Kutheni na ukuba ukukhumbula owazalwa njani thina? Kutheni na ke ukuba ukukhumbula ubuntwana?

Iinkumbulo yobuntwana enzulu ingafikeleleki ebantwini, kwakunye ukukhunjulwa kwixesha lokuzalwa kwabo. Noko elidityaniswe? Kutheni na ukuba ukukhumbula owazalwa njani thina? Emva ezithile eziyingozi njengoko eyayikrolwe kwi ienjini uze kuhlala khona kude kuse ephakadeni, ukuze ngengqondo kunye osemqoka ngokwasemzimbeni njengoko ukuzalwa nje ukucinywa kwi "subcortical". iithiyori ezininzi bengqondo, amalungu oluntu, kwakunye ulwazi elinesihloko unqulo, ukunceda baqonde loo meko twisiseka.

theory eyimfihlakalo

World inkolelo iimfihlelo iphela kunye ingqondo Ephakamileyo ezifundisa ingcamango yabo kutheni umntu ukubukhumbula njani azalwe. Zonke indaba imvula - ukuba igcina yonke ingcaciso iintsuku ezidlulileyo, iimvakalelo, impumelelo kunye nokusilela, ukuba ingqondo yomntu, ngokunjalo umzimba wakhe wenyama, akanako ukwamkela kunye, ngokulandelelana, ukuze ziqonde. Ngomhla we-10 ubukho umbungu kuyo abantu umphefumlo, kodwa kuphela ukuba umzuzwana, ngenxa 30-40 iintsuku phambi komhla wokuzalwa liyinxalenye ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni ofayo. Kutheni na ukuba ukukhumbula owazalwa njani thina? Ngenxa yokuba umzimba ayifumaneki imbono lolwazi, akukho ndlela unawo umphefumlo. ihlwili Energy ukuba ikhusela zonke data evela ingqondo, nto leyo esithintelayo ngowona umthendeleko nofifi sendalo womntu. Umphefumlo awufi, umzimba - nje iqokobhe.

ichazwe zesayensi

Kutheni na ukuba ukukhumbula ukuba kokuba azalwe? Ukususela ngokombono inzululwazi, le meko luchazwa noxinezeleko onamandla ezihamba ukuzala. Iintlungu, utshintsho amalungu omzimba, ukukhuthazwa emjelweni ukuzalwa - konke oku utshintsho nzima ukuba umntwana isibeleko efudumeleyo, ekhuselekileyo kweli hlabathi angaqhelekanga.

Memory Ukwakheka inxulumene ngqo nokukhula emzimbeni womntu. omdala ienjini Ubamba imizuzu wobomi ukugcina kubo, nabantwana, yonke into eyenzekayo ngokwahlukileyo kancinci. Iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo, kwakunye imiba enxulumene kubo, zigcinwa kwi "subcortical", kodwa ke zicinywe iinkumbulo ophelileyo njengoko iingqondo labantwana, ngenxa yokunqongophala yayo yophuhliso, azikwazi ukuba ukugcina intabalala ulwazi. Yiloo nto andithanga ndikukhumbule thina ubuntwana bethu yaye azalwe ngayo. Ukususela malunga neenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwenye kunye neminyaka emibini enesiqingatha umntwana livela kwinkumbulo: ixesha elide kwaye elifutshane. Kule minyaka, eqalisa ukufunda abazali kunye isangqa engaphakathi, ufumana izinto isicelo, ekhokelwa ekhayeni labo.

Ngoko kutheni andithanga ndikukhumbule thina kokuba azalwe? Omnye ke, ukucaciswa ukunqongophala iinkumbulo yabantwana abancinane kungenxa yokuba umntwana abanakukwazi ukunxulumana iziganeko ezithile namazwi, ngenxa yokuba izikhohlakali zingamoyiki andikwazi ukuthetha kwaye akazi malunga ubukho magama ngokwazo njani. Ukungabikho iinkumbulo ebuntwaneni bakhe bengqondo kuthiwa kunesifo bobusana.

Izazi ezininzi, ingxaki memory zabantwana, kunoko, hayi ukuba babe nako ukwenza izinto, kwaye igcina ienjini yomntwana onke amava xa kwinkumbulo elifutshane elide. Oku kuchaza isizathu sokuba abantu abakwazi ukukhumbula kwixesha lokuzalwa kwakhe, nokuba amanye nkqu imizuzu aqaqambe ngayo ubomi zingacimeka kunye nexesha.

ngokutsho Freud

nosaziwayo International, enkosi eziye zenziwa ukukhula okubonakalayo amayeza kunye psychology, uye wadala ingcaciso yakhe kutheni ungandikhumbuli thina ebuntwaneni bakhe. Ngokutsho kwithiyori Freud kaThixo, indoda uvimba ulwazi malunga iziganeko zobomi, xa yobudala sele ayifikelelekanga kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu, ngokunxulumene fakelo ngokwesondo omnye wabazali wesini esahlukileyo umntwana, kunye ndlongo kwenye. Ngokomzekelo, inkwenkwe esemncinane abe nolwalamano zingqondweni kunye nonina ngamandla, lo gama uyise nomona kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ayithiyileyo yena. Ngenxa womelele abazi ngakumbi iinkumbulo ienjini uthintelwe okung kunye nemvelo. ukwamkelwa kunjalo, ithiyori ye uSigmund Freud akukho iye yazuza ekuhlaleni lwezenzululwazi, wahlala kuphela kwimboniselo enye-emalungana ngengqondo Austria akukho nkumbulo yobuntwana.

Theory Hark Khone

Kungenxa yoko le nto umntu akabi sayikhumbula ukuzalwa kwakhe, njengoko uphando ngalo ngugqirha, uhlobene ngqo ezi zinto zilandelayo: umntwana nangoku ngokuthe yena njengomntu ngamnye. Ngenxa memory aninako ukusindiswa, ngokuba abantwana abazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni wawujikeleza ukusuka ngamava zabo, iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo, nokuba - iziphumo yabasemzini ophilileyo. Ukuze umntwana oselula bonke babe banye.

Kutheni abantwana ukuchaza apho umama notata, ukuba kunjalo na andazi ukuba uthethe ngayo kwaye mathuba ezimbi ezingalibalekiyo ukususela ebuntwaneni bam

Umntwana ngokulula guided ekhayeni lakhe kwaye ayikho udidekile xa ucelwa ukubonisa ukuba yeyiphi abazali bakhe umama kunye notata owathi, ngenxa memory kwisemantiki. Kwaba kukhona ke iqulethe kubalulekile iinkumbulo ukusinda kwabantu zehlabathi ngeenxa zonke kuye. Ngenxa iinkcukacha eziqulathwe kule ixesha elide "yokugcina", umntwana uya ufumane apho izimuncumuncu oluthandayo kwezinye amagumbi kuyo wondla baza bankcenkceshela, ngubani waba umama okanye utata. Kutheni na ukuba ukukhumbula owazalwa njani thina? Le ngongoma kungachazwa yinto yokuba ienjini esi siganeko ebomini ephatha njengoko ezingeyomfuneko kwaye iyingozi psyche ye isenzeko, bamgcine kwixesha elifutshane, kunokuba kwinkumbulo yexesha elide.

iisayikholojisti Canadian ukufunda le ngxaki yokusetyenziswa kunesifo bobusana

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphando olwenziwe ngoogqirha evela Toronto, waya ngabantwana 140, ubudala ogama ezintathu ukuya alishumi elinesithathu. Kakuhle eli ulingelo yaba kukuba bonke abathathi-nxaxheba udliwano-ndlebe, wabuza ezindidini zazo zontathu iinkumbulo zokuqala. Iziphumo zophononongo zibonise ukuba umgangatho abantwana abancinane ukhumbule ngokucacileyo loo mathuba yobuntwana, yaye abantu abo ubudala kweminyaka engama-7-8, awukhumbuli iinkcukacha iimeko aphile ukuba ngaphambili wamxelela.

Paul Frenkland. Isifundo se-Hippocampus

I-Hippocampus yinxalenye yenkqubo ibizivalele ingqondo. Owona msebenzi wayo - uthutho kunye "kulondolozwe" inkumbulo zabantu. Isazinzulu Canadian P. Frenkland abanomdla kwimisebenzi yayo nendima ekulondolozeni inkumbulo ntoni macala. Ndimncinile ngokweenkcukacha ngaphezulu i 'yokugcina "yobuchopho, ISAZINZULU bagqiba kwelokuba nto ukhumbule thina ukuba bazalwa njani thina, kwakunye nendlela apho ebuntwaneni wethu ukuya kwiminyaka 2-3, kwiikota zilandelayo: umntu ngamnye uzalelwe Hippocampus ngokwaneleyo ethintela ulwazi efunyenweyo yokugcina eqhelekileyo. Ukuze Hippocampus waqalisa ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, kuthatha iminyaka - kwandisa umntu senzeka loo nto. De ufike laa mzuzu iinkumbulo ebuntwaneni saa kuzo zonke iimbombo kwimimandla neuron.

Nokuba xa Hippocampus iqalisa ukusebenza, akakwazi kuqokelela zonke iinkcukacha leyini memory ndiyibeke uhlobo kwo. Kutheni abantu abaninzi kangaka abantu andikhumbuli ebuntwaneni phambi kweminyaka emithathu, yaye ngoko ke ambalwa abo ukhumbula yena phantsi kweminyaka 2-3. Olu phando ichaza isizathu sokuba andithanga ndikukhumbule thina, njenge wazalwa waza wakhulela kwada kwayiminyaka ngesizathu.

Impembelelo lokusingqongileyo ulondolozo memory womntwana

Izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba, ukongeza iimeko zemfundo kunye nelifa yemfuza, ukuya iinkumbulo yobuntwana kuchaphazela indawo abantu abahlala kuyo. Phakathi nokuhlola, apho kwakukho abantwana Canada kunye China ukusuka kwiminyaka-8 ukuya kweli-14, oko kuqhutywa uvavanyo lwemizuzu-emine malunga nobomi babo. Ngenxa yoko, abemi elincinane kuMbindi zoBukumkani bakwazi ukuxelela ixesha labo esabiwe ingaphantsi kwe guys waseKhanada.

Ziziphi izinto sihleli kakhulu kwi ienjini labantwana?

Abantwana kangako basengozini zihlandlo zobomi ezinxulumene izandi zibaluleke ngaphezu iziganeko apho baye bakwazi ukubona into kwaye uzive. Noko ke, uloyiko kunye neentlungu ezifunyanwa ngumntu eselula, rhoqo ekugqibeleni indawo nezinye izinto, ezininzi ezintle. Kodwa kwenzeka ke, ukuba abanye abantu ukhumbule ngcono iintlungu, iintlungu neentsizi ngaphezu ulonwabo novuyo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba umntwana usana ufunda isandi ngaphezu kucacile izinto. Umzekelo, eliva okunene lona izwi lonina, ikhala luthoba phantsi ngoko nangoko.

Ingaba ikhona indlela ekutsaleni iinkumbulo yobuntwana yakhe ezinzulwini ienjini?

Iingcali zengqondo badla ukusebenzisa ubhaptizo izigulane wakhe imo sethongweni, ukuze yokusombulula ingxaki ethile, njengoko bathi, zonke endinxunguphala eza ebuntwaneni. Kanye kwixesha elidlulileyo, umntu ngexesha neseshoni ngomlingo, singazi, uyakwazi isixelela ntoni eyona mfihlelo, iinkumbulo enzulu. Noko ke, ukubona kungena imizuzu zokuqala ubomi wasilela ukwenza - njengako amalinge amaninzi, le ienjini wakha ngathi kukho udonga gqithi ekhusela iimvakalelo anamava emehlweni prying.

Uninzi esoteric ukusebenzisa ngomlingo ukunceda umntu ufumanise malunga ubomi bakhe elidlulileyo, iinkumbulo yobuntwana nkqu ebuntwaneni. Kodwa le ndlela yokufumana iinkcukacha angqiniweyo ngokwezenzululwazi, ngoko ke amabali ezinye "yezo zinethamsanqa" abayazileyo ngexesha lokuvela kwawo, basoloko ezisungulwe nekhondo neentengiso yobungcali.