Isizwe soMeya: iimfihlelo zentlalo yasendulo

Kukho amahemuhemu kunye neengcamango malunga nenkcubeko, indlela yobomi kunye nolwazi olubanzi ngokubanzi lwabantu baseMaya. Ngoko yintoni ekhangayo kangaka ngale mpucuko yasendulo eyimfihlelo kunye nengqiqo ?

Namhlanje, isizwe samaMaya sisinye sezizwe zaseNdiya ezihlala eMzantsi Melika (eGuatemala, Mexico, eHonduras naseBelize). Kwaye ngokuqala malunga no-2000 BC, okubizwa ngokuba yimpucuko yamandulo, esekelwe kwiMbindi yaseMerika, ibizwa ngokuba. AmaMaya alalela zonke iintlanga nabantu ababehlala apho ngelo xesha.

Phantse iikhilomitha ezili-12 ubukhosi bale nkqubela yahlala. Ingqungquthela yokuhluma, ngokutsho kweembali-mlando, iminyaka eyi-900 sele i-AD, emva koko kukho ixesha elide lokunciphisa, izizathu zazo ezingaziwa.

Isizwe samaMaya, esineembali enkulu kunzulu kwenzululwazi, iye yadibanisa ubomi bayo kunye namazulu. Ama-Indiya athembela kwilifa le-Olmecs, impucuko yangaphambilini, kwaye bafumana impumelelo ebalulekileyo ngelo xesha kwintsimi yeenkwenkwezi, kwincwadi yokubhala kunye nekhalenda. Ngexesha elifanayo, ubomi bala bantu babunzima kakhulu.

Umsebenzi oyintloko wale maNdiya wawuyizolimo, apho basebenzise izixhobo ezilula kunye nezilungelelaniso. Kodwa nangona kunjalo, babengabalimi abahle kakhulu-isizwe samaMaya sakhuthaza ngokukhululekileyo indawo enkulu yamahlathi aseTropiki, zakha indawo yokugcina indawo yokugcina amanzi amanzi. Ukongezelela, impucuko yenzeke kumbumbi kunye nokuloba. Kwaye ndibulela emikhondweni ehlanjululweyo edlula kwimifula kunye namahlathi, ama-Indiya aseke ukuxhunywa kwezorhwebo kunye nabanye, abantu abakude.

Iimbali zamandulo zamaMaya, njengoko izazi-mlando zibango, zazingasazi nokuba liphi ivili. Okwangoku, kuyaqhubeka kumangalisa kwaye kungenakucaciswa ukuba kwimihla yaloo mpucuko yakha iithempeli, izindlu, iindawo zokujonga, izixeko ezimangalisa, amathuna kunye nezinye izikhumbuzo ezakhiweyo. Kwaye konke oku, kwindlela, kwakhiwe ngaphandle koncedo lwezixhobo zetsimbi.

Ngaloo mihla, xa i-colonizers yeLizwe Elidala libeka unyawo kwicala lasempuma laseMzantsi Melika, isizwe samaMaya sase sichitha kakhulu. Abanqobi bathatha isimo sengqondo esibi kubo bonke abo baqingqiweyo beempawu kunye nezobugcisa obudalwa yile mpucuko yasendulo. Iikholoniyali yabona kuphela ifa lobuhedeni, ekufuneka libhubhise ngokugqithiseleyo. Kodwa nantoni na ehleliyo yolwazi kunye nenkcubeko yamaMaya, kwaye nanamhlanje ikhuthaza umdla wabososayensi.

Emva kwexesha, amaMaya aqala ukushiya imizi ababeyakhayo ngamanani amaninzi. Okwangoku, kukho iingcamango ezininzi malunga nale nto, kodwa akukho mntu uyazi isizathu esiyinyani. Kwaye namhlanje kwihlabathi lonke lezenzululwazi lihlala liyimfihlakalo - luhlobo luni lwempucuko, ngaba bavelaphi abameli balo kwaye bahamba phi ...

Esinye seziphumo zabo eziphambili kunye ezimangalisayo yikhalenda, esekelwe kwizibalo zeenkwenkwezi, ukuchaneka kwazo eziqhubeka zivuyisa iingcali zanamhlanje.

Ngokubanzi, isizwe samaMaya sasebenzisa ukujonga kwayo kwintsimi yeenkwenkwezi kokubili ukujongana neengxaki ezahlukeneyo zokuxinzelela (umzekelo, kwintsimi yezolimo) kwaye uchaze ezinye iimfihlelo zehlabathi. Ngaloo ndlela, ababingeleli babala ngokuchanekileyo imijikelezo yomhlaba yomhlaba, eqinisekisiwe ngolwazi lwangoku. Ii-Horoscopes, eziza kubalwa ngabafundi beenkwenkwezi, ezikhokelwa yikhalenda yesizwe sasendulo samaNdiya, asizange ilahlekelwe yimpumelelo yazo. Eyona nto ininzi, mhlawumbi, ukubikezelwa okuthandwayo kukuphela kwehlabathi, okuya kuthi, ngokubaluleka nokubala kwesi sizwe samaNdiya, kuza ngo-2012. Ukukholelwa okanye ayikho into eyimfihlo kubantu bonke, nangona kunjalo, nangona inani elikhulu labakhohlisi, kukho iinjongo zangempela zokukholelwa esi siprofeto.