Iloli yeTan yokuthutha iimveliso ze-petroleum: iimpawu kunye nemithetho yokukhusela

I-tanker yokuthutha iimveliso ze-petroleum yile nxalenye yamaloli kwaye iyaxhaswa ngumtya othile. Kuphantsi kweemfuno ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela, kunye nezinye izithuthi ezisetyenziselwa ukuthuthwa kwempahla eyingozi.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeemveliso zepetroleum, ezidibene ndawonye kwiipropati ezifanayo:

• Izinto eziphathekayo ezifudumeleyo;
• Iimpawu ezinesimo esomeleleyo (ibhitumini ebandayo, iparafini);
• Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye neeplastiki;
• Ioli yeoli (i-hydraulic, transformer, insulating, motor);
• I-fuel (i-aircraft, i- jet kunye ne-diesel fuel, i-diesel, i-petroli).

Iloli yeTan yokuthutha iimveliso ze-petroleum: iintlobo

Iimoto zingaba nenjongo eyahlukileyo. Ezinye zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha amafutha kunye nombane kwindawo eya kuyo. Abanye banikezela ngemisebenzi emibini ngexesha elifanayo: ukuthuthwa kwezinto zokufakelwa kwamafutha kunye nefuthe. I-tanker yokuthutha iimveliso ze-petroleum kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zokukhuselwa komlilo ngenxa yezinto eziphathekayo ezithintekayo. Uyilo luqukethe amacandelo amaninzi afanelekileyo ukuthutha ngexesha elifanayo lweendidi ezininzi zombane.

Impawu

Iimpawu zobugcisa zixhomekeke kwinjongo kwaye zinqume iiparitha njenge:

• Ubunzima bebonke beetanki;
• Umda wepayipi;
• Isivinini esikhulu (malunga ne-70 km / h);
• Inani lamacandelo;
• Umqulu;
• Izinto ezisetyenziswa ekuveliseni;
• Indawo yekhabhinethi yobugcisa;
• Ifomu yesithuthi.

Kwiloli yerinki yepetolini, kunokwenzeka ukuthutha iimveliso zepetroleum ezikhanyayo kunye namnyama, kuquka neoli yeoli. Kodwa emva kokuba zinikwe ukuqhubela phambili ngokucwangciswa, ukuphambi kweyeza kunye ne-steam eshushu kuyadingeka.

Uhlobo oluphambili phakathi kwe-tanker yegesi kunye ne-gasoline tanker yesiqhelo ukulungiselela iprogram yokuqala kunye nompompo wokuhambisa. Ukongezelela, ezininzi ii-ATZ zanamhlanje zibanebala zokubala zamanzi.

Ukuba i-tanker yokuthutha iimveliso ze-petroleum, ubukhulu bendawo ephakathi kwe-9x2.5x4 m, ineendawo ezinamacandelo amaninzi, elowo kufuneka lixhotywe nge-drain ehlukeneyo, oku kuyimfuneko ukuphelisa ithuba lokuxuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto.

Enye indlela

Ukuthuthwa kweemveliso zepetroleum kunokwenzeka kwakhona ngeendlela ezihamba phambili, eziqhotyoshelweyo kwietrekta zerori (MAZ, URAL). Uhlobo olunjalo lwezothutho lugqibelele kwindlela engafanelekanga, njengoko zixhotyiswe ngamathayi akhethekileyo kunye nokukhanya okubanzi. Ukongezelela, zixhotyiswe ngamagalelo okugcina, okuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nezothutho.

Esi sixhobo esilandelayo sifakwe kwisixhobo seTaner:

• Ukujikela izigodo ezibekwe kumacala amabini;
• Iiplavines zeBhola kunye ne-sump enezinto zokucoca zifumaneka kwi-back;
• Isakhelo esenziwe ngentsimbi ekhethekileyo, kwaye songezwa nge-flooring, sineenkcukacha zokucocwa kocingo kunye nenqanaba;
• Isitya senziwe ngensimbi kwaye sinomfanekiso we-elliptical, ububanzi bayo buyi-40 m3;
• Umthamo we-fuel ulinganiswa ngamanqanaba omgangatho afakwe emqaleni;
• Iingubo ezimbini ezibhaliweyo zifakwe kwicala elingaphantsi;
• Intamo yetanki ixhomekeke kunye ne-bolts bolts kwaye ifakwa nge-valve yokuphefumula eyenzelwe ukunciphisa umbane we-fuel evaporated.

Izixhobo

Iloli lenzelwe ukunyanzeliswa kokusetyenzwa, okulawulwa yimigaqo yokukhuseleko lokuthutha. Ukongezelela, kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo lombane, kufuneka kubekho ithuba lokusampula ukuchonga umgangatho nokuthotyelwa kwezinto kumgangatho. I-tanker yokuthutha imveliso yeoli, umthamo wayo, ngokomthetho, ungaphakathi kweekhijitri ezingama-40, unesitya esenziwe ngentsimbi kwaye sifakwe kwisihlwele. Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lugxininiswa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze lugqitywe kwiixhobo ezizodwa.

Imigaqo yokuthumela

Kukho iimfuno ezisisiseko zokuthuthwa kwemveliso yeoli kunye nabaqhubi abaqhuba isithuthi. Phakathi kwazo zilandelayo:

• Iilangi leetanki zokuthutha iimveliso ze-petroleum zifakwe kwimbala ethile;
• Ubuninzi beemibhalo kunye namacwecwe anikezela ngengozi;
• Ukuphuculwa kwamanyathelo okukhusela umlilo;
• Ukufakwa kweendlela zokutyikitya (izibane ezikhanyayo zelanga);
• Ukufumaneka kwezixhobo zokukhusela;
• Umqhubi kufuneka abe noqeqesho olufanelekileyo kwaye abe nokufikelela ekuthuthweni kwezinto eziyingozi.

Isithuthi senqwelo yeTan yokuthutha iimveliso ze-petroleum, umfanekiso ochazwe ngasentla ungagqitywa nge-hose yokuhambisa, iimitha zamanzi, iimpompi ezinezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ukutywinwa kwe-electronic, umxube womoya wokubuyisela inkqubo kunye nezixhobo zokulayisha okuphantsi.