Impi isikhupheli seTrojan

Isizathu sokuba kaTrojan, yaziwa, kubonakala ngathi, nkqu umfundi, Noko ke, bathi amazwi ambalwa ngayo kusenjalo kuyimfuneko. Kwaye kufuneka uqale emsithweni ka Thetis, uthixokazi ulwandle kunye hero Peleus. Le umshado ngokuba phantse bonke oothixo, ngaphandle encinane: Eris, isithixokazi isihlava, aye wagqiba ekubeni ukumema. Kwaye, kakhulu ngokwemvelo, wee wayicaphukela ekutshintsheni iziganeko. Eris idume iziqhulo zawo ezimbi, yaye eli xesha akazange aphindele ezantsi esuka imikhwa yazo. Phezu kwetafile festive ngayo ukuphosa -apile egolide apho kwathiwa: "Fine."

Bathi kwisihloko oothixokazi amathathu: Athena, Aphrodite kunye zekhompyutha. Kwaye akaphumelelanga ukusombulula ukungaboni ngasonye emthendelekweni. Ke Zeus wayalela isigqibo eParis, umthetheli isikhupheli seTrojan, unyana Priam. Yothixokazi beza kuye ngoxa wayesalusa impahla emfutshane ngaphandle kweendonga sixeko wacelwa ukuba ukunceda, ngamnye oothixokazi wathembisa Paris enye okanye elinye iwonga le "ekunene" ukhetho. Zekhompyutha wathembisa Paris zabanyathela Asia, Athena - uzuko wamajoni, kunye Aphrodite - uthando umfazi omhle, uHelen.

Predictably, iParis wakhetha Aphrodite wamhle. UHelen waye umfazi Menelaus, ukumkani Sparta. EParis weza Sparta kunye, ngoyaba imithetho iindwendwe, wathabatha uHelen, kunye namakhoboka nobuncwane agcinwe komkhulu. Ukufunda le, Menelaus wacela uncedo umzalwana wakhe, Agamemnon, ukumkani Mycenae. Kunye Babutha umkhosi, leyo yadibana bonke ookumkani nabathetheli, ngubani ngexesha labo ukuphakamisa uHelen, Wabhambathisa akhusele isidima sakhe.

Ngaloo ndlela waqala War seTrojan. Thatha isixeko ngokukhawuleza ayiphumelelanga bahlaseli, njengoko ezikhuselweyo kakuhle kakhulu. Nasekuxinweni yaqhubeka iminyaka elide 9 ubudala, kodwa iinkcukacha ezininzi siyazi iziganeko kunyaka-10 edlulileyo. Tshintsha luqala mzuzu xa Agamemnon oxhaphaza Achilles sekufudusweni yakhe, Briseis. Yena waye wayengumfundisi etempileni Apollo, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuba ukubuyela, ukuze aphephe ingqumbo kaThixo. Achilles wacaphuka Abavumanga uchuvstvovat e Butha phambili.

Ukususela ngoko umsinga zomkhosi lwaba nxamnye namaGrike. Akukho kwezabo zange ukunceda, Achilles laqina kwisigqibo sakhe. Kuphela entsimini indlela Trojans atyhoboza, angena kwinkampu ubeke umlilo omnye iinqanawa, Achilles uvumele umhlobo wakhe, kaPatroclus, ukutshintsha ibe zentsimbi yakho kwaye ikhokelele ibutho lamajoni bakhe. Bahambe i Trojans, kodwa inkokeli yabo, unyana omdala Priam leendima, wambulala kaPatroclus.

Esi siganeko kukhokelele bubushushu Achilles, yaye ibalelane Agamemnon, waya kukha abalungise na abaphuli-mthetho. Waba lugcwabevu ngumsindo kangangokuba wambulala Hector, wasibopha isidumbu sakhe enqwelweni yakhe saya izihlandlo ezimbalwa ababekweso sixeko nemimandla. Kwaye ngokukhawuleza emva koko uTshawe ngokwakhe wafumana ukufa kwakhe.

Libulale Achilles kwaba nzima, inyaniso kukuba unina ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa nkxu kulo mthombo, owamenza anihlasele. Kodwa ediphini, yena ombambe pyatochku. Apollo zabangela Paris, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba ukubetha esithendeni Achilles.

Emva kokufa kwakhe, amaGrike baqala ukwabelana iintonga zakhe, yena ukuba namaqhawe ezimbini: Odysseus Ajax. Ngenxa yoko, isikrweqe baya kuqala, uze emva koko kuzibulala Ajax. Ngoko ke, umkhosi ZesiGrike, ndayihluthwa abalinganiswa ababini. KaTrojan weza inguquko entsha. Ukuze kwakhona swing amaxolo libhuqiwe emagemeni abo, amaGrike wabiza uncedo nabanye abalinganiswa ababini: Philoctetes kunye Neoptolemus. Ababulala iinkokheli ezimbini ezishiyekileyo yomkhosi isikhupheli seTrojan, emva koko yokugqibela wayeka ukuya kulwa entsimini. Gcina isixeko phantsi zokungqinga inokuba ixesha elide kakhulu, kwaye ke Odysseus, owayedume ngobuqili bakhe, wacebisa ukuba akhohlise Trojans. Wacela ukwakha ihashe enkulu eyenziwe ngomthi, uze ukuzise njengesipho bangqinge umzi, yaye yena ukuba benze siwele. AmaGrike watshisa kweminquba, sakhwela iinqanawa zabo sanduluka ngenxa headland elikufutshane.

Trojans wagqiba ukuba uwarhuqe na ihashe kulo mzi, esazi ukuba esiswini sakhe, Ngokuqhusheka best imfazwe namaGrike. UMbingeleli Laocoön walumkisa abahlali ilindele lembandezelo, kodwa akukho namnye waphulaphula. Emasangweni wehashe ayizange kudlula kwaye Trojans bayidiliza yinxalenye eludongeni. Ebusuku imfazwe iphuma esiswini sehashe, makhe isixeko kwanamaGrike abaye babuyela. Ababulala bonke amadoda kunye nabafazi nabantwana kwikhompyutha. Yaphela ke War seTrojan.

Uninzi ulwazi kwesi siganeko, safunda kulo mbongo "I Iliad", lo mbhali apho wenziwa elifunekayo. Noko ke, ngoku kumiselwa kakuhle ukuba, enyanisweni, nguye lo amaqhawe yamaGrike likazwelonke, nto leyo uxelela abemi baloo mizi, iimvumi zalapha, aedy, kunye uHomer yaba nokuba edume aedov, okanye nje ndawonye zibe ngamaqhekeza ezahlukeneyo kwenye.

Kangangethuba elide kwiMfazwe seTrojan lajongwa njengoyena intsomi, intsomi tale entle, kodwa akukho ngaphezulu. Ngokukodwa, isizathu sokuba oku ukuba ayaziwa apho Troy, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba esi sixeko yayingekabikho.

Kodwa ke zakudala Genrih Shliman wafumana kumabhodlo uTroy. Ke kwaye kwacaca ukuba kaTrojan, imbali yayo ebaliswa "Iliad", waba ngokoqobo.