Kutheni na ukuthatha le Bastille njengoko ekuqaleni Revolution e France

Iziganeko Bayingenisa revolution eFransi, baba nefuthe zezepolitiki ehlabathini. Enye imiboniso ephambili yale revolution ke ngokuthabatha Bastille - inqaba waba entolongweni yezopolitiko. Kutheni na ukuthatha le Bastille njengoko ekuqaleni kwe revolution France? Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo ukuqwalasela imeko yezopolitiko ka1789 xa iyonke.

ngumba

I okwathatha Ingxaki yezoqoqosho kwaqala ebudeni bolawulo uLouis XIV. nobangela wale ezi ingakumbi inkqubo yezopolitiko waseFransi - absolutism. inkqubo feudal yenza kube nzima ukuba uphuhliso lorhwebo, ezolimo, ishishini. Oohlohlesakhe uhlawule irhafu eqolo kurhulumente, nto leyo ukhathazekile malunga nokuba nokudalwa imithetho bhetyebhetye zoqoqosho, okanye ukunikwa amalungelo ezopolitiko. Kwi kokuba inkundla umxholo isixa eqolo, uvimba Sivikivekile, ityala likarhulumente lifikelele eyothusayo. Kunokuba ukulawula uqoqosho, abasemagunyeni babhenela ezintsha zonke iirhafu eqolo, obehamba uhlasela emagxeni ngoohlohlesakhe bezindlu zasebukhosini nababenemihlaba abatsha. Ngelo xesha, mveliso kanye bezimali akukho amalungelo ezopolitiko, bayakwazi ukuphembelela imeko ngokubanzi, nikhule kuko ngakumbi nomsindo nabanumzana bonke abanomdla kuphela ezizezabo-ntle yabo. Enye iimpendulo kulo mbuzo, "kutheni aphume le Bastille njengoko ekuqaleni revolution" ngulowo ukuba le ntolongo yindawo basebukhosini ukuvalelwa kangaka kuthiywa ngabantu abaqhelekileyo.

i States-General

umbhodamo kwezoqoqosho kunye elikhulu ityala likarhulumente kwanyanzeleka uLouis XVI ukuba abuyele namandla wayesakuba nguMphathiswa wezeMali, umlandeli esebenzayo kutshintsho loqoqosho, Necker. Kwathiwa isigqibo ukuba kuqokelelwe eUnited-Jikelele, nto leyo kwacetywa phinda inani lezihlalo ukuba abameli Estate yesiThathu. abameli yoohlohlesakhe ukhokelwa Bala Mirabeau kunye Abbe Sieyes. Emva ukungavisisani ezininzi abameli yesiThathu Estate ngokwayo labizwa yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe. Imizamo ukumkani yokuvakalisa null isigqibo nengekhoyo akukho impumelelo. Louis XVI Kwanyanzeleka ukuba ndivakalise semthethweni yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe, apho kungekudala wathi injongo yayo entsha - nokudalwa entsha inkqubo yezopolitiko kunye nophuhliso-siseko.

Ukuqala kwako

Ngelo xesha, iParis sasigcwele. Kuphiwe amaphetshana, kwakukho izithethi ezininzi, kwakukho amaqela ezahlukeneyo. Ngelo xesha, ukuba iyamcamagusha abantu, ukumkani siyakrazula nomkhosi Paris. NgoJulayi 12, kaKing Order Necker kokuchithakala kwaye elubhacweni ngaphandle eFransi. Iindaba yoko ekuqaleni qhankqalazo. Ngentsasa ka Julayi 13 ngaphandle Paris bahlabe tocsin. abarhwebi ezincinane amagcisa, iintatheli, abasebenzi, abasetyhini kunye namadoda amadala baba axhobileyo nangaphandle ezitratweni. Kamva kulo mhla, baloo dolophu zambamba arsenal.

Bastille

Ka1789. Bastille asiyonto efanayo ngaphambili. Endaweni, namatshawe amanqugwala, whiled kude apha amashumi entolongweni, entolongweni yaba yindawo lwabarhanelwa alungiselelwe mthetho zesiqhelo. Okuqulethwe inqaba ezinkulu ezifana lubiza kakhulu, kwaye Necker wayesele ecetywayo yokuphelisa entolongweni, yaye umhlaba emi kuwo, ukuthengisa zobuncwane. Indida amanga neqiniso ukuba iMini Bastille eFransi ayikwazanga ibe esemthethweni holiday, kwafuneka Necker waphulaphula ngaphambili.

Le guns inqaba endala asasazwe ngayo idolophu Saint-Antoine, apho zazikhona amahlwempu ezidolophini. Le nyaniso abemi abanomsindo kwi Day Bastille. Umhla Juni 14, ka1789 yaba lusuku lokugqibela ubukho entolongweni yeengcungcu. Emva kokuva ukuba inqaba nciphisa umkhosi karhulumente, Kamil Demulen wabongoza ukuba ezikhukhula entolongweni. Isihlwele itshayelwe abavikeli squad atyhoboza, angena esangweni. Kwingqwayi wambulala, i Bastille wawa. Ukumkani kwanyanzeleka ukuba abuyele i Necker kunye ukurhoxisa amajoni.

Abanye lahamba ixesha, kwaye iindonga inqaba omdala yatshabalala. Xa isayithi ye-inqaba endala kwasekwa yinkangala, wabeka uphawu lisithi: ". A indawo lokudloba"

iziphumo

Kutheni na ukuthatha le Bastille njengoko ekuqaleni revolution? Ukusuka ngentla siya afikelele kwizigqibo ezilandelayo:

- I Bastille waba ezinxulumene begazi, ukumkani yaye kwangaxeshanye waba uphawu yengcinezelo, entolongweni. Ukuwa yaseYiputa yaba uphawu yokutshatyalaliswa wolawulo endala.

- Emva kokuwa Bastille, yaye ukumkani ekurhoxisweni okokuqala kwimbali ukuphulaphula izimvo zalo siqu.

July 14, ka1789 uKumkani lweMedia begazi wawa, abantu baye baba nobuchule babo ukuxhathisa urhulumente yobukumkani - nto ke leyo ebangele kuthatha i Bastille njengoko ekuqaleni revolution. Ithuba okuphembelela imeko ze utshintshe ubomi kwilizwe babo abemi, yaye basebenzisa eli thuba.

Day Bastille eFransi uthathwa iholide kazwelonke. Le nkululeko iholide, inkululeko nomanyano lwesizwe bonke abantu beli lizwe.