Indalo: izinto eziphambili kunye neempawu ngokubanzi

Okusingqongileyo kwendalo - oku iimeko zendalo angqonge eziphilayo, ukuququzelela okanye uthintela kuphuhliso lwabo. Habitat kunokuba negalelo ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo kubo, kuyo nabo bonke efunekayo ukuze siphile. Eziphilayo kokusingqongileyo cell iimveliso pathways, ezo ke, nayo, athathe inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zendalo. It inezigaba ezahlukeneyo ziyaphila kunye nohlobo engaphiliyo, kwakunye nezo adalwe umntu ekuhambeni imisebenzi yayo. Ezi zinto ngeendlela ezahlukileyo kuchaphazela eziphilayo uyakwazi ukwenzakalisa okanye babe negalelo kwezopolitiko, abanye babefuna. Ngokuxhomekeke koku, kukho ukuhlelwa ezininzi ngeemeko zokusingqongileyo, kwaye kweli nqaku siza kuxubusha abo zixhaphakileyo.

Ukubekwa kwindalo

Ekubeni bume yendalo - enyanisweni, i engqongileyo izinto zendalo, ngoko, phezu kwesi sisekelo, bahlule iindidi ezimbini: yendalo kwaye eyenziwe ngumntu. ukuqonda indalo kwakhona kuyahlukana nedlela omhlaba yale mbono, kuba oko kwizinto zonke isithuba ojikeleze umhlaba wethu, kwaye ngengqiqo ayemxinwa - ukubhekisela umhlaba onokuphila kunye iqokobhe engaphandle komhlaba. basiqonda ngokunxibelelana zokuhlala ngezinto ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, kuba bezibona izakhi urhulumente static ayikho ngokupheleleyo engqinelana nenyani.

Ngoko sinako lisenza amacandelo eziliqela-bume:

1. Le nto ndiyibhalayo inamacandelo unabanye.
2. Imeko yendalo kuqondwa iinkalo ezahlukeneyo kunye isikali, kodwa inkalo yayo ephambili ukuba isethi iimeko zobomi a ophilayo.
3. It lineziphumo ezahlukeneyo ubomi eziphilayo kakuhle, kakubi kwaye neutrally.
4. Yabelana izinto zendalo yokusingqongileyo kwaye abo esidalwe ngumntu ngumntu.

Okulandelayo, sicinga ngeemeko zokusingqongileyo abumba kokusingqongileyo.

Okusingqongileyo kwendalo izinto abiotic

Le iseti kweemeko ezinxulumene nokusingqongileyo ezingaphiliyo. Nabo ke, yahlulwe bomzimba kunye imichiza. Kudidi lokuqala wendalo ezingaphiliyo ngazo ngokwemiqathango ngezithako zawo chemical. Umzekelo, kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi amanzi kunye netyuwa, ngamnye kubo aphile kwezinye izinto, lo gama ayinakuba khona abanye. Oku kukwabandakanya ukwakhiwa eekhemikhali umoya, umhlaba kunye nezinye izinto yokusingqongileyo. Uphawu emzimbeni lobushushu umoya, umhlaba, amanzi, umgangatho yengcinezelo, ulwalathiso ngamandla umoya, parameters kwemitha. Sikwathathela nengqalelo mphandle kunye nemozulu data komhlaba. Okwangoku, kwezenkolo anikela ingqalelo kakhulu imozulu, nto leyo utshintsho trend ezimbi ngenxa yezinto anthropogenic.

I-bume yendalo nezinto zasemanzini

Apha oko kuboniswa ukuzalana eziphilayo emhlabeni. Ngoko ke, izilwanyana ezitya ezinye izinto eziphilayo ngokulawula inani lazo. Abo ke, nayo, ube yokuhlala abanye, ezifana gazi. Ezinye izinto umungu ezinye yaye aba negalelo ukwanda kwabo. Kolu luhlu i ibhalansi emangalisayo ubukho izityalo kunye nezilwanyana: ukukhululwa yokuqala oxygen ezifunekayo izilwanyana, yaye, bona, ukukhululwa carbon dioxide, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu zizityalo.

I-bume yendalo nezinto abantu

Zizo ezi zinto ezivela ngenxa yezenzo zabantu. Iiplastiki kuzo ebezintle nezo zingentle. Umntu uyakwazi ukutshintsha okusingqongileyo, ngokuhlenga-hlengisa ukuze ahlangabezane neemfuno zawo. Umzekelo, umsebenzi isityalo kushishino amalahle i ngaphandle kokusebenzisa okucoca nga kunene ziyihlambele emoyeni ngenxa kukuphuma esindayo. Inkunkuma ayinakho ukuba zilahlwe komlambo bagqobhozela emhlabeni, nto enyanzela esiswini ukuba ushiye kwindawo eqhelekileyo, ukuba unako kwaye kufa. Kwelinye icala, kukho imibutho ukuba uzama ukubuyisela inani leesampulu iintlobo ezisengozini, yaye libhekisela izinto anthropogenic. Ekubeni umsebenzi womntu zahlukahlukene kakhulu, oko kuchaphazela ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo neemeko zokusingqongileyo, yaye phakathi kwenkulungwane yama-20, ngexesha ukukhula esebenzayo shishino, izazinzulu ziye zachongwa into efana "noosphere", echazwe Iqokobhe Umhlaba, nto leyo kuguquka ngabantu.