetia

Imvelaphi yembonakalo yama-Islam kwintsimi ye-Alanya ayizange ifundwe kunye nokuza kobuKristu. Kukho ukungafani phakathi kwenzululwazi. Imbali yabase-Ossetians ithi ukholo lwabantwana baka-Allah lwaqala ukusasazeka kula mazwe ngekhulu le-7, kunye nezinye izinto zithi i-Islam "yaba yodwa" phakathi kwama-Ossetians kuphela kwiXVIII inkulungwane. Nangona kunjalo, kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukuphumelela kwenzeka emva kokuba i-Ossetia ijoyine iRashiya. Iifom zezenkolo zatshintshwe ngokugqithisileyo kwaye ziguqulelwe kwimithetho emitsha. Icawa yamaOthodoki yaqala ukubuyisela ubuKristu phakathi kwama-Ossetians, nangona kwakungekho lula kubavangeli basemazweni ukuba bafezekise umphumo oyifunayo.

Abase-Ossetiya baphatha ubhaptizo njengesenzo esifanelekileyo sokujoyina abantu baseRussia, kwaye babengenakunomdla kwiimfundiso zobuKristu kwaye, ngokwemvelo, abahambelani nemikhuba. Kuthatha iminyaka emininzi kuba-Ossetians ukuba bafunde ukholo lukaKristu baze bajoyine ubomi becawa. Ukudalwa kwezikolo zamaKristu, apho imfundo yesizwe yayenzeka khona, yayinceda kakhulu kule nto.

UbuKristu kunye namaSilamsi baqala ukukhula ngokufanayo emva kokungena kwe-Ossetia ukuya eRashiya. Kwezinye iindawo zelizwe, i-Islam yayisasazeka, kwimeko enkulu ibhekiselele kwimimandla yasentshona nakuma empuma. Lapho, abantu bayamkela njengenkolo kuphela.

Impembelelo yaseRashiya kwinkolo yama-Ossetians

Sekuqaleni kwiMfazwe yoLuntu, iCawa yase-Russian Orthodox yavakaliswa njengengqungquthela yokuphikisa. Ngokukhawuleza, kwakukho iimpendulo ezijoliswe kubarhulumente. Zayolula iminyaka emininzi, iicawa kunye namatempile zaqala ukutshabalaliswa. I-dilacese yaseVladikavkaz sele sele iyanqotshwa kwiminyaka yokuqala eyi-20 yamandla aseSoviet. Ama-Ossetians, amaKristu okanye amaSulumane, babengenalo ukholo olulodwa. Kwaye sele sele ku-32-37 ukutshatyalaliswa okwesibini kwenzeka, ngoko ubuKristu kunye nokholo lwamaSilamsi lwahlupheka. Kwakule minyaka e-Ossetia, kwakukho umzila omkhulu kunye nokuvalwa kwamabandla. Ngokomzekelo, eVladikavkaz, kuma-cathedrals angama-30, kuphela amabini aseleyo, asebenzayo namhlanje.

Kwii-30s, iimikhosi ezazisemimandla yeNorth Ossetia zatshatyalaliswa. Abafundisi abalungileyo beentlanga ezahlukeneyo batshutshiswa.

Imibutho yenkolo yaqala ukuba khona kumaxesha aseSoviet kakhulu, kodwa ukholo lobuOthodoki lwaluhlala lendabuko kwaye luninzi lwabantu base-Ossetians bomthonyama. Ngama-90 kuphela amaSulumane aqala ukuvuselela e-Ossetia, uluntu lwaqala ukubhalisa, imikhosi yabuyiselwa. Kuze kube namhlanje, iziphumo zokuhlaselwa kwangaphambili kunye nokuhlaselwa zivakalelwa. Abaprofeti abanalo uqeqesho olukhethekileyo loqeqesho, uncwadi, oluyimfuneko kunqulo, alukho. Oku kuyachaphazela umsebenzi wamaSilamsi. Kuye kwenziwa iinzame zokumema abantu abatsha abaye bafumana imfundo eYiputa nase-Saudi Arabia, kodwa baye bafumana imiphumo emibi, njengokuba kunye nabo eCaucasus baqala ukungaqhelekanga kwaye bengavumelekanga kubantu beemfundiso zesalafiyya.

Ossetia ya namhlanje

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwenkolo, iifom ezintsha zaqala ukubonakala, ezikude kakhulu nezithethe. Inkcubeko yama-Ossetians iphinda itshintshe. Ngaphantsi kobuchule bokubuyisela inkolo yesi-Ossetian yesizwe, kukho iinzame zokudala iindlela ezintsha ezokuba yinto ehlukile kwi-Islam nakwabuKristu. Zichazwe njengengewona umhedeni. Abantu abathathu abanjalo babhaliswe kwiRiphabhliki yase-Ossetia. Bazama ukudala intlangano yelizwe.

Namhlanje, i-Ossetia iye yaba yinkalo encinci nensimi engama-4000 square meters. Km kunye nabantu abancinci. Emva kwemfazwe ka-Agasti ne-Georgia, ama-Ossetians aqala ukuhlala ukhuseleko. Abantu baseGeorgia bawashiya, kodwa ngelo xesha abantu babesengozini. Imida yaseMzantsi Ossetia neGeorgia ilawulwa ngokungqongqo kwiziphathimandla zaseRashiya. I-Russia ngokukhethekileyo yakha ulawulo lweMida yeSouth Ossetia. Emva kwemfazwe neGeorgia, ilizwe lihamba ngokukhawuleza, kwaye i-capital yayo, iThkhinval, yayisandul 'ukuqaliswa ngokutsha ngokwenene.

Amapentekoste kunye noluntu lwase-Ossetia

Iimeko kunye nenkolo iyingqayizivele. Kuphela yesikhungu saseTskhinvali esaphila emva kokungakholelwa kuThixo kwixesha lamaSoviet, kwaye liyaqhubeka nanamhlanje, nangona kunjalo, yaguqulwa kwiziko lenkcubeko yamaYuda. Namhlanje amaYuda aqala ukushiya i-Ossetia aze abuyele kwaSirayeli, ngoko isinagoge laqala ukusebenza kumaPentecostal ase-Ossetian. Kodwa ngoku kuphela inxalenye yesakhiwo esasemva esenzayo, njengoko amaYuda ayekunqula ngaphambili. Kukho ezinye iintandathu zePentekosti kulo lonke elaseOssetia.

Abameli abaninzi be-Ossetian intelligentsia bayamkela ukholo lwabo, kwaye iinkonzo zikaThixo zenziwa ngokulula kwiRashiya nakwiilwimi zendawo. Nangona amaPentekosti awabhaliswanga ngokusemthethweni namhlanje, akhululekile ukuphuhlisa kwaye asebenza kwishishini lawo. Eli langoku lithatha indawo eqinileyo kwisakhiwo sentlalo yebandla elihlangeneyo lamaKristu enokholo lweVangeli.

Ossetians namhlanje

Inxalenye enkulu yama-Ossetiya isenyanisweni kwienkolelo zendabuko. Iidolophane ezahlukeneyo zeRiphablikhi zinendawo yazo engcwele kunye neengqungquthela. Okwangoku, i-Ossetia ibuyiselwa kwaye ivuselelwe. Ngenxa yeemeko zentlalo nezopolitiko ezinganelisekiyo, abaninzi abemi bashiya ilizwe, kunye nabo bahlala, bahlala kwimvuzo omncinci. Kunzima abantu ukuba bakhe okanye bathenge ukutya okufunekayo, njengoko iinkonzo zaseRussia ziqhubeka ukusebenza ngendlela efanayo nangaphambi kwemfazwe neGeorgia. Inkcubeko yabase-Ossetians ayiyikukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, ngokunje ayinalo ithuba lokufumana imfundo entle kwaye ifeze into ebomini. Kwaye oku kungona kunjalo ukuba i-Ossetia inotye kwizinyithi ezingenabumba, zinemithi ephawulekayo, imboni yempuphu ivuselela. Urhulumente angaqala ukuhlakulela kwaye abe ngowolunye unamhlanje, kodwa oku kuya kufuna umzamo omkhulu kunye noorhulumente omtsha.

Inkolo yama-Ossetian namhlanje

Imbali yabantu iyinkimbinkimbi, kunjalo umbuzo kunye nenkolo. Ngoobani ama-Ossetians - amaSulumane okanye amaKristu? Ukuthi kunzima kakhulu. I-Ossetia yaseNyakatho yahlala ivaliwe kuphando, kwaye encinci iyaziwa malunga nayo. Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba malunga nama-20% wabemi ngasenyakatho ngabantwana baka-Allah abathembekileyo. Ininzi le nkolo yaqala ukunyuka emva kokuwa kwe-USSR, abaninzi abaselula baseNorth Ossetia baqalisa ukuqhuba iIslam ngokukodwa ngendlela ye-Wahhabism. Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba abefundisi bafuna ukugcina imisebenzi yonqulo yamaSulumane, kwaye yona ngokwayo ilawulwa ngokuqinileyo yi-FSB, nangona ilandelekile.

Inkolo nobuzwe

I-Ossetia yaseMzantsi Afrika ibe yindawo yokuhlala kubantu abahlukahlukeneyo - i-Ossetians neGeorgians, amaRashiya namaArmenian, kunye namaYuda. Abantu basekuhlaleni bashiya ilizwe ngamanani amaninzi ngenxa yokungqubana kwama-90 kwaye baqala ukuhlala kwintsimi yaseRashiya. Oku kuninzi iNorse Ossetia-Alania. Abantu baseGeorgiya, nabo, bahamba baya ekhaya. Ukholo lwaseOthodoki, nangona zonke izinto ezithintekayo, zaqala ukunqoba phakathi kwama-Ossetians.

Ubudlelwane phakathi kwenkcubeko nenkolo

Inkcubeko yama-Ossetians iyaqhubeka iguqukela, kodwa abantu bazama ukunamathela kwizithethe zamandulo baze bafundise izizukulwana ezitsha zokukhula. Kwi-Ossetians ayinandaba naluphi uhlobo lwenqulo abanalo kunye neentsapho kunye nabamelwane. Into ephambili yimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo kunye nokuqonda, kunye noThixo omnye kubo bonke. Ngaloo nto, akunandaba ukuba ngubani oomse-Ossetians - amaSulumane okanye amaKristu. Ukuphuhliswa ngokomoya nangokwengqondo kwiimyuziyam yolondolozo lweembali kunye neemahala, amathala eencwadi kunye namaziko emfundo avulekileyo. Urhulumente usebenza rhoqo ekukhuliseni uqoqosho kunye nezinye iindawo.