Umbhali nomlobi uPeter Weil

Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kweyesithandathu ukusuka ekubeni umbhali kunye nomlobi-ntatheli uPeter Weil bashiye eli hlabathi. Kodwa abahlalutyi benqaku leemarike yeencwadi ngokuqinisekileyo ukukhula ngokukhawuleza komdla wabafundi kulo mbhali. Kwaye esinye esinye isizathu sokuba sijonge ngakumbi. Umbhali uPeter Weil, owayeneminyaka engama-60 ubudala ubomi bakhe ubomi, wayeninzi kakhulu ngeRashiya, malunga namazwe aseSoviet kunye neendawo ezikude zomhlaba apho wafika khona.

Ezinye iinkcukacha ezivela kwi-biography

Umlobi wexesha elizayo uPeter Weil wazalwa ngoSeptemba 1949 eRiga, kwintsapho yegosa leSoviet Army. Apha, eLatvia, waphumelela esikolweni esiphakeme. Ufumene imfundo yakhe ephakamileyo kwi-capital of Soviet Union, kwisebe lokuhlela le-Moscow Polygraphic Institute. Emva kokubuyela kwisixeko sakhe sasekuhlaleni kwakumqeshwa wabhaliweyo wephephandaba elidumile "Ulutsha lwaseSoviet". Apha, uPeter Weil, owathi wabuyela ngapha nangabantu abaninzi abasesikhathini sethu, wadibana no-Alexander Genis, umlobi wakhe unomphela. Kwixesha elizayo, i-duo yabo yombhalo iya kukwaziwa ngokubanzi. UPeter Weil ngokwakhe, umfanekiso wakhe kunye nombhali-mbambano uhlobisa uhlangothi oluchaseneyo lweencwadi ezininzi, wazicingela ukuba unyanzelekile kuAlexandro Genis inxalenye ebalulekileyo yempumelelo yakhe yokubhala.

Ukufudukela kwamanye amazwe

Ngowe-1977, umbhali uhamba kwindawo yokuhlala ngonaphakade. E-New York, uPeter Weil usebenzisana njengomlobi wezithuba ezinjengozi "I-New Word Word" kunye ne "New American", ehleliwe nguSergei Dovlatov. Umbhali usebenza kakhulu kwaye ushicilelwa kakhulu. Amaphephandaba kunye namaphephancwadi aseRussia babengamaziko emveli ekubhenkceni kweengqondo kunye nenkcubeko yempilo yamagagasi amathathu eRussia. Kwaye le meko yanikeza inqanaba eliphezulu leencwadi, elipapashwe kule mpapasho ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane. Lapha uPetros Weil wadibana nombongi odumileyo uJoseph Brodsky, owathuthela eMelika iminyaka emithathu ngaphambili. Ubuhlobo babo buhlala kude kube yimini yokugqibela ye-Nobel laureate.

U khu luleko

Ukubambisana nesicatshulwa esaziwayo senkundla "Inkululeko" umbhali waqala ngo-1984. Kwaye kwangoko wahamba eofisi yaseNew York yesiNgesi yaseRashiya yerediyo. Ngo-1995, uPeter Weil wathuthela ePrague kwisikhundla seSekela loMlawuli weRashiya yeNkonzo yeRadio "Inkululeko". Okokuqala, ulawula iiprogram zolwazi, kwaye ke ngokoqobo. Umbhali uqhuba umjikelezo weenkqubo "IiHighes of Time" kwithediyo, ufunda imisebenzi yakhe yokubhala kunye neengqinamba zokuhamba, ebhalwe ngokubambisana noAlexander Genis. I-ofisi yokuhlela yaseRussia yeRadio Liberty phantsi kobukhokelo iba yindawo ephawulekayo yokukhangela abantu bonke abathethayo nabhalayo ngesiRashiya, kungakhathaliseki ukuba lihlala phi ilizwe. Ngo-editorial weWeil, ababhali bevela kuwo onke amazwe kunye nemimandla babambisana, emva koko i-Soviet Union yawa emva kuka-1991. Uluhlu nje olulula lwababhali, abaculi kunye neemvumi, abo amazwi abo avakalayo emoyeni kwesi sitishi serediyo, kwakuza kuthatha ixesha elide. Kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe, uPeter Weil uyintloko ye-ofisi yokubhala yaseRussia yeRadio Liberty.

Iincwadi zikaPeter Weil

Kuzo zonke izinto ezibhaliweyo nguWeil, akulula ukwenza into eqhelekileyo kwifomu yayo ecocekileyo, kunye nabalinganiswa beempawu kunye neemeko. Udumo kunye nokwaziswa kwaziswa kumbhali ngolo hlobo okuthiwa "iincwadi zokwenyaniso" - iincwadana zembali kunye neendawo zendawo, amanqaku okuhamba kunye neengqinisiso zengxelo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezihloko. Ininzi ethandwayo yiqoqo lombhali lweengcoko ezisekelwe kwimihlaba - "iGenius yendawo" kunye ne "Imephu yasekhaya." Kuzo, uPeter Weil ubonisa isimo sengxelo yaseRashiya kunye neendawo zayo zokuhlala. Ewe, zonke iincwadana zibhalwa phantsi kwengcamango yombhali ukuhamba kuzo zonke ezi ndawo. Kwixesha lokunyuka kwakhe kwi-post-Soviet space, umbhali wayehlala ehlala kwiimeko ezinzima kunye namabala ashushu. Okokuqala, malunga nemfazwe yokuqala yaseChechen. Akukho nto engabalulekanga yincwadi ethi "Iingqungquthela ngam," apho umbhali ebeka izinto eziphambili kwiinkalo zobungcali baseRashiya yekhulu lemashumi mabini. Wayeqhelana nabantu abaninzi ngeebongi.

Ngobambiswano kunye noAlexander Genis

Ngomdla wokudala kunye nomhlobo wakhe omdala kunye nombhali-mbambisene, uPeter Weil wabhala iindidi ezinkulu zeengqungquthela zengqungquthela eRashiya naseMelika: "I-Sixties: Ihlabathi Lomntu waseSoviet", "IParadesi Elahlekile," "iMelikaana" kunye "neRussia Cuisine Exil." Iimeko zincwadi zesiRashiya zinikezelwa kwiimpawu zemiqulu "Iprogram yeRussia ye-Contemporary" kunye ne "Intetho yeNdabuko." Kuzo zonke iincwadana i-Weil ne-Genisus ibonakalisa ulwimi oluthethileyo nolwazi olucacileyo. Ezi ncwadi zilula ukuzifunda kwaye aziyikuchukumisa ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yokugxeka okubhalwa yincwadi, uphawu lwekhosi yaseyunivesithi kwiincwadi zesiRashiya.