Imbali kwisixeko Yaroslavl ngokufutshane. City of Yaroslavl: imbali, izinto

Yaroslavl ngomnye imizi umdla eRashiya. Namhlanje siza kukuxelela kanye ngaye. Imbali kwisixeko Yaroslavl ngokusondeleyo edibene imbali karhulumente Russian, inkcubeko esisityebi lizwe lethu. Imephu engezantsi obomvu ophawulwe kummandla Yaroslavl.

ukubaluleka zenkcubeko nezembali isixeko

Xa intlanganisela iVolga kunye Kotorosl emva kwenkulungwane ye-11 yayakhiwe njengenqaba, nto leyo ukukhusela iindlela Rostov Enkulu. Wazibonela iimfazwe ngokungenalusini amajoni azinikeleyo IsiRashiya ukuya anayo abahleli eludongeni zentsimbi Spassky Monastery. Edolophini inkululeko eMoscow bathontelana wamajoni Minin kunye Pozharsky. Apha Yaroslavl, yafunyanwa ngama enye kwezi zintlu, "Lala," i perile ye iincwadi Russia yamandulo. Igama kulo mzi mkhulu kwi iVolga, nayo enxulumene izibakala ezininzi buqu ukusuka kubomi amanani enkulu inkcubeko yelizwe lethu: FG The, umlawuli, nomdlali wemidlalo, NA Nekrasov, imbongi dear entliziyweni Russian, LN Trefolev, Democrat imbongi AM Opekushin, nomkroli, LV Sobinova, umculi AI Savrasov, umculi. Makhe sijonge esidlule okude kwilizwe lethu, apho a lot of iintsomi amasiko esizwe ahlalisane yemihla ubungqina.

Njengoko Yaroslavl wavela?

Imbali kwisixeko Yaroslavl enemvelaphi yayo ngamakhoboka. Esi sixeko iqala ukusuka kwindawo ekuthiwa nanamhla abatoli. Amagama indawo Russian wayesoloko ilizwi. Ngoko wabiza qhina elide, ekapa kwi ekudibaneni yemilambo ezimbini. Kulapha, phezu ekudibaneni akhiwa iVolga River Kotorosl ulwalathiso, kwakunye emkhonweni Kotorosl, enqamleza ngpaha komzantsi kumwonyo Medveditsk, yokuqala ekwahlala kuyo abantu balapho.

Utolo kwi kwimingxuma afunyanwa womgaqo kwilali Merya, iqala ibali wesixeko Yaroslavl kuyo. Omnye amavo malunga nendlela kwakukho lo mzi siyohlala iinkcukacha eziqokelelwe yi bezinto zakudala. Ibizwa ngokuba "The Legend of ukwakhiwa isixeko Yaroslavl '. Eli siko beza kuthi kwimibhalo Samuila Mislavskogo, uBhishophu Rostov.

Eli ke ibali isixeko Yaroslavl, kunokuba prehistory yayo. Malunga nendlela eyasekwayo, bona ngezantsi.

Ilivo wamandulo njengebhere

Imbali kwisixeko Yaroslavl imifanekiso elandelayo. Ibonisa ibhere. Le inkosi kwamahlathi yenye abadlali abaphambili ilejendi yamandulo malunga nendlela kwakukho lo mzi. Imbali kwisixeko Yaroslavl izalana ngokusondeleyo ukuya kwezi zilwanyana. Xa "Legend ..." Uyakwazi ukufunda xa, emva ekusekeni inani abahlali Bear engile Yaroslav Mudry babuyela kule ndawo evela Rostov, abantu oko ke evakalala "yi irhamncwa ngenkohlakalo kunye izinja." Kodwa ke umthetheli woyisa irhamncwa. Abahlali bendawo onamandla kukoyika Yaroslava Mudrogo, waza wawa phantsi phambi kwakhe ngobuso. Eli bali uwuthandayo ingakumbi ukuphulaphula abantwana xa bebalisa ngendlela Yaroslavl kwavela. Imbali emfutshane isixeko abantwana kufuneka sibandakanye le lamandulo.

Njengoko waziwa, iintlanga ezininzi, owaba ihlelo lebhere, kwakukho uhlobo owalela - ukuthintelwa ukubiza igama lakhe. Malunga Bear njalo lathi "umntu omdala", "isilwanyana", "umqashi". Ntlokoma kulo mba kwezinye iindawo apho kwakhona namhlanje, kakade, kuphela ngokohlobo amasiko esizwe.

Chweba ukubonakalisa Yaroslavl

Kulwazi Yaroslavschiny malunga ukunqulwa esi silwanyana esinayo ngenkcazo eziphathekayo, ngezakudala. Masikhumbule umlambo Bear (oko kukuthi uviko ekhohlo iVolga) kunye inqaba ibekwe apha, ngokuba 'sisixeko lebhere. " Ndingenwe babanjwe xa ukufa ezingcwele abemi isilwanyana Bear yembombo, sasisikhulu ngokwenene.

Xa uhlobo olunye okanye kwelinye sobu isenzo Yaroslava Mudrogo eqhelekileyo, kuyabonakala ukuba, kumaxesha amandulo. Nantso indlela ookhokho bethu babecinga nento baqala imbali isixeko.

Yaroslavl ... Isishwankathelo kumabali kulo mzi, yasekwa Yaroslav Izazi, enayinikelwayo abazali nabantwana. Oku kuboniswe Umfuziselo yamandulo umzi, umfanekiso yokuqala enxulumene kwinkulungwane yama-17. Prince Yaroslav, Kakade ke, akazange aneliseke loyiso kuphela phezu nebhere, Yimbonakaliso ukuzimela kule ndawo. Ukuze ufumane zintshula kuloo an mfula ebalulekileyo ukusuka Rostov, waseka isixeko wamtshicela yamanje, efana ngokwemigaqo unxantathu alinganayo. Leyo ke imbali kwemfundo yesixeko Yaroslavl.

Version kokumiswa Yaroslavl

Xa kukho umcimbi ebalulekileyo? Oku mhlawumbi enye yeengxaki enokuphikiswa yaye entsonkothileyo eziye ziphawulwe kwimbali isixeko Yaroslavl. Amaninzi, isiseko umzi ezinxulumene iziganeko ka-1024. Yaroslav Mudry, ngubani lagaxeleka uvulele umzalwana wakhe Mstislav ezantsi, kwanyanzeleka ukuba benze imisebenzi Suzdal. Oku kwaphawula ukuqala inkqubela phambili ngenxa apho isixeko yasekwa.

Kukho nolunye uluvo malunga kuqalisa ngayo ibali yesixeko Yaroslavl. Ngokufutshane chaza umongo walo. Yaroslavl, ngokutsho kwezinye abaphandi, yayiza esasekwa Prince ungadlulanga umhla we-1010. Ngokutsho oluguqulelo, ilivo ubalisa iziganeko zeBhere ekoneni, ngexesha xa Yaroslav yaba inkosana Rostov. Isiseko ezinqabeni kufutshane Kotorosl, umlambo iinqanawa, ngaba masikhokelwe ekomelezeni ezweni Rostov kwamandla njengenkosana.

Sisihlandlo sokuqala kwesixeko yemihla

Ngo 1071 iquka ikhankanya yokuqala yeembali esixeko ezifana Yaroslavl. Imbali emfutshane isixeko abantwana okanye abadala kufuneka ibandakanye ibali ngasechwebeni iVolga (kumntla-mpuma Russia) ngeli xesha laqalisa we ngamakhoboka akhokelwa izilumko. Encwadini yeembali Ungafumana irekhodi eneenkcukacha njani na abalimi bendawo, nto leyo eyakhokelela i "ezimbini abavumisi ngeenkwenkwezi abavela Yaroslavl '. enesihlwele esinzima kwesikhulu zicinezelwa le mvukelo.

Imvelaphi yegama "Yaroslavl"

Siyabona ukuba ukuzalana umzi igama umseki wayo, Yaroslava Mudrogo, izicacele. Emva koko, eli nani laba inkosana olukhulu Kiev. Impela nje igama ngesakhiwo. Nokuba umntwana ziyacaca, gama elo elithetha "Yaroslavl". Ibali abantwana komzi (isishwankathelo eli nqaku ibe sisiseko salo) kufuneka axelelwe ngolwimi olulula, kodwa kwangaxeshanye imincili. Ngaphandle kokuya kwi kuhlalutyo yeelwimi, umntwana kubhengeza nje ukuba "Yaroslavl" lithetha "isixeko Yaroslav".

emzini bacanda

Nakule ngenkulungwane 13 isixeko Yaroslavl, ngokufutshane echazwe kweli nqaku, wamiswa ngomnye isiganeko esibalulekileyo. Prince Constantine Vsevolodovich ngo-1215 yabeka "indlu" kwi wamtshicela - inkundla umthetheli, njengoko kwakunye Church of Ingqikelelo Virgin, ibandla lokuqala ilitye. Kwisixeko kwakukho enye yoonongendi ezindala kwi North-Eastern Russia - Spaso-Preobrazhensky (nezaziwa nje Spassky). Yaroslavl ekuqaleni zimelwe, njengezininzi ezinye izixeko Russia yamandulo, ngamaplanga log inqaba. Ngoko ke phezu Mothers inxalenye zindala kuyo wayesaziwa ixesha elide isixeko ezinqunqiweyo.

Ngoku eli gama yamandulo zemibongo ifuze igama yakhiwa ngo 1695. Church - Nicholas isixeko zinqunqwe, ngenye indlela - ibandla St Nicholas Rubleny. Kukholelwa ngabanye abaphandi, igama "isixeko zinqunqwe" wanamathela ngokwentelekiso emva kwexesha ngenxa yokuba isixeko eliphikisayo yodongwe ngenkulungwane ye-16. Ngo-1463, urhulumente Russian uye wangena Yaroslavl. Imbali mzi ngenxa yabantwana, isishwankathelo lwazo kwandiswa ngokongeza inkcazelo umdla kweli nqaku, akukho mfuneko nazo zonke iinkcukacha zembali. Kwanele ukuba ndithi kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho obuqhubekekayo esixekweni kunye nokukhula ummandla wayo waqalisa emva kwesiganeko.

Yaroslavl sele ngenkulungwane ye-16, singqongwe uMfula enzulu zangaphandle kunye nodonga eliphezulu zodongwe omuzi zakhe. Igama "Umhlaba City" livela apha. Apha uyakwazi ukukhankanya ubukho acha- eMoscow, apho ke isixeko yodongwe kumaxesha amandulo. Okwangoku Yaroslavl kwakhona kwindawo ebomvu, ifoto leyo ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi.

Iziko yolawulo mzi, kuyaphawuleka ukuba kude ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18 yaba kummandla okuthambile sixeko. Emva koko, kwakukho ekuthiwa njalo-isicwangciso rhoqo Yaroslavl, apho embindini wafuduselwa Elias Square (renamed kamva Soviet).

Amagama kwizitrato zesixeko

Omnye ngoyaba enye into, ezichaza isixeko Yaroslavl. Imbali, izinto yona - 'umdla kakhulu bonke. Nangona kunjalo, akukho amagama ukwazi ngaphantsi kanye enxulumene nale ndawo. Njengoko yaziwa, Yaroslavl - enye imizi yamandulo of Russia kunye nembali elide, iimpawu zendalo. Kodwa ujonge imaphu yesixeko namhlanje, thina musa ukuhlangabezana kakhulu, amagama zengqikelelo yamandulo. Amagama ezitratweni zilandelayo :. Revolutionary, lane eSoviet, amasekela, uSuku, Cooperative, esikolweni, njl Nangona kunjalo, kukho amagama ezinxulumene nembali yalo mzi: Mill Lane, City Val Nekrasov, Yamskaya, Suzdal, ekuhleni koomatiloshe kaThixo, kunye nabanye.

igama Street Trefolev in Yaroslavl

Sixelele ngokufutshane malunga mgwaqo, leyo inokufunyanwa ngokundwendwela isixeko Yaroslavl, imbali, ezithile kunye ntsomi leyo thina abanomdla. Kwimephu mihla a Trefolev esitratweni. Yaroslavl ngegama layo immortalized inkumbulo imbongi-zedemokhrasi, ababehlala apha - LN Trefolev (1843-1905). Kwakhona yaba umguquleli elungileyo, umbhali-mbali kunye umhleli. Uninzi imibongo bakhe baye baba iingoma zomculo womthonyama. Oku, umzekelo, "Ingoma Kamarinskaya umlimi", "Dubinushka" kunye nabanye.

Yaroslavl - isixeko, indawo awazalelwa kuyo Nekrasov

Ezoncwadi, poetic Yaroslavl - eyinhloko Nekrasov. Enyanisweni Yaroslavschiny - indawo awazalelwa kuyo wembongi enkulu Russian. Waye umntwana oneminyaka emithathu ubudala waziswa kwidolophana Greshnevo (ebizwa ngokuba namhlanje Nekrasovo), ilifa usapho kayise, ibekwe elingekude Yaroslavl. Nekrasov eneminyaka engama-11 ababhalise esikolweni ephakamileyo asekuhlaleni. Umntwana mhlawumbi uza kuba nomdla ukwazi ukuba le mbongi ezinkulu zahlala kwisixeko ezifana Yaroslavl. Imbali abantwana mzi ngenxa yesi sizathu kufuneka ibandakanye iinkcukacha ngokufutshane zabantu ubomi bakhe.

Ngoko ke, kule minyaka kamva akazange ukhohlwe kwilizwe labo. Wayedla beza Greshnevo ukuba ihlobo, kwaye kananjalo fumene Estate 1861 kwilali yase Karabikha. Kule estate kuyo qho ngonyaka phantse-14 iminyaka wahlala iinyanga eziliqela yaye babhala imisebenzi yakhe emihle. Le ndawo ibekwe kule lali, edibene iziganeko zembali. Kwikota yesibini ngenkulungwane ye-15, ebudeni bemfazwe yamakhaya, apha kulapho idabi kwenzeka phakathi Vasily zoBumnyama, inkulu eMoscow, kunye Dmitriem Shemyakoy, isikhulu Galician, ngenxa yobukumkani enkulu. Ngowe-1435 imikhosi Shemyaka boyiswa kwidabi kufuphi Karabitovoy ntaba (endulini kufutshane Karabikha).

ziganeko zembali ezinxulumene oyiNgcwele yoTshintsho Monastery

Igama lomzi Yaroslavl ngenxa mbali zoncwadi, ngokunjalo ngamnye abantu Russian, edibene kunye nenye into. Siye okhankanywe ekuqaleni kweli nqaku, ukuba uMsindisi-yoTshintsho Monastery ngomnye omdala eRashiya. Waziwa ezininzi iziganeko kwimbali yesizwe. Umzekelo, kukho yenziwe isikolo yonqulo, okokuqala kwi North-East of eRashiya, nto leyo yaba ilayibrari enkulu ngenxa ixesha, olu sapho lwaluquka amawaka ngqangi. Kwakhona iindonga Spassky Monastery ngo-1571 wafumana indawo yokufihla ngokwakhe Ivan Grozny, xa amajoni esondela Moscow, Devlet Giray, i iCrimea Khan. Ukongeza, iindonga weemonki bakwazi ukumelana emthonjeni ngomhla-23 enzima 1609 zokungqinga ngexesha umzabalazo kunye bahlaseli Polish. Ngowe- 1612, ngoJulayi 27, umkhosi wamajoni ekhokelwa Minin kunye Pozharsky wayeyiphangile kwidabi notshaba akhuselweyo eMoscow.

Noko ke, elinye kuyinyaniso yembali yayo ingakumbi iindlela. Uluhlu "Lay", lo lesikhumbuzo omkhulu iincwadi Old Russian, ukuba igcinwe kwi sacristy le weemonki. Count Musin-Pushkin ngo-1795, waza wathenga inani ngqangi ezixabisekileyo uYoweli wesandla, owayesakuba Archimandrite. Collector kwafunyanwa phakathi kwabo, kunye noluhlu "Amagama ...".

Sele sathetha ngelayibrari yesikolo yokomoya, ibekwe kwi Spassky Monastery. Kwaye elayibrari, kwaye sisikolo ngokwaso ngo-1214 sakhutshelwa Rostov. ubuncwane bayo, ngelishwa kutshiswa ngexesha umlilo phakathi komzi. Mhlawumbi kule kwithala-ngqangi "Words ...", nto leyo ngenkulungwane ye-16, kwenziwa uluhlu, kamva bafumana Musin-Pushkin.

AK Savrasov - esinye esidume of Yaroslavl

A lot of izibakala umdla ukusuka ngobomi inkcubeko Russian ezinxulumene kwisixeko Yaroslavl. Hayi ezininzi uyazi ukuba oku kulapho AK Savrasov, igcisa enkulu, ukusebenza nokupeyinta yakhe "Le ehlasela Ngaba Lifikile" (kwakunye ezininzi nezinye izinto). Elaliliphethe Yaroslavl, ezibonakala, kancinane ixesha - iinyanga ezimbalwa ebusika nasentlakohlaza ka-1870-1871. Noko ke, eli xesha lomsebenzi wakhe ube yimpumelelo kakhulu umculi. E Yaroslavl, ukuba zabhalwa imizobo abaziwayo ezifana "Lingcwaba iVolga", "omkulu phezu iVolga Yaroslavl", "iVolga". It wadalwa njenge imizobo embalwa "ehlasela 'odumileyo. Omnye yokuqala yabhalwa ngoko ongaphandle mzi, ngokuba Martyr. Vladimir icawa waba umzobo ukuba umthi apho ehlasela yokwakha.

Wayesilwa AmaTatar, esenzeka kwiNtaba Tugovaya

Hlokondiba ukuhlasela usongo angawaconganga kwaye ubulawuli ka Yaroslavl. Iintshaba Bawutshisa umzi, kunye Vsevolod, owokuqala Yaroslavl Prince, wabulawa ngexesha alwe uMlambo City, leyo ilahlekileyo ku Russian. Kodwa ke isixeko akazange anikezele. abemi bayo ngo-1257 avukela. Yaroslavl, ngokutsho legend, wadibana kuba Kotorosl Tatar kwecala. Apha, phantsi kwesikhokelo Prince uConstantine phezu kwentaba encinane, ngoko igama iintaba Tugovaya, idabi kwenzeka. Nangona basekuhlaleni balwa ngobukroti, amandla, yaye engqina eli xesha ukuba ukungalingani. Ekunene phezu edabini, kwiNtaba Tugovaya, amajoni Russian eyafakwa. rumor Popular kamva wazihlanganisa igama entabeni edabini. Ngokutsho legend, induli ixesha elide emva kokuba idabi abafazi wafika ukumlilela ofileyo, "buhlungu" kuye. Inelungelo lo isiseko isihloko.

Nangona kunjalo, ezi ziganeko ayikwazi kubhalwe. Zemihla ngemihla wayesilwa AmaTatar cwaka, nobukumkani uConstantine Yaroslavl ingafakwa kuphela ngendlela ngqo.

Yaroslavl ezinika umdla zotyelelo

Isixeko ngokumangalisayo idibanisa amatsha kunye namadala kunye, abazizityebi nabangamahlwempu, ezingaphucukanga ngokomoya. E Yaroslavl, unako ukufumana iintlobo ezinika. Isikakhulu abantu bendawo Andazi nokuba ukuba umzi wabo abo okanye enye ubutyebi, ngenxa yokuba ngokwenene lukhulu. Ezinomtsalane eziphambili ibekwe ziko. Iiplastiki intetho elide. Kuphela manzi ye Kotorosl kunye iVolga ulingana! Indibaniselwano yezi milambo - indawo owuthandayo ehamba wabakhenkethi nabantu balapha. In Yaroslavl kananjalo iimyuziyam ezininzi. Of umdla olukhulu Metropolitan Chamber, apho ii icon zamabandla nezigodlo esixekweni. Mizobo abaculi Russian agcinwe endlwini yeRhuluneli. Kakade, njengawuphi na isixeko samandulo Russian, kukho ezininzi iicawa: i Church of Ioanna Predtechi, ibandla Mihaila Arhangela, ibandla Ioanna Zlatousta kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Ezi iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga ngembali wesixeko Yaroslavl kunye ezinika yayo. Kweli nqaku ndiye thaca kuphela iingongoma eziphambili ezinxulumene elidlulileyo yayo. Ngelo xesha, imbali wesixeko Yaroslavl umdla gqitha yaye antsonkothileyo. Funda kunokuba elide kakhulu. Imbali umzi base Yaroslavl ushiya eninzi weemfihlelo, apho namhlanje beats izazinzulu ezininzi.