UJoseph Smith ungumsekeli wehlelo lamaMormoni. Biography

Kwimbali yaseMelika, uyaziwa njengengcamango enkulu yenkolo yonqulo yamaMormon. Nangona kunjalo, kubahlali abaninzi, uJoseph Smith wayengumdlali oqhelekileyo kunye nomprofeti wobuxoki, kuba akukho ziprofeto zakhe. Okuphawulekayo kukuba le "Mesiya", owayetshatile kwabasetyhini abangama-72 kwaye akazange afumane kwangoko indlela yakhe ebomini. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uYoseph Smith waqala ukukhokela enye yezona ziqhema ezinkulu zonqulo ngenxa yokuba nangona esemncinci ebusheni baseUnited States, inkolelo enkulu yenkolo yayisasazeka. Kwintsapho yakhe, kwimeko yokujonga, bonke babengamaKristu, kodwa akukho nhlobo yezihlobo zomshumayeli wamanga wexesha elizayo wayekholelwa ukuba inkolo ethile inyaniso. Ngokwemvelo, abazange baye kwiinkonzo zecawa.

Ngako-ke, yintoni enye indoda eqhelekileyo esuka kwintsapho ehluphekileyo ibe ngumxhasi okhuselekileyo wenhlangano kaMormon? Makhe siqwalasele lo mbandela ngokubanzi.

Iminyaka yobuntwana

Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-biography kaJoseph Smith ayikho into enomdla kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo. Wazalelwa ngo-1805 kwimeko yaseVermont (USA). Uyise wayengumculi olula, ngoko intsapho yayiphila kakuhle. Njengokuba sele kugxininiswe, ubuntwaneni bukaYosefu ngexesha lokuba ukunyamezela kwanyuka eMelika ngenxa yeendlela zokunqula, okwakuninzi inkulungwane ye-19 leminyaka. Umama wexesha elizayo ngumshumayeli wayengumntu onenkolelo-mfundiso, kwaye inomdla wakhe kwi-mysticism yavusa unyana wakhe. Enye indlela okanye enye, kodwa eneminyaka eyi-14, uJoseph Smith omncinane wabona umbono apho amanye amabutho amxelela ukuba uya kuba "ngumthunywa wevangeli omkhulu."

Ufuna umnotho

Kungekudala le nsizwa yathi inamakhono akhethekileyo: kuthiwa ngoncedo lwama-crystal crystals, unokufumana ubuncwane bangene phantsi komhlaba. Wayekholelwa ngokukodwa kwi-Jupiter's talisman.

Nangona kunjalo, akafumani naluphi na ubuncwane, kwaye uluntu lukhawuleze ukuba lichaze ukuba ukunyaniseka kwezesayensi zobuqhetseba kuyichaphazela kakubi isimo sakhe sengqondo kunye nokucinga okucokisekileyo, ukwenzela ukuba ngokukhawuleza ulahlekelwe amandla okubona okoqobo. Emva kokungaphumeleli kokubomi, umesiya wamasasa waqalisa indlela yokulwa nobugebengu, ethatha imali engalunganga, njengowakhe igama likaGeorge Smith, owayehlala ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 neye-20 kunye nokuthengisa ngokubulala, ukukhwabanisa nokweba. Kodwa insizwa evela eVermont emva kwexesha elithile lacima indlela yobugebengu, igxile ngokupheleleyo kwingcamango yomsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli. Kodwa iBrithon George Joseph Smith, owabulala bonke abafazi bakhe, wagqiba kakhulu - wagwetywa ngokufa. Kodwa i-Mormon ideologist nayo yayineengxaki ngomthetho.

Omnye umboniso ...

Ngomhla we-1823 ngomthandazo webusuku uYoseph Smith waphinda wadibanisa namanye amabutho. Wayebonakala ebona ukukhanya okwakusakhula, kwaye ngokukhawuleza intombazana yavela kumxholo (uMoroni) kwisambatho esimhlophe, imilenze yakhe yaqothuka emhlabathini ... Watshela uYosefu ukuba ufanele afeze umyalelo kaThixo.

Umfokazi watshela uSmith nge "Golden Book", ebonisa yonke imbali yaseUnited States, kwaye iqulethe iimbonakaliso ezibalulekileyo zenkolo. Iminyaka emine kuphela emva koko i-Mormon ideologist yabona le ncwadi.

Ngowe-1827, ekugqibeleni kwemikhosi ephakamileyo, umvangeli wasemazweni waya kwiNtloko yeKumora (iNtshona York State) kwaye kwelinye lamapoleni wafumanisa amaphepha amancinci egolide, apho ama-hieroglyphs ayebonakala ngokucacileyo. Kwakhona kufumaneka iimbasa ze-Optical, ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yesibongo sezulu, iNcwadi ye-Golden Book yaguqulelwa kwisiNgesi. Ngenxa yoko, ngowe-1830 iNcwadi kaMormon yashicilelwa kwisixa sama-5,000 ikopi.

Ukudala ihlelo

Kungekudala emva kokupapashwa kwezityhilelo zenkolo eFayeti (eNew York), iqela leMormon ladalwa, ekuqaleni liqulethwe ngabantu abathandathu. Emva kwexesha elithile, inani "lomlambo omtsha" laqala ukwandisa: iinqanaba zamaMormon zahlanganiswa ngabaProthestani abanegunya - uSidney Rigton noParley Pratt. Nangona kunjalo, akuwona onke amalungu omphakathi athembekileyo kwiziko "lonqulo olutsha". Ihlelo likaJoseph Smith ngamanye amaxesha lathandelwa yintshutshiso kunye noshutshiso, ngoko abalandeli bakhe baphoqeleka ukuba batshintshe indawo yabo yokuhlala. Abameli belo kholo elitsha bamisela iidolophu eziliqela, apho "unyana kaThixo" kufuneka avele.

Amacandelo amahlelo

Ifilosofi yonke yentlangano kaMormon isetyenziswe kwiintlobo "zeencwadi eziyingcwele": "IBhayibhile", "Imfundiso kunye neenkonyunyana", "Incwadi kaMormoni", "IParele leMali ePhambili". Abahlobo bokholo olutsha abanakholelwa ukuba umntu unesono esisiqalo, kwaye emva kokufa kwakhe kukho inkazimulo engaphantsi komhlaba, emhlabeni.

IiMormon ixesha elide livakalisa isithembu, ekugqibeleni "saqeda" phantsi koxinzelelo lwababusi baseMerika. Kuze kube ngoku, isithembu ithathwa njengoluhlobo oluqhelekileyo nolwemvelo lobuntu. Inkqubo yokubhaptizwa (ukukhululwa ezonweni kunye nokwamkelwa ebandleni) abameleli bokholo olutsha bathathe indawo yabafileyo.

I-Mormon ibeka iliso ngokubonakalayo nokubonakala kwenkcubeko. Zinyanisekile, zihloniphekile, ziyabulumko kwaye zicocekile.

Ukubethelwa kwe-ideologist

Ukushumayela kwengcamango ingathethiwa ngabantu abaninzi baseMelika, ngoko bagxeka kakhulu iimbono kunye neenkolelo zabameli beenkolelo ezintsha. Emva kokuba uluntu jikelele luqaphele ukuba iindikali zikhuthaza umgca we "harem", abezindaba baqala "ukukhohlisa" kwesi sihloko. Ngenxa yoko, uJoseph Smith (uMormon) uzame ukubulala umzimba "iintsiba ezimbi" ezisebenza kwi-periodical Obozrevatel Nova. Amapolisa ayinyanzeliswa ukuba angenele, kwaye i-Mormon ideologist, kunye nesihlobo sakhe saseKhairum, babesemva kwamagosa. Nangona kunjalo, abantu baseMerika bafuna isijeziso esinzima nakumaqela amacandelo.

Emva kokuba bevalele entolongweni ukuze bagwebe abavangeli basemazweni ngabodwa. Njengomphumo wokudubula, inkokheli yamaMormon yabulawa.

AmaSectari namhlanje

I-brainchild uJoseph Smith yakha, icawa lePresbyterian lijonga inkolelo yenkolo yamanga kuba abameli bayo abaziboneli ngokwabo isiqalo sesono. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku i-Mormons yinkampani enkulu yonqulo kwihlabathi. Inani labameli be "Icawa likaYesu Krestu weeNtsuku zemihla yokugqibela" namhlanje malunga nabantu abayizigidi ezi-7. Abathunywa bevangeli baseMormon bashumayela ngeengcamango zabo, ezibandakanya abantu abaninzi nakwiqela.