Ichibi lihluke njani elwandle? Ngoku sifumana

Ngenxa yokuba amachibi amaninzi, ekhoyo ngoku kwimeko, aqondwa ngephutha ngokuthi ulwandle, abantu bahlala bedidekile kule miqathango emibini. Ukuze ukwazi ukwahlukanisa ngokuchanekileyo ibumbi elithile kwiindidi, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba i-echibi ihluke njani kulwandle ukusuka kwindawo yezesayensi, indawo kunye neendawo zokujonga. Ngoko ngoku siza kujonga kwizinto eziphambili zobabini, uze uziqhathanise nomnye.

Inkcazelo emfutshane yelibi

Ngoko, i-echibi libizwa ngokuba ngumhlaba ovaliweyo ukusuka kumacandelo onke okubunjwa. Izaliswe ngamanzi kwaye ayixhunyiwe namanye amathambo amanzi eplanethi (imilambo, ulwandle, i-glaciers kunye nezinye). Amachibi abizwa ngokuba ngamanzi angaphakathi, anokufumana imvelaphi eyahlukileyo kunye neempawu. Ngokomzekelo, ilitye elikhulu kunazo zonke iCaspian (idla ngokuba yinto yolwandle), igcwele ngamanzi anetyuwa. Umthombo onzulu kakhulu weplanethi yiBaikal - umthombo wamanzi amanzi ohlala kwindawo yomoya ococekileyo.

I-Tectonic echibi

Ukuze uqonde oko i-echibi lihluke elwandle, kubalulekile ukwazi imbali yemvelaphi yale mithombo. Siza kuziqwalasela emzekelweni womzekeliso uze uqhathele. Ukuphula i- tectonic plate okanye i-deformation yayo yindlela efanelekileyo ekubonakaleni kokudakumba okungazaliswa ngamanzi. Kwakuyixesha lokutshintshwa kweengcamango ezazisenziwa nguBaikal owaziwayo, kwakunye nolwandle lwaseCaspian. Inani lamachibi e-tectonic linokuthi libhekiselele kuLwandle lwase-Aral, olusondele ngoku. Inombolo efana namachibi afundiswe kuwo onke amazwekazi. E-Afrika, ukuphulwa kwamacwecwe e-tectonic kwaveza izikhumbi ezibizwa ngokuba ngu-Edward, uAlbert, iMalawi nabanye. Ku-Israyeli kukho iqula elikhulu le-tectonic iLwandle eliLwandle.

Amachibi asezihlahleni

Kulula ukuqonda ukuba lithetha ntoni na i-echibi elwandle, unokwenza oku, ucinge ngolu qhekeza entabeni. Kwiindawo ezinjalo, izibizo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-lagoon ziyaziwayo, ezakhiwa kukuwa kwamatye kunye namatye amakhulu. Ngaloo ndlela, umzila wemifula kunye namanye amachibi okuthuthwa kwamanzi emlanjeni uyaphela, kwaye ivalwe isilumzi esisithulu. Unokufumana imimangaliso efanayo yokukhanya kuyo yonke indawo yeentaba. Bakhona eCanada, nase-States, nakwiRashiya, kwaye amaninzi awo agxininiswe e-Asia, phakathi kwamanani amaninzi. Kule ngongoma, siyabona ukuba kukho namachibi angavunyelwe ukubhada, okufumaneka kwiindawo ezinobhubhe. Bakha ubuhle obuhle, kodwa amanzi aqukethe ezininzi iigesi kunye nama-acid.

Inkcazo

Ukuze ekugqibeleni uqonde, kunokuba ilitye ihluke elwandle, qwalasela i-encoding yesibini. Ulwandle luyingxenye yezilwandle zasemhlabeni. Ingaba ngamanzi anetyuwa kuphela, ixhunyaniswe ngokuthe ngqo kunye namanzi amakhulu. Ulwandle luhlula ukusuka elwandle kwiziqithi eziphakama ngaphezu kwinqanaba, okanye ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Ulwandle luyahlukahlula ngoku lwamazi olwandle, iiflethi kunye nezilwanyana, kunye nesimo sezulu. AmaLwandle ahlukaniswe ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Iyokuqala ixinyiwe ngokukodwa ngelizwekazi, inokufikelela elwandle kuphela ngxinano. Le yiLwandle le-Azov, eliMnyama, iMeditera. Ezi zilandelayo zifumaneka kwimephu ngendlela yohlobo lwama-bay, olujikelezwe ziziqithi. Le Okhotsk, eCaribbean, Andaman.

Masibhale iziphumo

Ngoko, ulwahlulo oluphambili lwalwandle ukusuka elwandle kukuba owokuqala ngowomhlaba welizwe, okwesibini - kumanzi oLwandle lwaseMhlabeni. Kuyakuthi kuqaphele ukuba kwiindawo zolwandle sidibana namanzi asemzimbeni kuphela, ngelixa iindawo zamachibi zingaba ziindawo zombini kunye nezimbizi. Eyona nto, umahluko uyingakanani. Namhlanje kukho iilwandle ezingama-63 emhlabeni, kodwa zingaphi iikhenkco zikhona - zingasaziwa.