Iyona dinosaur enkulu: bruhatkaiozavr okanye ...

Inkulu idinosaur - ngubani na? Xa abantu baqala ukumba amathambo e-dinosaur (kwaye kwenzeka okokuqala ngqa, ixesha elide kakhulu elidlulileyo), kwakukho iingcamango malunga needonons ezinkulu. AmaGrike awajonga ukuba la mathambo abe yizintsalela zamaqhawe abo - abathathi-nxaxheba kwi-Ilium. Emva kokubonakala kobuKristu , iifashthi zaza zibajonga njengezihlunu zezilwanyana ezingasinda kuMkhukula. Kwaye amaTshayina ayenomsebenzi wokuphilisa kwabo. Yonke into yatshintsha ngekhulu leshumi elinesithoba, xa kuboniswe ukuba amathambo ayingxowankulu yezilwanyana zangaphambili. I-dinosaur yokuqala echazwe yi-megalosaurus - enye yeepangolin ezidlulayo ezazihlala kwiminyaka eyi-180 yezigidi edlulileyo. Kwaye nangona igama elithi "megalosaurus" liguqulelwa njenge-pangolin enkulu, kamva izidumbu zezilwanyana zafunyanwa, zigqitha ubukhulu bayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Ubuninzi bezona "zininzi kakhulu" zeengqungquthela zanda ngokufumana nganye entsha. Iyona dinosaur enkulu, njengokuba yayingayilindela, yayimmeli "yeqhekeza elincinci" leengqungquthela zamandulo. Kodwa i-bronzosaur, apho "ibhanki yokudlula" ye-lizard enkulu kunqumla ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi elinesithoba, ayizange ifuthe ixesha elide kwimida yozuko. Kwiminyaka embalwa emva kamva, kwenziwa izinto ezintsha ezatshintsha iimbono zabantu malunga nezilwanyana zasemaphandleni. Yintoni na imeko yangoku?

Isihloko esithi "i-dinosaur enkulu" ngoku iyingcipheko enegama elinzima bruhatkaozavr. Amathambo akhe atholakala ngo-1995 eIndiya. Nangona kunjalo, "amathambo" akwenzeki ngokupheleleyo. I-Bruhatkaiosaurus yachazwa ngethambo elinye - i-tibia. Iigulane zeedinosaurs ezinkulu azifumanekanga kungekudala, zakhiwa ngokutsha ngokweempawu ezimbalwa ezifunyenweyo. Ngokomzekelo, omnye umenzi wesicelo esithi "i-dinosaur enkulu" - i-amphicelia - ayichazwa ngento yonke, kodwa ngeqhekeza (!) Kwi-vertebra. Njani, ngokusekelwe kwinqatyana, izazinzulu zakwazi ukuseka ukukhula, ubunzima nobude bezilwanyana zasendulo - umbuzo omkhulu. Kodwa, ngokusobala, ezo ndlela zikhona, kunye nomda omncinci wephutha, ngaphandle koko i-dinosaurs "ezibuyiselwe" ayiyi kufakwa kwiluhlu lwezilwanyana zasendulo. Masithembele kwimbono yabasebenzi kulo mbandela.

Ngoko ke, kulo nyaka ka-2013 onokunikezelwa ngesihloko esithi "enkulu idinosaur"? Umfaki sicelo wokuqala nguBruhatkaiozavr. Leli likhulu lilinganiselwe (ngokubhekiselele kwi-hypothesis ye-orthodox kakhulu) ukuya kuma-tani angama-240, kwaye ubude buneemitha ezingama-44. Okwesibini yi-amphicelia enobunzima obuqikelelwayo obukhulu beetoni ezili-155 kunye nobude obude ukuya kuma-62 emitha. Xa kuthelekiswa "neqhawe" - uhlobo oluthile lwe-geek: elide, kodwa lilula. Ngokwenene, kunjalo ...

Indawo yesithathu kunye neendondo zebhedu ifunyenwe ngummeli waseMzantsi Melika (nangona kunjalo, kweso sikhathi, kubonakala ngathi akukahluli kwilizwe eliqhelekileyo) i-argentinosaurus. Kwakude ubude obufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-35 kunye nobukhulu beetoni ezingama-108. Indawo yesine yayihlala i-Zavroposideon, eyayibude beemitha ezingama-31 kunye nobukhulu beetoni ezingama-60. Kuyamangalisa ukuba, ngokungafani namanye amaninzi ama- dinosaurs amakhulu , intamo ayifani nxamnye nomhlaba, kodwa yanda phezulu. Ndiyabulela kule nto, ndiza kubonakala lula kwiwindow yomgangatho wesihlanu kwindlu yanamhlanje. Kwaye ke yesithandathu. Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ezintlanu eziphezulu zivala i-superzavr. Ubude beemitha ezingama-34 kunye nobunzima beetoni ezingama-40 zenza ukuba lube mncinci ngokumalunga nemvelaphi yempumelelo enkulu.

Ngokubhekiselele kwiipangolin ezidlulayo, i-dinosaur eyona nto inkulu kakhulu, ngokubhekiselele kwimbono yokungafani kwezesayensi, yi-giganotosaurus, enokwanda kweemitha ezili-7 kunye nobukhulu beetoni ezi-13. Kutheni iindidi ezinkulu zedinosaurs, abameli bezilwanyana ezidliwayo kunye neerbivores, zihluke kakhulu ngobukhulu? Inyaniso kukuba abantu abaqhelekileyo ubomi kufuneka badle inani elikhulu lezilwanyana. Kwaye kunye nobukhulu obukhulu nobukhulu, kufuneka badle inani elikhulu lezilwanyana ukugcina ubomi. Ukuba abaxhamli bebukhulu be-brughatkaosaur, babeza kutshabalalisa zonke iilbivores, baze bafe. Kulamba.